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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Kainulainen , Heikki Kainulainen", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Kujala, Urho Kujala", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Giarmenitis, Dimitrios", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2019-05-09T06:00:28Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2019-05-09T06:00:28Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2019", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/63842", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Introduction: Obesity has a strong link with cardio-metabolic risk factors. This fact has raised the necessity\nto understand the underlying causes of obesity for efficient prevention and treatment strategies. It has been\ndemonstrated that the distribution of the fat in ectopic fat depots, such as liver and viscera, associates with\nfeatures of the metabolic syndrome (MS) and an increased risk for manifesting cardiovascular diseases.\nInterestingly, MS can be present regardless obesity-defined anthropometric measurements. Hence, abnormal\nfat content in ectopic fat depots is deemed to increase the risk for developing the cardio-metabolic risk factors\nin non-obese population. A non-pharmacological method for maintaining physiological quantity of fat in\nectopic fat depots is physical activity. Based on the aforementioned, the aim of this study was initially to\nexamine the independent effect of chronic leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) on the intrahepatic\ntriglyceride (IHTG) content. The second aim was to test the association of the IHTG with variables of LTPA,\nanthropometrics, blood lipids, blood pressure, glucose homeostasis as well as abdominal adipose tissue in\nhealthy non-obese young adults prior to overt cardio-metabolic diseases.\nMethods: Twenty-three apparently healthy monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs (N=46, mean age= 34 years, range\n32-36) had been assessed retrospectively regarding their LTPA level in the FITFATTWIN study. All the\nsubjects were tested for the IHTG content by analyzing magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the liver, the\nMS criteria as well as variables of the abdominal adipose tissue. For the first aim of the study, ten of those\nMZ twin pairs (N=20) with the greatest LTPA discordance were divided into two groups of \u201cactive\u201d and\n\u201cinactive\u201d co-twins. We performed a comparison of difference in the IHTG content between the \u201cactive\u201d\nand \u201cinactive\u201d group. In the latter analysis, due to the twinship, both the genetic background and the\nchildhood environment were controlled. Therefore, we examined the independent effect of LTPA on IHTG\ncontent. In regard to the second aim, an individual-based correlation analysis of 22 pairs (46 volunteers) was\nconducted between the IHTG content and retrospectively-tested LTPA indexes, the MS criteria and the\nabdominal adipose tissue.\nResults: The comparison between the two groups, concerning the IHTG content, exhibited no statistically\nsignificant difference although the average IHTG content tended to be lower in the \u201cactive\u201d co-twin group.\nThe individual-based association analysis revealed statistically significant correlations between IHTG\ncontent and anthropometrics, abdominal adipose tissue, and glucose homeostasis variables. More\nspecifically, IHTG content correlated with BMI (r=0.313, P=0.006), waist circumference and (r=0.396,\nP=0.034), and total fat percent (r=0.397, P=0.006). Furthermore, IHTG content associated significantly with\nthe visceral adipose tissue (VAT) (r=0.465, P=0.001) and with the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT)\nr=0.350 (P=0.017). The value of the 30min time point of the oral glucose tolerance test was also related with\nthe IHTG content (r=0.348, P<0.05). IHTG content did not associate neither with LTPA indexes nor with\nblood pressure.\nConclusion: Previous findings have supported the notion that chronic LTPA can act as an independent effect\non health variables which associate with cardio-metabolic lesions. The MZ co-twin study aimed to examine\nthe potential causal association between the liver fat and LTPA. The findings of this did not show significant\ndifference on the IHTG content between the groups with the LTPA discordance potentially because subjects\nwere healthy young adults with averagely normal values of IHTG deposition. In the individual-based\nassociation analysis, the IHTG deposition correlated with some cardio-metabolic risk factor. It was\ndemonstrated that the higher the IHTG content the higher the values of the measured factors. Even though\nthese associations do not imply causality the results agree with the literature concerning the role of liver fat\non the exacerbation of the cardio-metabolic risk factors.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2019-05-09T06:00:28Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2019-05-09T06:00:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2019", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "54", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "non-alcoholic fatty liver disease", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "hepatic steatosis", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Leisure time physical activity, liver fat and cardio-metabolic risk factors : a monozygotic co-twin control and an observational study", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201905092503", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Liikunta- ja terveystieteet", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Liikuntafysiologia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Exercise Physiology", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", 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"dc.subject.yso", "value": "rasvamaksa", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "fyysinen aktiivisuus", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "maksataudit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "rasvakudokset", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "riskitekij\u00e4t", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "glukoosi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "metabolic syndrome", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "liver", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "fatty liver", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "physical activeness", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "liver diseases", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "adipose tissues", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "risk factors", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "glucose", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": 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