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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Sillanp\u00e4\u00e4, Elina", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Paavilainen, Aini", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2019-01-15T06:54:05Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2019-01-15T06:54:05Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2019", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/62491", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Fyysisella\u0308 aktiivisuudella on monia positiivisia vaikutuksia keski-ika\u0308isten naisten terveyteen, kuten verenkiertoelimisto\u0308n parantunut toiminta, vahvistunut luusto seka\u0308 pienentynyt riski kroonisille sairauksille. Fyysinen aktiivisuus edista\u0308a\u0308 terveena\u0308 ika\u0308a\u0308ntymista\u0308 ja fyysisesti aktiivisilla on pidempi elinajanodote kuin liikuntaa harrastamattomilla. Viela\u0308 ei kuitenkaan tiedeta\u0308, vaikuttaako vapaa-ajan fyysinen aktiivisuus ihmisen biologiseen ika\u0308a\u0308ntymisprosessiin, silla\u0308 ihmisen ika\u0308a\u0308ntyminen selittyy seka\u0308 lukuisilla ympa\u0308risto\u0308tekijo\u0308illa\u0308 etta\u0308 yksilo\u0308llisella\u0308 geneettisella\u0308 perima\u0308lla\u0308. DNA:n metylaatio on yksi epigeneettisista\u0308 tekijo\u0308ista\u0308, jolla sa\u0308a\u0308della\u0308a\u0308n geenien ilmenemista\u0308. DNA:n metylaatiolla tarkoitetaan metyyliryhmien liittymista\u0308 DNA:n sytosiini-fosfaatti- guaniini -ema\u0308spariin (CpG). Epigeneettinen kello eli DNA-metylaatioika\u0308 on lupaava biologisen ika\u0308a\u0308ntymisen biomarkkeri, jolla voidaan ma\u0308a\u0308ritta\u0308a\u0308 yksilo\u0308n biologinen ika\u0308 eri kudoksissa. Pa\u0308a\u0308sa\u0308a\u0308nto\u0308isesti DNA-metylaatioika\u0308 korreloi voimakkaasti kronologisen ia\u0308n kanssa. Yhteyden voimakkuus voi kuitenkin olla erilainen riippuen siita\u0308, minka\u0308 kudostyypin biologista ika\u0308a\u0308 arvioidaan. Fyysisen aktiivisuuden yhteytta\u0308 DNA-metylaatioika\u0308a\u0308n on tutkittu toistaiseksi vain muutamassa tutkimuksessa ja na\u0308ma\u0308 tutkimukset ovat arvioineet aktiivisuuden yhteytta\u0308 DNA- metylaatioika\u0308a\u0308n koko kehon (veri) tasolla. Ta\u0308ma\u0308n pro gradu \u2013tutkielman tarkoituksena on verrata yksilo\u0308iden biologisen ika\u0308a\u0308ntymisen etenemista\u0308 veren valkosoluissa ja luustolihaskudoksessa. Lisa\u0308ksi selviteta\u0308a\u0308n, onko vapaa-ajan fyysinen aktiivisuus yhteydessa\u0308 yksilo\u0308n biologiseen ika\u0308a\u0308n, ja onko yhteys erilainen veren valkosoluissa ja luustolihaksessa seka\u0308 selitta\u0308a\u0308ko\u0308 painoindeksi tutkittua yhteytta\u0308.\nTa\u0308ssa\u0308 pro gradu -tutkielmassa ka\u0308yteta\u0308a\u0308n Estrogeeni, vaihdevuodet ja toimintakyky (ERMA) -tutkimuksen osa- aineistoa. Otokseen kuuluu 30 ERMA-tutkimukseen osallistunutta keski-ika\u0308ista\u0308 naista, joille on tehty DNA- metylaatioika\u0308mittaukset veren valkosoluista ja luustolihaskudoksesta. Tutkittavilta otetuista veren valkosoluista ja luustolihasna\u0308ytteista\u0308 eristetysta\u0308 DNA:sta selvitettiin EPIC array \u2013analyysilla\u0308 353 ika\u0308spesifin DNA-kohdan metyloituminen. Raakadata syo\u0308tettiin vapaasti saatavilla olevaan ohjelmaan, joka spesifia\u0308 laskenta-algoritmia ka\u0308ytta\u0308en arvioi henkilo\u0308n DNA-metylaatioia\u0308n vuosissa. Epigeneettinen ika\u0308a\u0308ntymisnopeus (age acceleration) eli biologisen ia\u0308n ja kronologisen ia\u0308n ero, ma\u0308a\u0308ritettiin lineaarisen regressioanalyysin ja\u0308a\u0308nno\u0308ksista\u0308. Keski-ika\u0308isten naisten fyysisen aktiivisuuden taso arvioitiin validoidulla kyselylla\u0308. Muuttujien normaalijakautuneisuutta tarkasteltiin Shapiro-Wilkin testilla\u0308. Analyysimenetelmina\u0308 ka\u0308ytettiin Pearsonin korrelaatiokertoimien tulkintaa, parittaisten otosten T-testia\u0308 ja yksisuuntaista varianssianalyysia\u0308.\nKronologinen ika\u0308 korreloi kohtalaisen voimakkaasti veren valkosolujen DNA-metylaatioia\u0308n kanssa (r=0,43, p=0,019), mutta ei ollut yhteydessa\u0308 luustolihaksen DNA-metylaatioika\u0308a\u0308n (r=0,24, p=0,194). Fyysisen aktiivisuuden ma\u0308a\u0308ra\u0308 ei selitta\u0308nyt epigeneettista\u0308 ika\u0308a\u0308ntymisnopeutta veren valkosoluissa (p=0,444), mutta fyysinen aktiivisuus oli yhteydessa\u0308 luustolihaksen epigeneettiseen ika\u0308a\u0308ntymisnopeuteen (p=0,047). Keskiarvovertailussa havaittiin fyysisesti passiivisten koehenkilo\u0308iden luustolihaksen epigeneettisen ika\u0308a\u0308ntymisnopeuden olevan hidastunut verrattuna aktiivisempiin henkilo\u0308ihin. Tilastollisesti merkitseva\u0308 ero ha\u0308visi kehon painoindeksilla\u0308 vakioinnin ja\u0308lkeen (p=0,098).\nFyysisesti passiivisten henkilo\u0308iden hidastunut luustolihaksen epigeneettinen ika\u0308a\u0308ntymisnopeus on tuloksena ylla\u0308tta\u0308va\u0308 ja osittain pa\u0308invastainen aiemman tutkimustiedon kanssa, jonka mukaan terveelliset ela\u0308ma\u0308ntavat ovat useimmiten hidastaneet biologista ika\u0308a\u0308ntymista\u0308. Fyysisen aktiivisuuden yhteytta\u0308 biologiseen ika\u0308a\u0308ntymiseen tulisi jatkossa tutkia suuremmilla tutkimusjoukoilla ottaen kattavasti huomioon sekoittavien tekijo\u0308iden ja kudostyypin vaikutuksen tutkittuun aiheeseen. Jatkotutkimuksissa tulisi selvitta\u0308a\u0308 etenkin lihaskudoksen DNA-metylaatioika\u0308a\u0308n yhteydessa\u0308 olevia tekijo\u0308ita\u0308.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Physical activity has many health benefits for middle-aged women; for example, improved function of the circulatory system, strengthened bones and a smaller risk of chronic diseases. Physical activity has also been shown to promote healthy aging, and physically active people have a higher life expectancy compared to inactive people. However, it is not yet known, if physical activity is associated with individual biological aging process, which is known to be an interaction between numerous environmental factors and unique genotype. DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism that cells use to control gene expression. It is characterized by the biochemical addition of a methyl group to the cytosine-phosphate-guanine -sites (CpG). The epigenetic clock, also known as DNA methylation age, is a new promising biomarker of biological aging. In most cases DNA methylation age correlates strongly with chronological age. However,DNA methylation age may differ depending on the studied tissue type. Few studies have investigated associations between physical activity and DNA methylation age and these studies have estimated the association in whole body level (blood). The purpose of the study was to investigate, if physical activity is associated with DNA methylation age at whole body level (blood leukocytes) and in skeletal muscle tissue. The second aim was to examine potential differences in DNA methylation age in leukocytes and skeletal muscle tissue with respect to physical activity and to study whether body mass index explains this potential association.\nThe study sample is part of the Estrogenic Regulation of Muscle Apoptosis (ERMA) \u2013study. Current analysis included 30 middle aged women who had taken part in ERMA-study and who had undergone tissue sampling from blood and skeletal muscle and respective DNA methylation age measurements. DNA methylation age of leukocytes and skeletal muscle was calculated from 353 specific CpG-sites known to be associated with aging based on their methylation and using EPIC array analysis. The output was submitted to the online DNA methylation age calculator. The level of physical activity was estimated with validated questionnaire. The normality of the data was examined throughShapiro-Wilktest. The data was analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient, paired T-test and univariate analysis of variance test.\nChronological age had moderate positive correlation with DNA methylation age of leukocytes (r=0,43, p=0,019) but there was no association between chronological age and DNA methylation age in the skeletal muscle (r=0,24, p=0,194). Age acceleration in leukocytes was not associated with amount of physical activity (p=0,444), but age acceleration in skeletal muscle tissue was associated with the level of physical activity (p=0,047). In inactive study participants, age acceleration of skeletal muscle was lower compared to active study participants. After adjusting the model with body mass index, statistically significant difference disappeared (p=0,098).\nInactive study participants\u2019 lower age acceleration of skeletal muscle as a result is a surprising and inconsistent with previous, although very scarce, research data where in most of the cases healthy lifestyles has slowed biological aging. In the future this topic should be studied with larger sample sizes and taking into account several confounding factors and type of human body tissue. Further research is needed to assess factors associated with DNA methylation age in skeletal muscle.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2019-01-15T06:54:05Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2019-01-15T06:54:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2019", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "73", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "DNA-metylaatioika\u0308", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "epigeneettinen kello", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "epigeneettinen ika\u0308a\u0308ntymisnopeus", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "biologinen ika\u0308a\u0308ntyminen", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Vapaa-ajan fyysisen aktiivisuuden yhteys koko kehon ja luustolihasten biologiseen ika\u0308a\u0308n keski-ika\u0308isilla\u0308 naisilla", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201901151194", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Liikunta- ja terveystieteet", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Gerontologia ja kansanterveys", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Gerontology and Public Health", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "50423", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "keski-ik\u00e4", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "fyysinen aktiivisuus", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "ik\u00e4\u00e4ntyminen", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "liikunta", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
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