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[{"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Kaunisto, Noora", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2018-12-17T06:27:56Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2018-12-17T06:27:56Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2012", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/60625", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "El\u00e4inten vankeudessa pitoa tai siirtoja sis\u00e4lt\u00e4v\u00e4t ex-situ suojelumenetelm\u00e4t ovat yleistyneet \nreaktiona el\u00e4inlajien uhanalaistumiseen. Menetelmien heikoista tuloksista johtuen ex-situ \nsuojeluala on kohdannut raskasta kritiikki\u00e4. Rajallisten resurssien vuoksi on olennaista \nselvitt\u00e4\u00e4 ex-situ suojelun kannattavuus tai kehityskelpoisuus verrattuna in-situ suojeluun. \nLaajojen ekologisten ominaisuuksien mukaan vaihteleva ex-situ suojelumenestys voi \nviitata liiaksi perinteisiin ja tarhausasenteisiin nojaaviin menetelmiin ja tarpeeseen kehitt\u00e4\u00e4 \nalaa ekologisesti kest\u00e4v\u00e4mm\u00e4ksi. Kirjallisuuteen perustuvassa tutkimuksessani selvitin, \nmiten vankeudessa pidettyjen el\u00e4inten selviytyminen eroaa luonnosta siirrettyjen \nselviytymisest\u00e4. Tutkin, miten toisaalta taksonomia, ja toisaalta lajin ekologiset \nominaisuudet vaikuttavat siirrettyjen el\u00e4inten selviytymiseen ex-situ menetelmien suhteen. \nPainotin alan el\u00e4inpsykologisia ja k\u00e4ytt\u00e4ytymistieteellisi\u00e4 taustoja. Lyhyiden seuranta-\naikojen vuoksi ainoa toimien onnistumista kuvaava mittari tutkielmassa on el\u00e4inten \nselviytyminen seuranta-ajasta. El\u00e4imist\u00e4 n. 42% selviytyi kulloisenkin seuranta-ajan (k.a. \n751 pv) loppuun. Luonnosta siirretyt el\u00e4imet selviytyiv\u00e4t paremmin kuin vankeudessa \npidetyt. Selviytyminen oli merkitsev\u00e4sti erilaista eri ravinnonk\u00e4ytt\u00f6ryhmiss\u00e4, mutta \nselviytyminen ei vaihdellut taksonomisten jakojen mukaan. Petojen kohdalla \nreviirillisyydell\u00e4 oli merkitsev\u00e4sti negatiivinen vaikutus selviytymiseen. \nVankeudenaikainen koulutus vaikutti negatiivisesti herbivorien selviytymiseen, mutta \npositiivisesti hy\u00f6nteissy\u00f6jien selviytymiseen. Tulokseni viittaavat siihen, ett\u00e4 alan toimien \nja raporttien tulisi mahdollisesti pohjata tarkemmin lajien biologisiin ja ekologisiin \nominaisuuksiin ja tarpeisiin, tarhak\u00e4yt\u00e4nt\u00f6ihin nojaavien, lajikohtaisten \ntoimintaperinteiden sijaan. Erityisen selke\u00e4 vaikutus el\u00e4inten selviytymiseen oli \nkohdealueen kunnostamisella, alueen suojelustatuksella sen sijaan ei ollut vaikutusta. Siten \nalueiden kuntoon tulisi kiinnitt\u00e4\u00e4 suurempaa huomiota, huomioiden selke\u00e4sti siirrett\u00e4v\u00e4n \nlajin ekologiset ominaisuudet ja tarpeet. Kuntoutettujen el\u00e4inten selviytyminen ei eronnut \nmuista, eli loukkaantuneiden el\u00e4inten kuntouttamiseen voisi panostaa. Alan raportointi ja \ntoimenpiteiden kuvaus osoittautui hyvin hajanaiseksi. Tulosteni perusteella olisi \nensiarvoisen t\u00e4rke\u00e4\u00e4 kehitt\u00e4\u00e4 yhten\u00e4iset standardit, mittarit sek\u00e4 raportointik\u00e4yt\u00e4nteet \nel\u00e4inten k\u00e4sittelylle, kohdealueiden kunnostamiselle ja suojelulle sek\u00e4 tulosten \n\n\n 3 \n\nmittaamiselle ja raportoinnille, jotta ex-situ toimien yll\u00e4pito olisi kannattavaa aluekohtaisen \nsuojelun rinnalla.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Due to the current extinction rate of animal species, there has been an increase in the so \ncalled ex-situ conservation programs. In ex-situ programs, animals can be held in captivity \nas a part of conservation plan. Ex-situ programs have faced critique because of the many \nunsolved problems inherent to the procedures. It is essential to retrace whether ex-situ \nconservation can still be seen as an option alongside with in-situ conservation. The aim of \nmy literature based MSc thesis was to find out how the post-release survival of animals \nused in different kind of ex-situ programs differs according to the ecological traits vs. \nspecies related features of the animals, when using different choice of target area, origin of \nthe animals, confinement period, and the chosen release measures. If the post-release \nsurvival of the animals is markedly different among ecologically different groups, one \ncould argue that the measures used are too much based on traditional views and zoo-like \napproaches. And thus incorporating a more ecological approach could advance the field. \nAccording to my survey the monitoring of animals in reviewed programs was very short in \nduration, so the only measure available to judge the success of the projects was the survival \nof the animals. On average 42% of the animals survived the monitoring period (average \n751 days), and captive-held animals survived poorer than wild-born. There were marked \ndifferences in the survival ratios among different trophic levels, but no difference in \nsurvival ratio was found in between taxonomic groups. Territoriality had a negative effect \non predators\u2019 post-release survival. Pre-release training had a negative effect on the \nsurvival of herbivores, but a positive effect on the survival on insectivores. Knowledge of \nthe wider biological and ecological needs of the species in question should therefore be \nincorporated into the conservation programs, instead of counting on taxonomic traditions \ntransmitted from zoos. Rehabilitation of the target area had a markedly positive effect on \nthe animals\u2019 survival, but the conservation status of the area did not. My results underline \nthat assessing the suitability of target areas for ex-situ programs should be done more \nthoroughly, according to the ecology of the species in question. The survival of \nrehabilitated animals did not differ from the survival of those that had not suffered physical \ntrauma. Rehabilitation may then have potential in conserving small populations. The \nreporting of the results and the description of the measures was very varying in the papers. \nTo benefit future projects, current ex-situ procedures should be better reported and \n\n\n 5 \n\nmonitored, with more coherent standards, measurements and concepts for the management \nof animals, the choice of procedures and the choice of target areas.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Miia Hakanen (mihakane@jyu.fi) on 2018-12-17T06:27:55Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-17T06:27:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2012", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "68", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "ex-situ suojelu", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "uudelleenistutus", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "vankeuskasvatus", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "kuntoutus", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Lajikohtaiset perinteet vai laajat ekologiset l\u00e4ht\u00f6kohdat : ex-situ projektien menestys el\u00e4inlajien ja populaatioiden suojelussa", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201812175153", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Bio- ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biological and Environmental Science", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ekologia ja evoluutiobiologia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ecology and evolutionary biology", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "4011", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": 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