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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Takkinen, Ritva", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Ylitalo, Anne", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2018-11-15T07:13:13Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2018-11-15T07:13:13Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2018", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/60188", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Maisterintutkielmani tavoitteena oli selvitt\u00e4\u00e4 viittoman rakenteen ja viittomatilan muutoksia, jotka syntyv\u00e4t kuurosokeiden kaventuneen n\u00e4k\u00f6kent\u00e4n seurauksena. Vertailukohtana k\u00e4ytettiin tavanomaisen suomalaisen viittomakielen rakennetta.\nKaventuneen n\u00e4k\u00f6kent\u00e4n tiedet\u00e4\u00e4n aiheuttavan muutoksia viittomakieleen. Suomalaisessa ja ulkomaisessa viittomakielen tutkimuksessa t\u00e4t\u00e4 tutkimusaihetta ei ole systemaattisesti selvitetty. Lahtinen (2006) on tutkimuksessaan havainnut kaventuneeseen n\u00e4k\u00f6kentt\u00e4\u00e4n viittomisessa k\u00e4simuotojen selventymist\u00e4 ja viittoman liikkeen hidastumista. Viittomakielen variaatiota eri artikulaatiopaikoissa on selvitetty amerikkalaisen viittomakielen tutkimuksessa, mutta tutkimus ei varsinaisesti ole keskittynyt kapean n\u00e4k\u00f6kent\u00e4n viittomakieleen. Maisterintutkielmani on tapaustutkimus, jossa on kaksi Usherin syndroomaa sairastavaa kuurosokeaa keskusteluparia. Aineistosta poimittiin 48 viittomaa, jotka informantit viittoivat vapaassa tilassa kapeassa n\u00e4k\u00f6kent\u00e4ss\u00e4 kesken\u00e4\u00e4n samalla tavalla ja jotka poikkesivat suomalaisen viittomakielen perussanakirjan viittomista. Tutkimuksessani kartoitettiin viittomatilan, k\u00e4sien korkeuden, k\u00e4den, p\u00e4\u00e4n ja vartalon orientaation sek\u00e4 viittoman paikan muuttumista. Analyysini apuna k\u00e4ytin amerikkalaisten Liddellin ja Johnsonin (1989) kehitt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4 foneettista merkitsemisj\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4\u00e4, jonka kautta analysoin viittomien artikulaatiopaikkaa p\u00e4\u00e4n ja vartalon alueella neutraalitilassa. Tutkimusaineiston kaikissa muuttuneissa viittomissa viittomapaikka siirtyy ylemm\u00e4ksi hartioiden tai kasvojen korkeudelle. Viittomat n\u00e4kyv\u00e4t selvemmin vastaanottajalle kaventuneessa n\u00e4k\u00f6kent\u00e4ss\u00e4, kun viitotaan hartioiden korkeudella. My\u00f6s kontaktissa olevat viittomat siirtyiv\u00e4t ylemm\u00e4s. Erityisesti numeraaleissa tapahtui muutoksia viittoman paikassa ja orientaatiossa. K\u00e4simuodon muutos tapahtui vain yhdess\u00e4 viittomassa POLVI, jossa dominoiva k\u00e4si osoittaa passiivisen k\u00e4den etusormen nivelt\u00e4 polven asemasta. Viittoma KOIRA muuttui yksik\u00e4tisest\u00e4 viittomasta kaksik\u00e4tiseksi viittomaksi ja samalla viittomispaikka vaihtui ylemm\u00e4s. Viittoman liikkeen analysointi ei ole kaikilta osin yksiselitteist\u00e4. Aineistosta havaittiin 34 viittomassa liikkeen hidastumista etenkin lukusanojen ja sormiaakkosten viittomissa. Analysoitujen viittomien joukossa ei ollut mainittavia muutoksia ei-manuaalisessa parametrissa, ainoastaan sormiaakkosissa suun liike eli huulio n\u00e4kyi tavallista vahvemmin. Tutkimuksessani pyrittiin ensimm\u00e4ist\u00e4 kertaa systemaattisesti selvitt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n kapean n\u00e4k\u00f6kent\u00e4n aiheuttamia muutoksia viittoman rakenteessa. Tutkimuksen havainnot auttavat tiedostamaan kapean n\u00e4k\u00f6kent\u00e4n kommunikaatioon ja keskusteluun liittyvi\u00e4 ongelmia. Tutkimusta voi my\u00f6s hy\u00f6dynt\u00e4\u00e4 viittomakielen opetuksessa esimerkiksi havainnollistamaan viittomakielen artikulaatiopaikkoja.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "The aim of my master\u2019s thesis was to study changes in the structure of the sign and the signing space, which manifest in the sign language used by deaf-blind persons as a result of their narrowed field of vision, by comparing them with the normal structure of Finnish Sign Language.\nIt is known that a narrowed field of vision alters the sign language. In academic studies that concern Finnish Sign Language, however, this subject of research has not been studied systematically, and detailed information about the subject cannot be found in foreign sign language research either. Having researched the communication of deaf-blind persons, Lahtinen (2006) has observed that when signs are produced in a narrowed field of vision, the hand-shape becomes clearer and the movement of the sign is slower. The variations of sign language in different places of articulation have been studied in research related to American Sign Language, but the research has not specifically focused on sign language that occurs in a narrowed field of vision.\nThis master\u2019s thesis is a case study, which focuses on a conversation between two deaf-blind persons diagnosed with Usher\u2019s syndrome. The material was found to contain 48 deviating signs. This study charts the adjustments that occurred in the signing space, the elevation of hands, the position of the hand, head and body, as well as the location of the sign. The phonetic transcription system developed by American researchers Liddell and Johnson (1989) was used to analyse the locations of signs in the focal sites of head and body in a neutral state.\nIn all the modified signs that were discovered in the research material, the location of the sign moved higher and reached the level of the shoulders or face. A sign that is normally produced at waist-level in open space, for example, is more visible to the receiver in a narrowed field of vision, if the sign is produced at shoulder-level. Signs that use a touch location also moved to a higher level. The handshape was only modified in one sign, POLVI [English: KNEE], in which the dominant hand pointed to the joints of the passive hand\u2019s index finger instead of the knee. Analysis of sign movement, however, is not entirely unambiguous. It was observed that in 34 of the signs recorded in the material, the movement of the sign was slower, and this was most visible in signs used for numerals and the finger alphabet. Only in the case of the finger alphabet, it was observed that the movement of the mouth, meaning the lip area, was more pronounced than normal.\nIn my research, I have attempted for the first time to systematically study changes in sign structure that are caused by a narrow field of vision. The observations described here can be useful in increasing awareness of the problems associated with the communication of deaf-blind persons who possess a narrow field of vision. The research can also be utilized generally in the teaching of sign language as, for example, a demonstration of different places of articulation.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2018-11-15T07:13:13Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-15T07:13:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2018", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "69", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "kapea n\u00e4k\u00f6kentt\u00e4", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Usherin syndrooma", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "artikulaatiopaikka", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "leksikaalinen variaatio", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Viittoman paikka kaventuneessa n\u00e4k\u00f6kent\u00e4ss\u00e4", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201811154712", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Humanistis-yhteiskuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Kieli- ja viestint\u00e4tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Language and Communication Studies", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Suomalainen viittomakieli", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Finnish Sign Language", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "317", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", 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