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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Kujala, Tuomo", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Kein\u00e4nen, Vesa", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2018-05-31T06:35:28Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2018-05-31T06:35:28Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2018", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/58234", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Ilmailun tulevaisuuden arviointi on yksinkertaisempaa lentoliikenteen kasvu- kuin lentoturvallisuuslukujen valossa. Siin\u00e4, miss\u00e4 ilmailuteollisuus teknologian suunnann\u00e4ytt\u00e4j\u00e4n\u00e4 on valmis vastaamaan kompleksisuuden haasteeseen, on ihminen k\u00e4ytt\u00e4j\u00e4n\u00e4 vastuussa ep\u00e4selvyyksien ratkaisemisesta. Teknologialle, ja ihmisellekin, on m\u00e4\u00e4ritett\u00e4viss\u00e4 \u201dvikatiheys\u201d - niin kauan kuin poikkeamat eiv\u00e4t tapahdu yht\u00e4aikaisesti, on jokin turvamekanismi k\u00e4ytett\u00e4viss\u00e4 seurausten minimoimiseksi. \nT\u00e4m\u00e4 tutkimus on tehty jatkumona inhimillisten tekij\u00f6iden (HF, human factors) toimintaymp\u00e4rist\u00f6n kehitt\u00e4miselle; luomaan valmiuksia tulevaisuuden lentoturvallisuustapahtumien kohtaamiseksi. L\u00e4hestymissuunta valittiin k\u00e4\u00e4nteiseksi hyv\u00e4ksyen ehdoitta jokainen 106:ssa \u201dihmismy\u00f6nteisess\u00e4\u201d ilmailun vaaratilanteessa l\u00e4sn\u00e4 ollut ihminen, ja hakien asioita jotka olivat menneet hyvin. Tutkimukseen sis\u00e4ltyy tapauksia vuosilta 2000 - 2016, lent\u00e4ji\u00e4 50 lentotunnista 20000 tuntiin sek\u00e4 ilma-aluksia purjekoneista satoja kertoja raskaampiin kuljetuskoneisiin. Kokonaiskuvan saamiseksi ihmisen toiminnasta palautumisen turvamekanismeja on arvioitu systeemisell\u00e4 tasolla. \nNelj\u00e4ss\u00e4 viidest\u00e4 tapauksesta turvamekanismina on ollut tilanteen mukainen kognitiivinen toiminta joko lent\u00e4jien, lennonjohtajien tai j\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4\u00e4 yll\u00e4pit\u00e4vien ihmisten aktiviteettina. Koska lent\u00e4j\u00e4t kohtaavat turvallisuusuhan kasvotusten, erityisesti heid\u00e4n kognitiiviset strategiansa ja ty\u00f6kuormansa arvioitiin. Tutkimusaineistossa korostuu suoritusteho, joka saavutetaan automaatiotasolla tunnistamalla tilanteen kuvio ja suorittamalla soveltuva taitopohjainen toimenpide. Mik\u00e4li kuvio ei hahmotu esimerkiksi kokemattomuuden vuoksi, on tilanne kohdattava ongelmanratkaisullisena haasteena. Haastekeskeisyys korostaessaan ihmisen kykyj\u00e4 ja suojatessaan stressipohjaiselta kuormitukselta, on keskeinen ajanmukainen koulutusteema. \nT\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa k\u00e4ytetty k\u00e4\u00e4nteinen l\u00e4hestymistapa osoittautui lupaavaksi. Jos viranomainen hy\u00f6dynt\u00e4\u00e4 vastaavaa k\u00e4\u00e4nteisyytt\u00e4, sen voidaan uskoa vaikuttavan yleiseen asenneilmapiiriin uutta keskustelua avaavana. Uutta ja arvokasta HF tietoa on mahdollista saada k\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00f6n jalostettaessa tehty\u00e4 ty\u00f6kuomakoetta, joka osoitti korrelaatiota lopputuleman menestyksellisyyteen. Tulevaisuuden lentoturvallisuustutkimuksen haasteisiin voidaan vastata ottaen k\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00f6n yleisp\u00e4tev\u00e4t HF- ja ty\u00f6kuormaty\u00f6kalut, joita k\u00e4ytett\u00e4isiin ennen kaikkea silloin, kun jokin menee oikein.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Telling the future as air traffic growth numbers is easier than telling it in safety occurrence numbers. At the technological forefront the aviation industry is capable to meet the challenges of increasing complexity where as the human operator is inherently the ambiguity solver. The technology has its \u2018mean time between failure\u2019 and so has the human - as long as these two don\u2019t materialize simultaneously there is a barrier to mitigate the effects of a flaw.\nThis research is made in spirit of continuously improved HF (human factors) framework to meet the future challenges of aviation safety occurrences. A less common angle, inverse investigation, was taken in purpose to embrace the people of 106 \u2018human-friendly\u2019 aviation incidents by locating things that had gone right. The years covered are from 2000 to 2016, including pilots with experience from fifty flight hours to twenty-thousand, and aircraft from gliders to hundreds of times heavier transport aircraft. For the full picture, the human activity as a recovery barrier was identified and analyzed at the systemic level.\nIn four out of five of the cases the contextual cognitive activity of pilots, air traffic controllers or support personnel was found having been the resort of recovery barrier. As pilots intrinsically encounter the actual threats vis-\u00e0-vis, it is their cognitive strategies and workload that was evaluated. The contextual data from the investigation reports highlight the power of automatic pattern recognition followed by matching and executing a corresponding skilled action. If pattern is not recognizable, for example due to low experience, the situation should be approached as a problem solving challenge. The challenge orientation in crisis, emphasizing human capabilities and protecting from the stress-related high cognitive loads, is central as a training goal of the era.\nAs such, the inverse angle used for this investigation was discovered having great potential. Sheer attitude effect, especially when coming from the investigative authority, is expected to open new routes. New HF information with high value may become available when refining the executed workload experiment that indicated potential correlation to successful endings. It is possible to meet the future demand in safety investigation by adopting universal HF and workload tools in use, especially when something goes right.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Miia Hakanen (mihakane@jyu.fi) on 2018-05-31T06:35:28Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-31T06:35:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2018", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "81", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "recovery", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "barrier", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "incident", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "severity", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "HF", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "human factors", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "flight safety", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "When Something Goes Right; Human as Recovery Barrier in Aviation", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201805312932", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Informaatioteknologian tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Information Technology", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Informaatioteknologia", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Information Technology", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Kognitiotiede", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Cognitive Science", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "601", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "ilmailu", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "aviation", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
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