Dijet studies with ALICE at the LHC

Relativistisissa hiukkastörmäyksissä syntyvistä suurenergisistä kvarkeista ja gluoneista, eli partoneista, muodostuvaa hyvin kollimoitunutta hiukkassuihkua kutsutaan jetiksi. Jettien tutkimusta on tehty jo vuosikaudet ja se hallitaan hyvin myös raskasionitörmäyksissä, joissa muodostuvaa kvarkkigluon...

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Main Author: Saarimäki, Oskari
Other Authors: Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta, Faculty of Sciences, Fysiikan laitos, Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylän yliopisto
Format: Master's thesis
Language:eng
Published: 2018
Subjects:
Online Access: https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/57866
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author Saarimäki, Oskari
author2 Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Fysiikan laitos Department of Physics University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto
author_facet Saarimäki, Oskari Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Fysiikan laitos Department of Physics University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto Saarimäki, Oskari Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Fysiikan laitos Department of Physics University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto
author_sort Saarimäki, Oskari
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description Relativistisissa hiukkastörmäyksissä syntyvistä suurenergisistä kvarkeista ja gluoneista, eli partoneista, muodostuvaa hyvin kollimoitunutta hiukkassuihkua kutsutaan jetiksi. Jettien tutkimusta on tehty jo vuosikaudet ja se hallitaan hyvin myös raskasionitörmäyksissä, joissa muodostuvaa kvarkkigluoniplasmaa on pystytty tutkimaan jettien liikemäärähäviöiden avulla. Tämän perusteella on huomattu, että kvarkkigluoniplasma jarruttaa sen läpi kulkevia suurenergisiä partoneita. Jettien lisäksi partonien energiahäviöitä raskasionitörmäyksessä on tutkittu myös dijettien avulla. Dijetti on määritelty törmäyksen kahdesta suurimman energian omaavasta jetistä muodostuvaksi systeemiksi. Aiempien RHIC- ja LHC-kiihdyttimistä saatujen tulosten perusteella nähdään, että dijetin invariantti massa voi olla herkkä raskasionitörmäyksissä muodostuvan kvarkkigluoniplasman aiheuttamille muutoksille, mikä antaa vahvan motivaation aiheen tutkimiselle. Tässä pro gradu -tutkielmassa esitän ensimmäiset tulokset dijettien massajakaumista protoni-lyijy- ja lyijy-lyijy-törmäyksissä massakeskipiste-energialla 5,02 TeV ALICE-kokeelle LHC-kiihdyttimellä. Työssäni olen rekonstruoinut jetit varatuista hiukkasista käyttäen anti-kt jettialgoritmia resoluutioparametrilla R=0,4. Tulosteni mukaan protoni-lyijy-törmäyksissä dijetin massan muutokset verrattuna protoni-protoni-törmäyksiin ovat merkityksettömiä. Vertaamalla lyijy-lyijy-tuloksia protoni-lyijy-tuloksiin näkyy keskeisissä lyijy-lyijy-törmäyksissä mahdollinen muutos yli 100 GeV:n dijetin massan alueella. Kokeessa osa hiukkasista jää havaitsematta, ja havaittujenkin hiukkasten liikemäärä mitataan äärellisellä resoluutiolla. Tämän vuoksi käsittelemätön data täytyy korjata ilmaisimesta johtuvien epäfysikaalisten efektien huomioimiseksi, ja sitä varten käytetään niin kutsuttua unfolding-menetelmää. Tässä työssä esitän tällä menetelmällä korjatut tulokset protoni-lyijy-tapauksessa. Lyijy-lyijy-törmäysten unfolding-menetelmä on vielä kehityksen alla. High energy partons, quarks and gluons, born in relativistic particle collisions create well collimated showers of particles, which are called jets. Jets have been studied for years, and also used widely in heavy ion collisions, where the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) medium forms. Studying jets in heavy ion collisions showed that hard partons lose energy in the QGP medium. Hard parton energy loss has also been studied with dijets. A dijet is a system consisting of two of the most energetic jets in a collision. Previous studies from RHIC and LHC indicate that dijet invariant mass can be sensitive to modifications caused by the QGP medium. In this thesis I present the first measurements of dijet mass distributions in proton-lead and lead-lead collisions at center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. In this work, I have reconstructed jets from charged particles using the anti-kt jet reconstruction algorithm with resolution parameter R=0.4. According to my results, the proton-lead collisions show negligible modification in the dijet mass distribution compared to the proton-proton Monte Carlo simulation results. Comparing the lead-lead results to proton-lead shows possible modifications in the high dijet mass region over 100 GeV. In the experiment some amount of the particles produced are lost to detector inefficiencies. The raw data can be corrected for the inefficiencies, and this procedure is called unfolding. In this thesis I show the unfolded spectra of the proton-lead data, but the lead-lead unfolding needs to be developed so that the jets lost because of the background subtraction get corrected as well.
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spellingShingle Saarimäki, Oskari Dijet studies with ALICE at the LHC relativistinen raskasionitörmäys energiahäviö jettien rekonstruktio dijetin massa ALICE LHC CERN Fysiikka Physics 4021
title Dijet studies with ALICE at the LHC
title_full Dijet studies with ALICE at the LHC
title_fullStr Dijet studies with ALICE at the LHC Dijet studies with ALICE at the LHC
title_full_unstemmed Dijet studies with ALICE at the LHC Dijet studies with ALICE at the LHC
title_short Dijet studies with ALICE at the LHC
title_sort dijet studies with alice at the lhc
title_txtP Dijet studies with ALICE at the LHC
topic relativistinen raskasionitörmäys energiahäviö jettien rekonstruktio dijetin massa ALICE LHC CERN Fysiikka Physics 4021
topic_facet 4021 ALICE CERN Fysiikka LHC Physics dijetin massa energiahäviö jettien rekonstruktio relativistinen raskasionitörmäys
url https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/57866 http://www.urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201805072479
work_keys_str_mv AT saarimäkioskari dijetstudieswithaliceatthelhc