Mass spectrometric analysis of heavy and base oils

Base oil production from crude oil has become more complex as demanded product properties, yield objective and field competition have increased interest in research towards high viscosity index (VI) base oils. Conventional lubricant grade base oil enjoyed biggest market share until 2000-2004 but now...

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Bibliografiset tiedot
Päätekijä: Heininen, Juho
Muut tekijät: Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta, Faculty of Sciences, Kemian laitos, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylän yliopisto
Aineistotyyppi: Pro gradu
Kieli:eng
Julkaistu: 2018
Aiheet:
Linkit: https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/57491
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author Heininen, Juho
author2 Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Kemian laitos Department of Chemistry University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto
author_facet Heininen, Juho Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Kemian laitos Department of Chemistry University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto Heininen, Juho Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Kemian laitos Department of Chemistry University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto
author_sort Heininen, Juho
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description Base oil production from crude oil has become more complex as demanded product properties, yield objective and field competition have increased interest in research towards high viscosity index (VI) base oils. Conventional lubricant grade base oil enjoyed biggest market share until 2000-2004 but now high VHVI product demands have introduced also novel production methods for heavy-type base oils such as Ficsher-Tropsch method based gas-to-liquid (GTL) and poly-internal-olefin (PIO) base oils. In this MSc, different mass spectrometric methods for heavy and base oils where compared and in-house field ionization method was characterized and method validation was begun. Base oil mass analytics uses mainly Fourier transformation ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) and sector mass analyzers with soft ionization methods as well as novel ambient ionization (AI) methods. While heaviest asphaltenes compounds require resolutions that are achievable only by FT-ICR instruments majority of petroleum studies including quantitative fraction studies can be done with more cost-efficient and operator-friendly sector and Orbitrap instruments. Novel AI methods are arguably fastest expanding area of mass spectrometry and provide interesting field to follow also for petroleum analysis. Perusöljyjen vaaditut ominaisuudet, saantotavoitteet ja kilpailu alalla ovat kasvaneet muuttaen perusöljyteollisuuden tuotannon monimutkaisemmaksi ja haastavammaksi lisäten tutkimuksen vaatimuksia kohti korkean viskositeetin perusöljyjä. Tavanomaiset perusöljyt ovat olleet hallitsevassa markkina-asemassa vuoteen 2000-2004 asti, mutta nykyään korkean viskositeetin vaatimukset ovat tuoneet uusia tuotantomenetelmiä, kuten Fischer-Tropsch synteesiin perustuva gas-to-liquid (GTL) tai poly-internal-olefin (PIO) -öljyjä. Pro gradu -työn kirjallisessa osassa esitettiin ja vertailtiin massaspektrometrisia menetelmiä perusöljyjen ja raskaiden öljyjen tutkimiseen. Työn kokeellisessa osassa yrityksen sisäinen kenttäionisaatio (FI) -menetelmä karakterisoitiin ja validointi aloitettiin. Massa-analysaattorina perusöljyanalytiikka käyttää yleisesti Fourier-muunnosta hyödyntäviä ionisyklotroniresistanssi (FT-ICR)- tai sektorianalysaattoreita yhdessä pehmeiden, sekä AI-ionisaatiomenetelmien kanssa. Raskaimpien asfalteenien mittauksen tarvitessa vielä FT-ICR-analysaattoria valtaosa tutkimuksesta voidaan tehdä kustannustehokkaammalla ja käyttäjäystävällisemmällä sektorianalysaattorilla ja enenevissä määrin myös Orbitrap-analysaattorilla. Nopeimmin kasvava ionisaatiomenetelmäalue on AI-menetelmät, jotka pyrkivät ionisoimaan näytteen ilman ylimääräistä esikäsittelyä. AI-menetelmistä useilla pystytään mittaamaan perusöljyn tapaisia yhdisteitä ja AI-menetelmät tarjoavat mielenkiintoisen alueen seurata petrolikemian analyysimenetelmien kannalta.
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spellingShingle Heininen, Juho Mass spectrometric analysis of heavy and base oils Epäorgaaninen ja analyyttinen kemia Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry 4031 öljynjalostus voiteluaineet raskas polttoöljy öljytuotteet tuotekehitys viskositeetti analyysimenetelmät massaspektrometria
title Mass spectrometric analysis of heavy and base oils
title_full Mass spectrometric analysis of heavy and base oils
title_fullStr Mass spectrometric analysis of heavy and base oils Mass spectrometric analysis of heavy and base oils
title_full_unstemmed Mass spectrometric analysis of heavy and base oils Mass spectrometric analysis of heavy and base oils
title_short Mass spectrometric analysis of heavy and base oils
title_sort mass spectrometric analysis of heavy and base oils
title_txtP Mass spectrometric analysis of heavy and base oils
topic Epäorgaaninen ja analyyttinen kemia Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry 4031 öljynjalostus voiteluaineet raskas polttoöljy öljytuotteet tuotekehitys viskositeetti analyysimenetelmät massaspektrometria
topic_facet 4031 Epäorgaaninen ja analyyttinen kemia Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry analyysimenetelmät massaspektrometria raskas polttoöljy tuotekehitys viskositeetti voiteluaineet öljynjalostus öljytuotteet
url https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/57491 http://www.urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201804051926
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