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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Ketola, Tarmo.", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Lindstr\u00f6m, Leena.", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "R\u00e4s\u00e4nen, Emmi", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2018-02-19T18:42:34Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2018-02-19T18:42:34Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2017", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1857968", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/57119", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Ilmastonmuutoksen on odotettu lis\u00e4\u00e4v\u00e4n ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6olosuhteissa tapahtuvien vaihteluiden m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4. Teorian mukaan n\u00e4m\u00e4 vaihtelut voisivat lis\u00e4t\u00e4 vieraslajien levitt\u00e4ytymist\u00e4 uusille alueille, mik\u00e4li ne vaikuttavat ekologisiin ja evolutiivisiin prosesseihin, jotka tekev\u00e4t lajeista menestyksekk\u00e4it\u00e4 vieraslajeja sek\u00e4 paikallisista eli\u00f6yhteis\u00f6ist\u00e4 ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6ist\u00e4 alttiimpia levitt\u00e4ytymiselle. H\u00e4iri\u00f6herkkien alueiden on oletettu olevan otollisia levitt\u00e4ytymiselle, mink\u00e4 lis\u00e4ksi vieraslajit ovat voineet valmiiksi sopeutua siet\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n vaihtelevia olosuhteita alkuper\u00e4isalueellaan. Nopeasti vaihtelevissa ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6olosuhteissa luonnonvalinta voi suosia ominaisuuksia, kuten generalismia, joka auttaa eli\u00f6it\u00e4 sopeutumaan monenlaisiin ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6ihin. N\u00e4m\u00e4 ominaisuudet voivat johtaa vieraslajin parempaan kilpailukykyyn alkuper\u00e4islajeja vastaan, varsinkin jos alkuper\u00e4islajit eiv\u00e4t ole sopeutuneet siet\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6n vaihtelua. Lis\u00e4ksi vieraslajien on oletettu menestyv\u00e4n paremmin niiden ollessa kaukaisempaa sukua alkuper\u00e4islajeille ja sen vuoksi kilpailevan v\u00e4hemm\u00e4n samoista resursseista. T\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa tarkoituksenani oli testata edell\u00e4 mainittuja teorioita ja l\u00f6yt\u00e4\u00e4 ilmi\u00f6it\u00e4, jotka olisivat yleistett\u00e4viss\u00e4 kaikille tutkimuslajeille. Tutkimuksessani levitt\u00e4ytymismenestys tarkoitti vieraslajipopulaation kyky\u00e4 syrj\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 sit\u00e4 vastaan kilpailevan lajin populaatio. Bakteerilajeja, joiden populaatiot olivat kehittyneet joko tasaisessa tai vaihtelevassa l\u00e4mp\u00f6tilassa kilpailutettiin Serratia marcescens vieraslajibakteeria vastaan, jonka populaatiot olivat my\u00f6s kehittyneet joko tasaisessa tai vaihtelevassa l\u00e4mp\u00f6tilassa, ja l\u00e4mp\u00f6tila levitt\u00e4ytymisen aikana oli samalla tavoin joko tasainen tai vaihteleva. Lis\u00e4ksi kilpailijalajit olivat vaihtelevissa m\u00e4\u00e4rin sukua vieraslajille. Kokeen tulokset osoittautuivat herkiksi kilpailijalajin identiteetille, mik\u00e4 saattoi johtua voimakkaammasta kilpailusta l\u00e4heist\u00e4 sukua olevien lajien v\u00e4lill\u00e4. Useimpien lajien tapauksessa vaihteleva l\u00e4mp\u00f6tila levitt\u00e4ytymisen aikana kasvatti vieraslajin menestyst\u00e4. Yll\u00e4tt\u00e4en vieraslajin kehitys vaihtelevassa l\u00e4mp\u00f6tilassa ei parantanut merkitsev\u00e4sti sen levitt\u00e4ytymismenestyst\u00e4. Sen sijaan vaihtelevassa l\u00e4mp\u00f6tilassa luonnonvalinta voisi mahdollisesti valita generalisteja, jotka menestyv\u00e4t hyvin my\u00f6s ep\u00e4optimaalisissa olosuhteissa. S. marcescens menestyi parhaiten my\u00f6s silloin, kun sen kilpailijalaji ei ollut sopeutunut siet\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n l\u00e4mp\u00f6tilavaihtelua, mutta t\u00e4h\u00e4n tulokseen yhdell\u00e4 kilpailijalajeista oli vahva vaikutus. Tulosteni perusteella tulisi tulevaisuudessa sek\u00e4 vieraslajin ett\u00e4 sen paikallisten kilpailijoiden ja levitt\u00e4ytymisen aikaisen ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6n ominaisuudet huomioida yhdess\u00e4, kun halutaan ennustaa vieraslajien menestyst\u00e4 vaihtelevissa olosuhteissa.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "The global climate change is presumed to increase the amount of fluctuations in the environmental conditions. According to the theory, this could increase the amount of species invasion into new areas if fluctuations affect the ecological and evolutionary processes that make species successful as invaders, and native communities and their environments more susceptible to invasions. Disturbed environments are assumed to be more prone to invasions and the fluctuations in invasive species\u2019 home range could pre-adapt them to tolerate similar conditions elsewhere. Under fluctuating conditions, natural selection could potentially favor traits like generalism, which is profitable in adaptation to wide range of conditions. These attributes could lead to better competitive ability of the invader against the native species, especially if the native species are mal-adapted to tolerate fluctuating conditions. Moreover, the distant relatedness between the invasive species and its native competitors is hypothesized to reduce their competition for the same resources and so increase the success of the invader. I tested these theories of how fast environmental fluctuations and relatedness of species could affect the invasion success, with my aim to find effects that would be generalizable over the species. In this study, the invasion success meant the ability of the invader population to competitively displace the population of its competitor species. Bacterial species that had evolved in stable or fluctuating temperature were competed against the dominant bacterial invader Serratia marcescens, which had also evolved in stable or fluctuating temperature and the invasions were initiated in environments with similarly stable or fluctuating temperature. In addition, the competitor species were differently related to the invader. My results indicated strong species-specific effects on invasion success, which could be due to the more intense competition detected between closely related species. For most of the species, the rapid temperature fluctuations during invasion made invasions more successful. Unexpectedly, the evolution in the fluctuating environment did not significantly enhance the success of S. marcescens. Instead, my study showed that under fast fluctuations, natural selection could select for generalist genotypes, which invade better also in suboptimal environments. I found the superiority of S. marcescens also when its competitor species had mal-adapted to tolerate thermal fluctuations, but this result was strongly affected by one species. Overall, my results indicate that in the future, the traits of the invader, the attributes of its native competitors and the environmental conditions during invasion need to be considered together when predicting the success of the invasive species under fluctuating conditions.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Emmi R\u00e4s\u00e4nen (emjorasa) on 2018-02-19 18:42:33.771306. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). JyX data: [jyx_publishing-allowed (fi) =True]", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija.group@korppi.jyu.fi) on 2018-02-19T18:42:34Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201802191537.pdf: 661569 bytes, checksum: ac340a3aa3cebb5f91420f683b47aea0 (MD5)\nlicense.html: 4863 bytes, checksum: aa240f2becbefa5c88b37ba7670a946d (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-19T18:42:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201802191537.pdf: 661569 bytes, checksum: ac340a3aa3cebb5f91420f683b47aea0 (MD5)\nlicense.html: 4863 bytes, checksum: aa240f2becbefa5c88b37ba7670a946d (MD5)\n Previous issue date: 2017", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "1 verkkoaineisto (27 sivua)", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Bakteeri", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Evoluutio", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Fylogeneettinen et\u00e4isyys", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Ilmastonmuutos", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Kilpailu", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "L\u00e4mp\u00f6tilan vaihtelu", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Vieraslaji", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "The effect of environmental fluctuations on the invasion success of bacterial invader Serratia marcescens", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201802191537", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Bio- ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": 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