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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Nissinen, Maija", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Ottenhall, Anna", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Sepp\u00e4nen, Tiinamari", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2017-11-21T08:14:39Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2017-11-21T08:14:39Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2017", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1802822", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/55947", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Puhdas juomavesi julistetiin ihmisoikeudeksi Yhdistyneiden kansakuntien (YK) yleiskokouksessa vuonna 2010. Juomaveden kontaminoituminen bakteereilla on yleisin vesiper\u00e4inen uhka aiheuttaen useita sairauksia, kuten koleraa ja ripulia, ja se voi johtaa jopa kuolemaan. Maailman terveysj\u00e4rjest\u00f6 (WHO) arvioi, ett\u00e4 vuonna 2015 maailmanlaajuisesti 884 miljoonalla ihmisell\u00e4 ei ollut mahdollisuutta saada riitt\u00e4v\u00e4\u00e4 m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4 puhdasta juomavett\u00e4. Yksi YK:n kest\u00e4v\u00e4n kehityksen tavoiteohjelma Agenda2030:n tavoitteista onkin varmistaa turvallisen ja edullisen juomaveden saanti kaikille. \r\n\r\nPro gradu -tutkielman tarkoituksena oli kehitt\u00e4\u00e4 antibakteerinen selluloosavaahto, jota voisi k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 kannettavissa vedensuodattimissa. Tavoitteena oli l\u00f6yt\u00e4\u00e4 sopivat materiaalit niin, ett\u00e4 selluloosavaahto olisi kest\u00e4v\u00e4n periaatteiden mukainen. Vaahdon tuli olla antibakteerinen kontakti-aktiivisella mekanismilla. Selluloosavaahto valmistettiin yksinkertaisella vaahtorainausprosessilla, jossa kitosaania ja sitruunahappoa lis\u00e4ttiin vaahdotettavaan vesi-kuituseokseen sen saamiseksi antibakteeriseksi ja vedenkest\u00e4v\u00e4ksi. Natriumlauryylisulfaattia k\u00e4ytettiin vaahtoavana tensidin\u00e4. Polyvinyyliamiinia, jolla tiedet\u00e4\u00e4n olevan antibakteerisia ominaisuuksia, lis\u00e4ttiin joihinkin vaahtoihin vertailun vuoksi.\r\n\r\nTutkimuksissa todettiin, ett\u00e4 kitosaania ja sitruunahappoa k\u00e4ytt\u00e4m\u00e4ll\u00e4 on mahdollista tuottaa vedenkest\u00e4v\u00e4 ja antibakteerinen selluloosavaahto. Testit osoittivat, ett\u00e4 kitosaania ja sitruunahappoa sis\u00e4lt\u00e4v\u00e4 pesty selluloosavaahto poistaa 98,99 \u00b1 0,36 % bakteereista. FTIR-analyysi ja antibakteeriset testit todistivat, ett\u00e4 kitosaani tekee vaahdon antibakteeriseksi ja ylim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4inen sitruunahappo vuotaa pesem\u00e4tt\u00f6mist\u00e4 vaahdoista poistaen 100 % bakteereista. Kitosaania ja sitruunahappoa sis\u00e4lt\u00e4v\u00e4\u00e4 vaahtoa verrattiin vaahtoon, joka sis\u00e4lsi edellisten lis\u00e4ksi polyvinyyliaminia. Polyvinyyliamini ei n\u00e4ytt\u00e4nyt vaikuttavan vaahdon vedenkest\u00e4vyyteen tai lis\u00e4\u00e4v\u00e4n sen antibakteerisuutta.\r\n \r\nPestyst\u00e4 kitosaania ja sitruunahappoa sis\u00e4lt\u00e4v\u00e4st\u00e4 vaahdosta tehty suodatin suodatti 71,98 \u00b1 6,33 % bakteereista. Polyvinyyliaminia, kitosaania ja sitruunahappoa sis\u00e4lt\u00e4v\u00e4 vaahto suodatti 94,73 \u00b1 5,08 % bakteereista. Vedenpuhdistuksen lis\u00e4ksi t\u00e4t\u00e4 biopohjaista selluloosavaahtoa voisi k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 my\u00f6s muihin tarkoituksiin, kuten pakkausmateriaaliksi.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Water is fundamental to human development and health. Access to safe water is recognized as a human right by the United Nations General Assembly. Contamination of the water with bacteria is the most common water-borne threat leading to several severe diseases and even to death. Still, World Health Organization estimated that 844 million people worldwide lack access to basic drinking water services in 2015. \r\n\r\nThe aim of the project was to develop antibacterial cellulose foam, which could be used as a portable water filter. The goal was to find adequate materials so that the foam would be sustainable and safe for the environment and users and antibacterial via contact-active mechanism. Foam was chosen as a filter type, since it has high surface area, which is desirable for contact-active antibacterial materials. Cellulose foam was made by simple one batch foam forming process, in which chitosan and citric acid were added to cellulose to provide antibacterial properties and water stability for the foam. Sodium dodecyl sulfate was used as a foaming agent. Polyvinylamine (PVAm), which is known to have antibacterial properties, was added on some of the foams to see if the antibacterial effects increase.\r\n\r\nIt was concluded that it is possible to produce water stable and antibacterial foam using chitosan and citric acid. Antibacterial tests showed that foam containing citric acid and chitosan had 98.99 \u00b1 0.36 % bacterial reduction. The FTIR analysis and antibacterial tests show that chitosan is the antibacterial agent in the washed foams, working via contact-active mechanism. It was observed that excess citric acid leached from the non-washed wet foams causing bacterial reduction of 100 %, but the citric acid was removed during washing. Chitosan and citric acid containing foam was compared with the foam containing PVAm along with them. PVAm did not seem to increase the antibacterial effect or the water stability of the foam. \r\n\r\nFilter made of washed chitosan and citric acid containing foam had bacteria reduction of 71.98 \u00b1 6.33 % The bacterial reduction was 94.73 \u00b1 5.08 % for the foam containing PVAm, chitosan and citric acid. In addition of water purification, this bio-based foam material has potential for other purposes where antibacterial properties and water stability are desired, such as a packaging material.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Tiinamari Sepp\u00e4nen (tiansepp) on 2017-11-21 08:14:37.546645. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). JyX data: [jyx_publishing-allowed (fi) =False]", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija.group@korppi.jyu.fi) on 2017-11-21T08:14:39Z\r\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\r\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201711214313.pdf: 8895581 bytes, checksum: cbccca705a5bb5811eb25993ed4e0164 (MD5)\r\nlicense.html: 1148 bytes, checksum: 0f7912fca636e2310778f7d36406d2e0 (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-21T08:14:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\r\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201711214313.pdf: 8895581 bytes, checksum: cbccca705a5bb5811eb25993ed4e0164 (MD5)\r\nlicense.html: 1148 bytes, checksum: 0f7912fca636e2310778f7d36406d2e0 (MD5)\r\n Previous issue date: 2017", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "1 verkkoaineisto (62 sivua)", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "antibakteeriset aineet", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "water purification", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "antibacterial", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "bio-based", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "foam", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "cellulose", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "chitosan", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Novel antibacterial cellulose foam filter for water purification", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201711214313", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master's thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Kemian laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Chemistry", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Orgaaninen kemia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Organic Chemistry", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.updated", "value": "2017-11-21T08:14:39Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "updated", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": 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"dc.subject.yso", "value": "selluloosa", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "kitosaani", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "Aineistoon p\u00e4\u00e4sy\u00e4 on rajoitettu tekij\u00e4noikeussyist\u00e4. Aineisto on luettavissa Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopiston kirjaston arkistoty\u00f6asemalta. Ks. https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/fi/tyoskentelytilat/laitteet-ja-tilat.", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "This material has a restricted access due to copyright reasons. It can be read at the workstation at Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 University Library reserved for the use of archival materials: https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/en/workspaces/facilities.", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}]
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