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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Halme, Panu", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Komonen, Atte", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Kokkonen, Miia", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2017-09-16T06:54:23Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2017-09-16T06:54:23Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2017", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1723764", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/55377", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Ihmisen aiheuttamat muutokset elinymp\u00e4rist\u00f6iss\u00e4 ovat aiheuttaneet suurta monimuotoisuuden v\u00e4henemist\u00e4 globaalisti. Vaikka luonnonsuojelua on alettu vaatia kansainv\u00e4lisess\u00e4 politiikassakin, toiminta ja tieto eri lajiryhmien ja ekosysteemien v\u00e4lill\u00e4 on ep\u00e4tasaisesti jakautunutta. Trooppiset sademets\u00e4t ovat yksi maapallon monimuotoisuuden kuumista pisteist\u00e4, mutta my\u00f6s siell\u00e4 monet lajiryhm\u00e4t tunnetaan todella huonosti. Etenkin trooppisten sienten ekologiasta on v\u00e4h\u00e4n tietoa, vaikka tiedet\u00e4\u00e4n, ett\u00e4 niill\u00e4 on ekosysteemin toiminnan kannalta t\u00e4rke\u00e4 rooli. Eli\u00f6yhteis\u00f6 ja sen ominaisuuksia s\u00e4\u00e4telev\u00e4t mekanismit tulisi tuntea, jotta koko ekosysteemin toimintaa voisi ymm\u00e4rt\u00e4\u00e4 ja suojelutoimet kohdistaa tehokkaasti. Eli\u00f6yhteis\u00f6n ominaisuuksiin vaikuttavat muun muassa lajiutuminen ja levi\u00e4minen, elinymp\u00e4rist\u00f6n olosuhteet ja resurssit sek\u00e4 lajienv\u00e4liset vuorovaikutukset. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen kohteena olivat Atlantin sademets\u00e4n k\u00e4\u00e4v\u00e4t Kaakkois-Brasiliassa. Tutkimuksessa selvitettiin alueen k\u00e4\u00e4p\u00e4lajisto, tutkittiin millaisilla kasvualustoilla lajit viihtyv\u00e4t, vaikuttaako lahopuun monimuotoisuus k\u00e4\u00e4p\u00e4lajiston monimuotoisuuteen sek\u00e4 kuinka samanlaisia toistensa kanssa k\u00e4\u00e4p\u00e4yhteis\u00f6t olivat tutkimusalueen eri osissa. K\u00e4\u00e4p\u00e4lajistoa inventoitiin 2,3 hehtaarin alueella noin 400 hehtaarin laajuisessa mets\u00e4ss\u00e4. Lahopuista mitattiin runkomuuttujia kuten koko, lahoaste ja kuoren peitt\u00e4vyys. Kaikkiaan tutkimuksessa havaittiin 53 k\u00e4\u00e4p\u00e4lajia. Suurin osa mitatuista runkomuuttujista ei selitt\u00e4nyt k\u00e4\u00e4pien esiintymist\u00e4, mutta lahoaste vaikutti siten, ett\u00e4 k\u00e4\u00e4pi\u00e4 kasvoi enemm\u00e4n keskim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4isesti tai paljon lahonneilla rungoilla verrattuna tuoreisiin lahopuihin. Sen sijaan lahopuun monimuotoisuus ei selitt\u00e4nyt k\u00e4\u00e4p\u00e4lajiston monimuotoisuutta. Lahopuu on yksi luonnontilaisen mets\u00e4n tunnuspiirteist\u00e4 ja aiemmista tutkimuksista tiedet\u00e4\u00e4n, ett\u00e4 luonnontilaisessa sademets\u00e4ss\u00e4 k\u00e4\u00e4p\u00e4lajisto on runsaampi kuin k\u00e4sitellyiss\u00e4 metsiss\u00e4. Suuremmalla aineistolla k\u00e4\u00e4p\u00e4lajiston yhteys lahopuun monimuotoisuuteen olisikin voinut olla helpompi havaita. Lajiston vaihtuvuus sek\u00e4 tutkimusalueiden sis\u00e4ll\u00e4 ett\u00e4 niiden v\u00e4lill\u00e4 olivat suurta. Spatiaalinen monimuotoisuuden vaihtelu koostui lajiston tasaisesta muuttumisesta sen sijaan, ett\u00e4 havaittu monimuotoisuus olisi ollut pesitt\u00e4ist\u00e4. Alueiden v\u00e4liset erot lajikoostumuksessa johtuvat todenn\u00e4k\u00f6isesti mets\u00e4n rakenteen monipuolisuudesta tai k\u00e4\u00e4pien levi\u00e4misekologiasta eiv\u00e4tk\u00e4 kasvualustavaatimuksista tai systemaattisesta elinymp\u00e4rist\u00f6n vaihtumisesta toisenlaiseksi. T\u00e4m\u00e4n ty\u00f6n tulokset ovat samansuuntaisia niiden muutaman tutkimuksen kanssa, joita Atlantin sademetsist\u00e4 on tehty. K\u00e4\u00e4pien suojelemiseksi olisikin t\u00e4rke\u00e4\u00e4 s\u00e4ilytt\u00e4\u00e4 monipuolisen lahopuun lis\u00e4ksi my\u00f6s muita mets\u00e4n rakenteeseen vaikuttavia piirteit\u00e4 Atlantin sademetsiss\u00e4.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Human-driven environmental changes have caused massive and global biodiversity loss. There have been conservation actions since the international contracts were agreed, but the actions are largely biased towards certain species groups and ecosystems. Tropical rainforests are one of the Earth\u2019s biodiversity hotspots and a hot topic of interest, but the research in some species groups is limited. Especially the ecological knowledge of tropical fungi remains little, even though it is known that they have functionally important role in the nutrient cycle. In order to understand the ecosystem dynamics and to target the conservation measures effectively, we should know not only the community composition, but also the mechanisms affecting the community properties in the ecosystem. Factors such as speciation and dispersal, environmental conditions, resources and species interactions define the community properties at different scales. In this study, I studied the Atlantic rainforest polypores in Southeast Brazil. My aim was to conduct the species list and to study what are the substrate preferences of the polypores in that community, does the deadwood diversity affect the polypore species diversity, and how similar to each other are the polypore communities in that particular forest. I surveyed the polypore community in 2.3 hectares area in over 400 ha forest and listed the trunk variables such as deadwood size, decay stage and bark cover from the deadwood. Altogether I detected 53 polypore species. Most of the trunk variables did not explain the polypore occurrence, but the decay stage affected so that there were more polypores growing on the trunks at intermediate or late decay stages, in comparison to freshly fallen ones. The deadwood diversity did not explain the polypore diversity. It is known that there is higher polypore species richness in more natural tropical forests, and the high deadwood diversity is one characteristic of a natural forest. With larger data the connection between polypore and deadwood diversity would have been more detectable. The similarities both within and between the surveyed areas were very low. The beta diversity consisted of community turnover and no pattern of nestedness was detected. Therefore the community differences are probably the result of heterogeneity in the forest structure and dispersal ecology of the polypores, instead of systematic environmental gradients or substrate limitations. All in all, these results are parallel with previous studies done in Atlantic rainforest, and this study enhances the knowledge about tropical polypores in the threatened Atlantic rainforest ecosystem. This study suggests that to maintain the polypore diversity in the forest, all the factors that increase the forest naturalness, should be preserved, including the deadwood diversity.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Miia Kokkonen (mipakokk) on 2017-09-16 06:54:21.092100. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). 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