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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Pakkanen, Hannu", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Sneck, Annika", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2017-06-20T12:05:11Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2017-06-20T12:05:11Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2017", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1704000", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/54603", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Tutkielmassa perehdyt\u00e4\u00e4n nestekromatografian k\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00f6n l\u00e4\u00e4keaineanalytiikassa. Korkean erotuskyvyn nestekromatografia (HPLC) on suosittu menetelm\u00e4 l\u00e4\u00e4keaineiden analysoinneissa, esimerkiksi pitoisuuksien tai ep\u00e4puhtauksien m\u00e4\u00e4rityksiss\u00e4. HPLC-menetelm\u00e4t voidaan luokitella useisiin alalajeihin ja k\u00e4\u00e4nteisfaasinestekromatografia (RP-HPLC) on niist\u00e4 suosituin l\u00e4\u00e4keaineanalytiikassa.\r\nT\u00e4ss\u00e4 kirjallisuuskatsauksessa k\u00e4sitell\u00e4\u00e4n erityisesti nopeaa nestekromatografiaa. Analyysimenetelmi\u00e4 voidaan nopeuttaa sopivan kolonnin avulla. Tavanomainen HPLC-ajo on mahdollista toteuttaa lyhyemm\u00e4ss\u00e4 ajassa k\u00e4ytt\u00e4m\u00e4ll\u00e4 lyhytt\u00e4 kolonnia tai kolonnia, jossa partikkelikoko on pieni. Kuitenkin tehokkain tapa on k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 kiinte\u00e4ytimist\u00e4 kolonnia. Jos ultrakorkean erotuskyvyn nestekromatografian (UHPLC) vaatimat laitteistot ovat saatavilla, niin useimmat tavanomaiset HPLC-menetelm\u00e4t voidaan muuntaa UHPLC-menetelmiksi eiv\u00e4tk\u00e4 l\u00e4\u00e4keaineanalyysien laatuvaatimukset k\u00e4rsi.\r\nTy\u00f6ss\u00e4 esitell\u00e4\u00e4n useita detektoreita, joita voidaan k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 yhdess\u00e4 HPLC:n kanssa. Ultraviolettis\u00e4teilyn (UV) absorption mittaamiseen k\u00e4ytetyt UV/Vis- ja fotodiodirividetektorit (PDA) ovat yleisimmin k\u00e4ytettyj\u00e4 detektoreita. Tutkielmassa kuitenkin keskityt\u00e4\u00e4n tarkastelemaan ja vertailemaan aerosolipohjaisia detektoreita johtuen niiden universaalista luonteesta; ne saavat aikaan vasteen mist\u00e4 tahansa yhdisteest\u00e4. Kirjallisuuskatsauksessa esitellyt aerosolipohjaiset detektorit ovat varautuneen aerosolin detektori (CAD), haihduttava valonsirontadetektori (ELSD) sek\u00e4 kondensaationukleaatio valonsirontadetektori (CNLSD). Ty\u00f6ss\u00e4 esitell\u00e4\u00e4n useita kirjallisuusesimerkkej\u00e4 aerosolipohjaisten detektoreiden k\u00e4yt\u00f6st\u00e4 l\u00e4\u00e4keaineanalytiikassa. Kirjallisuusl\u00e4hteiden perusteella detektorit kykeniv\u00e4t havaitsemaan l\u00e4\u00e4keaineyhdisteet riitt\u00e4v\u00e4ll\u00e4 tarkkuudella ja herkkyydell\u00e4. Kuitenkin k\u00e4ytett\u00e4ess\u00e4 CAD- ja CNLSD-detektoreita saatiin parempia tuloksia kuin k\u00e4ytett\u00e4ess\u00e4 ELSD-detektoria. Toisaalta kirjallisuuden mukaan CNLSD-detektori saattaa olla monimutkainen k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 ja sill\u00e4 saadut tulokset riippuvat analyytist\u00e4, joten CAD-detektori on usein parempi vaihtoehto l\u00e4\u00e4keaineiden analytiikassa.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "This work is discussing the liquid chromatography (LC) in pharmaceutical analytics. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is the popular technique for pharmaceutical analyses, like for example assay and impurities determination. There are many HPLC types, from which reversed-phase chromatography is the most widely used in pharmaceutical analyses.\r\nFast liquid chromatography is discussed in this literary part. Methods can be speeded up by using appropriates columns. The conventional HPLC method is possible to be speeded up using short columns or columns with small particle packing. The most effective way is to use the core-shell column. If the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) technique is available, most of the conventional LC methods can be transferred to extra fast separation LC methods without losing required characteristics in pharmaceutical analysis. \r\nWork presents several detectors that are possible to be coupled with the liquid chromatography. The common detectors are UV/Vis detectors and photodiode array detectors (PDA). Work focuses on the aerosol-based detectors and comparison of their performance because these detectors are universal: the giving response is for any analyte, not only for a certain class of compounds. The aerosol-based detectors are charged aerosol detector (CAD), evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) and condensation nucleation light scattering detector CNLSD (nano quantity analyte detector, NQAD). Many literature examples of the detector performance are presented.\r\nEach aerosol-based detector is practical solution for detection of universal compounds and each one detected all pharmaceutical compounds with sufficient accuracy and sensitivity in the discussed studies. However, CAD and CNLSD/NQAD have better characteristic results, like accuracy and sensitivity than ELSD. But, CAD may be easier to operate than CNLSD/NQAD, which may be complex to operate and it may have tendency to analyte dependent.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Annika Sneck (anmasnec) on 2017-06-20 12:05:11.161015. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). JyX data: [jyx_publishing-allowed (fi) =True]", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija.group@korppi.jyu.fi) on 2017-06-20T12:05:11Z\r\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\r\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201706202975.pdf: 1430447 bytes, checksum: 8e127eaabd54ba0f08eea12e61cd9985 (MD5)\r\nlicense.html: 4803 bytes, checksum: 4d9f57b36289a31cce9214d9f29a794d (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-20T12:05:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\r\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201706202975.pdf: 1430447 bytes, checksum: 8e127eaabd54ba0f08eea12e61cd9985 (MD5)\r\nlicense.html: 4803 bytes, checksum: 4d9f57b36289a31cce9214d9f29a794d (MD5)\r\n Previous issue date: 2017", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "1 verkkoaineisto (65 sivua)", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Liquid Chromatography", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": 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