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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Ihalainen, Pasi", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Niiranen, Susanna", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Lakka, Jemina", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2017-06-15T06:55:42Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2017-06-15T06:55:42Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2017", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1703902", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/54509", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Vuonna 1995 Irlannin tasavallan hallitus p\u00e4\u00e4tti pit\u00e4\u00e4 jo toistamiseen kansan\u00e4\u00e4nestyksen avioeron laillistamisesta. Ensimm\u00e4ist\u00e4 kertaa kansan\u00e4\u00e4nestys oli pidetty asian tiimoilta vuonna 1986. T\u00e4ll\u00f6in lakiehdotus ei mennyt l\u00e4pi yli 60 % \u00e4\u00e4nest\u00e4ess\u00e4 sit\u00e4 vastaan. Vuonna 1995 tilanne oli kuitenkin toinen, ja lakiehdotus meni l\u00e4pi vajaalla 9 000 \u00e4\u00e4nell\u00e4.\r\nIrlanti oli ollut hyvin konservatiivinen valtio, jonka perustuslaki oli taannut valtion suojelevan perhett\u00e4 yhteiskunnan t\u00e4rkeimp\u00e4n\u00e4 instituutiona. T\u00e4m\u00e4 johtui valtion ja katolilaisen kirkon hyvin tiiviist\u00e4 suhteesta. Katolilainen kirkko oli varmistanut asemansa Irlannissa vuonna 1937, jolloin sen erikoisasema kirjattiin perustuslakiin. T\u00e4t\u00e4 ei muutettu kuin vasta vuonna 1973, jolloin sen erityisasema poistettiin kansan\u00e4\u00e4nestyksen j\u00e4lkeen. Mit\u00e4 t\u00e4m\u00e4 katolilainen erityisasema tarkoitti suhteessa perheeseen, oli ett\u00e4 ainoastaan avioliiton kautta muodostettu perhe oli oikea. Se tarkoitti my\u00f6s naisen alisteista asemaa perheess\u00e4. Naisen paikan koettiin olevan kotona \u00e4itin\u00e4, ja oli olemassa erilaisia rajoituksia koskien aviollisten naisten palkkaamista. T\u00e4m\u00e4 suhde katolilaisen kirkon ja valtion v\u00e4lill\u00e4 alkoi muuttua 1970 -luvulla. Silloin Irlannista tuli osa EY:t\u00e4, ja massamedia alkoi levitt\u00e4yty\u00e4. My\u00f6s ulkomaalaiset yritykset kiinnostuivat Irlannista, ja heid\u00e4n palkatessa naisia, naisten asema alkoi my\u00f6s muuttua.\r\nN\u00e4ill\u00e4 muutoksilla oli my\u00f6s vaikutus avioliittoon. Avioliiton mielt\u00e4minen pyh\u00e4ksi asiaksi oli murroksessa. Perheen hylk\u00e4yksist\u00e4 tuli arkip\u00e4iv\u00e4\u00e4, ja laillisen avioeron ollessa mahdoton, eronneet alkoivat muodostaa uusia perheit\u00e4 ilman mink\u00e4\u00e4nlaista oikeusturvaa. My\u00f6s nuorten kiinnostus avioitua oli laskussa, ja t\u00e4ss\u00e4 vaiheessa hallitus p\u00e4\u00e4tti, ett\u00e4 oli aika tehd\u00e4 asialle jotain.\r\nTutkielmani tarkastelee avioero-k\u00e4sitteen muutosta ja muutoksen syit\u00e4 kyseisin\u00e4 vuosina. T\u00e4t\u00e4 varten on valittu kolme diskurssia, joiden kautta avioeroa ja avioliittoa tarkastellaan. N\u00e4m\u00e4 kolme diskurssia ovat talous, uskonto, ja naiset sek\u00e4 lapset. N\u00e4iden diskurssien avulla pyrin osoittamaan kuinka naisten aseman muutoksella, talouden kasvulla sek\u00e4 uskonnollisella hiipumisella oli vaikutus avioero-diskurssiin niin ett\u00e4 se meni l\u00e4pi vuonna 1995. Alkuper\u00e4isl\u00e4htein\u00e4 t\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa on k\u00e4ytetty parlamenttikeskusteluja sek\u00e4 katolilaisen kirkon kannanottoja.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "In 1995, the Republic of Ireland\u2019s government decided to hold a referendum on divorce. This was the second time this referendum was to be held, the first being held in 1986. At that time, the proposed divorce legislation did not go through with over 60 % voting against it, but in 1995 the legislation passed with a difference of 9 000 votes.\r\nIreland had been a religious society with a Constitution that stated that the State would protect the family as the main unit of the Irish society. This was due to a close relationship that the Irish state had with the Catholic Church. The relationship between the Catholic Church and the State was first legalized in 1937, when Catholic Church\u2019s special position was written in the Constitution. It held that position until 1973, when it was removed after a referendum. What this special position of the Catholic Church meant in relation to family was that only families that were based on marriage were perceived to be proper ones. It also meant the subordinate role of the wife and mother. Woman\u2019s place was deemed to be at home taking care of the family, and there were different restrictions on employing married women. This relationship between the Church and the State started to gradually change from the 1970s, when Ireland joined the EEC and mass media became more popular. Also, foreign companies started to come into the country, and with them hiring married women, the women\u2019s position changed.\r\nThese changes had an effect on the marriage institution. Desertions were becoming regular, and with no legal divorce available, separated spouses started to form new illegitimate second families that had no legal protection. On top of that, annual marriage rates had started to decrease due to young people not seeing marriage as a favorable option no longer. That was when the Irish government decided that something must be done to secure the marriage institution once again.\r\nWhat this study will show is how and why the concept of divorce changed between the referendum years. For this to happen, three different discourses have been used. These discourses are religion, women and children, and economy. With these discourses, it was visible that women\u2019s emancipation, the growth in economy and religious fading all effected the divorce discourses in such a way that the legislation could pass. The sources used were consisted of public", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Jemina Lakka (jesasola) on 2017-06-15 06:55:41.732826. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). JyX data: [jyx_publishing-allowed (fi) =True]", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija.group@korppi.jyu.fi) on 2017-06-15T06:55:42Z\r\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\r\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201706152894.pdf: 1331651 bytes, checksum: 0013f050030ecfcff507f005eece3dbe (MD5)\r\nlicense.html: 5007 bytes, checksum: 401bc2e3f6b29bb4356f6a5b02be5402 (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-15T06:55:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\r\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201706152894.pdf: 1331651 bytes, checksum: 0013f050030ecfcff507f005eece3dbe (MD5)\r\nlicense.html: 5007 bytes, checksum: 401bc2e3f6b29bb4356f6a5b02be5402 (MD5)\r\n Previous issue date: 2017", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "1 verkkoaineisto (93 sivua)", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "the Republic of Ireland", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "divorce", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "marriage", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Catholicism", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "secularization", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Catholic Church", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "economy", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "religion", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "woman\u2019s position", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "discourse", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "conceptualization", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "contextualization", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "\"-society is changing and, if divorce is introduced, it will merely be a reflection of those changing values in our society-\" : the changes in perceptions of divorce in the Republic of Ireland through the public divorce discourses between 1986 to 1995", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title.alternative", "value": "Changes in perceptions of divorce in the Republic of Ireland through the public divorce discourses between 1986 to 1995", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": 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