Fear of failing in a competitive achievement setting the relations between fear of failure, achievement goals and achievement behaviours among adolescent male football players in Finland

Tutkimme, miten epäonnistumisen pelko on yhteydessä tavoiteorientaatioihin, pitkäjänteisyyteen, panostamiseen ja viihtymiseen teini-ikäisten poikien jalkapalloharrastuksessa. Olimme lisäksi kiinnostuneita siitä, miten yhteneväisiä pelaajien itsearvioinnit ja heidän valmentajiensa arviot olivat pelaa...

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Main Authors: Gruborovics, Tamás, Kolehmainen, Tuomas
Other Authors: Kasvatustieteiden ja psykologian tiedekunta, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Psykologian laitos, Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylän yliopisto
Format: Master's thesis
Language:eng
Published: 2017
Subjects:
Online Access: https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/54159
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author Gruborovics, Tamás Kolehmainen, Tuomas
author2 Kasvatustieteiden ja psykologian tiedekunta Faculty of Education and Psychology Psykologian laitos Department of Psychology University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto
author_facet Gruborovics, Tamás Kolehmainen, Tuomas Kasvatustieteiden ja psykologian tiedekunta Faculty of Education and Psychology Psykologian laitos Department of Psychology University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto Gruborovics, Tamás Kolehmainen, Tuomas Kasvatustieteiden ja psykologian tiedekunta Faculty of Education and Psychology Psykologian laitos Department of Psychology University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto
author_sort Gruborovics, Tamás
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description Tutkimme, miten epäonnistumisen pelko on yhteydessä tavoiteorientaatioihin, pitkäjänteisyyteen, panostamiseen ja viihtymiseen teini-ikäisten poikien jalkapalloharrastuksessa. Olimme lisäksi kiinnostuneita siitä, miten yhteneväisiä pelaajien itsearvioinnit ja heidän valmentajiensa arviot olivat pelaajien pitkäjänteisyyteen, panostamiseen ja viihtymiseen liittyen ja vaikuttiko valmennusaika mahdollisiin näkemyseroihin. Epäonnistumisen pelko on tyypillinen haittailmiö kilpailullisessa toiminnassa, se edeltää usein epäedullisten tavoiteorientaatioiden syntymistä ja on yhteydessä viihtymisen vähenemiseen ja harrastuksen lopettamiseen. Tavoiteorientaatiot kertovat tarkempaa tietoa motivaation laadusta, kuten siitä, onko toiminnan tavoitteena omien taitojen kehittäminen vai pärjääminen suhteessa muihin, ja kuvaako toimintaa välttämis- vai lähestymiskäyttäytyminen. Pitkäjänteisyys, panostaminen ja viihtyminen ovat keskeisiä tekijöitä nuorten tavoitteellisessa toiminnassa, ne ilmentävät harrastuksen taustalla olevaa motivaatiota ja ovat siten olennainen osa harrastuksessa kehittymisessä, kuin myös yhtenä syynä harrastuksen lopettamiseen. 104 kolmelta paikkakunnalta valittua 14–20-vuotiasta kilpailullisen suomalaisjalkapallojoukkueen pelaajaa kuudesta eri joukkueesta täytti strukturoidun kyselylomakkeen, joka sisälsi validoidut osiot epäonnistumisen pelosta, tavoiteorientaatioista, pitkäjänteisyydestä, panostamisesta sekä viihtymisestä otteluissa ja harjoituksissa. Heidän valmentajansa täyttivät jokaiseen pelaajaan liittyen lyhyen kyselyn, jossa tiedusteltiin heidän mielipidettään pelaajien pitkäjänteisyydestä, panostamisesta ja viihtymisestä harjoituksissa ja otteluissa. Analyysit tehtiin hierarkkisella regressioanalyysillä ja yleistetyllä lineaarisella mallilla. Epäonnistumisen pelko oli neljän tavoiteorientaation joukosta vahvimmin yhteydessä hallintavälttämiseen (esimerkiksi pyrkimys välttää suoriutumasta huonommin aikaisempaan verrattuna), joka oli puolestaan vahvasti yhteydessä alentuneeseen pitkäjänteisyyteen, panostamiseen ja viihtymiseen. Tässä tutkimuksessa yleisimmin esiintyvä pelko mahdollisen epäonnistumisen seurauksista oli häpeän ja nolostumisesta tunne, joka oli samalla vahvasti yhteydessä hallintavälttämiseen. Valmentajien arviot pelaajien pitkäjänteisyydestä ja panostamisesta olivat lievästi yhteydessä pelaajien itsearvioon, viihtymisen suhteen yhteyttä ei ollut. Havaittavia näkemyseroja pelaajan ja valmentajan välillä oli noin joka kolmannessa arviossa pitkäjänteisyyden, panostamisen ja viihtymisen suhteen. Valmennusajan kestolla ei ollut vaikutusta näkemyseroihin. The purpose of this study was to analyse how fear of failure was related to the achievement goals, persistence, effort and enjoyment of adolescent male football players, as well as how well the coaches of these players were able to correctly infer the persistence, effort and enjoyment of their players. Fear of failure often precedes the acquirement of detrimental achievement goals and achievement behaviour, and is also related to the lack of enjoyment, that often leads to dropout. The achievement goals represent the individual’s attitude towards developing his or her competence: the person either wants to achieve task mastery or being better than the rest, and this is achieved by either approaching competence or avoiding showing incompetence. Persistence, effort and enjoyment are central concepts in achievement behaviour, as they characterise the individual’s motivation towards the hobby, and they are also an integral part of development, as well as one of the main reasons for dropout. 104 players (14–20 years old) from six different teams around Finland filled in a structured questionnaire, which consisted of validated sections of persistence, effort, and enjoyment in trainings and in games, fear of failure and the achievement goals. Their coaches also evaluated their players’ persistence, effort and enjoyment in trainings and in games by filling in a short questionnaire regarding each of their players. The results were achieved by using the hierarchical regression analysis and the general linear model. It was the mastery-avoidance goals (focus in avoiding performing worse than before) that proved to be the most detrimental among the four achievement goals in relation to fear of failure, that was connected to decreased persistence, effort and enjoyment. The most often featured aversive consequence of failure was the fear of shame and embarrassment that was also strongly related to the mastery-avoidance goals. There was a small convergence between the coaches’ evaluations and their players’ self-evaluations over the players’ persistence and effort, but there was no convergence between the evaluations over the players’ enjoyment. There were recognizable differences between the evaluations in about every third instance, but none of these differences were extreme. The length of the coach-player relationship was not related to the differences between the views.
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spellingShingle Gruborovics, Tamás Kolehmainen, Tuomas Fear of failing in a competitive achievement setting : the relations between fear of failure, achievement goals and achievement behaviours among adolescent male football players in Finland Fear of failure achievement goals persistence effort enjoyment adolescent football players coach-player relationship Psykologia Psychology 202 epäonnistuminen tavoiteorientaatio nuoret jalkapalloilijat valmentajat
title Fear of failing in a competitive achievement setting : the relations between fear of failure, achievement goals and achievement behaviours among adolescent male football players in Finland
title_alt Relations between fear of failure, achievement goals and achievement behaviours among adolescent male football players in Finland
title_full Fear of failing in a competitive achievement setting : the relations between fear of failure, achievement goals and achievement behaviours among adolescent male football players in Finland
title_fullStr Fear of failing in a competitive achievement setting : the relations between fear of failure, achievement goals and achievement behaviours among adolescent male football players in Finland Fear of failing in a competitive achievement setting : the relations between fear of failure, achievement goals and achievement behaviours among adolescent male football players in Finland
title_full_unstemmed Fear of failing in a competitive achievement setting : the relations between fear of failure, achievement goals and achievement behaviours among adolescent male football players in Finland Fear of failing in a competitive achievement setting : the relations between fear of failure, achievement goals and achievement behaviours among adolescent male football players in Finland
title_short Fear of failing in a competitive achievement setting
title_sort fear of failing in a competitive achievement setting the relations between fear of failure achievement goals and achievement behaviours among adolescent male football players in finland
title_sub the relations between fear of failure, achievement goals and achievement behaviours among adolescent male football players in Finland
title_txtP Fear of failing in a competitive achievement setting : the relations between fear of failure, achievement goals and achievement behaviours among adolescent male football players in Finland
topic Fear of failure achievement goals persistence effort enjoyment adolescent football players coach-player relationship Psykologia Psychology 202 epäonnistuminen tavoiteorientaatio nuoret jalkapalloilijat valmentajat
topic_facet 202 Fear of failure Psychology Psykologia achievement goals adolescent football players coach-player relationship effort enjoyment epäonnistuminen jalkapalloilijat nuoret persistence tavoiteorientaatio valmentajat
url https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/54159 http://www.urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201705292542
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