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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "S\u00e4\u00e4kslahti, Arja", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Juutinen, Taija", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Pesola, Arto", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Laukkanen, Arto", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "M\u00e4k\u00e4r\u00e4inen, Karoliina", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2017-03-01T16:24:52Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2017-03-01T16:24:52Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2017", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1674274", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/53163", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "M\u00e4k\u00e4r\u00e4inen, K. 7 -vuotiaiden lasten fyysinen aktiivisuus kiihtyvyysmittarilla ja EMG-housuilla mi-tattuna sek\u00e4 aktiivisuuden yhteys motorisiin taitoihin. Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto, liikuntapedagogiikan pro gradu \u2013tutkielma, 144 s., (5 liitett\u00e4).\n\nLapsella on synnynn\u00e4inen tarve liikkua ja olla fyysisesti aktiivinen. Liikkuminen ja fyysinen aktii-visuus ovat t\u00e4rkeit\u00e4 motoristen taitojen sek\u00e4 yleisesti terveyden, hyvinvoinnin ja toimintakyvyn kannalta. Fyysisesti aktiivinen lapsuus edist\u00e4\u00e4 liikunnallista el\u00e4m\u00e4ntapaa my\u00f6s aikuisuudessa. N\u00e4in erilaisten sairauksien riskitekij\u00e4t ja sairauksien ilmaantuvuus v\u00e4henev\u00e4t ja hy\u00f6dyt ovat sek\u00e4 yksil\u00f6l-lisi\u00e4 ett\u00e4 yhteiskunnallisia. \nT\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvitt\u00e4\u00e4 7-vuotiailta lapsilta (N=11) 1) miten EMG- ja kiihty-vyysmenetelm\u00e4t luokittelevat lasten tyypilliset fyysisen aktiivisuuden intensiteetit 2) miss\u00e4 fyysisis-s\u00e4 teht\u00e4viss\u00e4 EMG-aktiivisuus on suurinta ja 3) eroaako fyysisen aktiivisuuden intensiteetti ja li-hasaktiivisuus eri liikuntaosioissa motoriselta taitavuudeltaan \u00e4\u00e4rip\u00e4it\u00e4 edustavilla lapsilla? Vertai-luun valittiin KTK-testist\u00f6ss\u00e4 korkeimman pistem\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n saanut lapsi ja matalimman pistem\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n saa-nut lapsi. Lasten liikuntaosioiden keskiarvo-EMG- ja keskiarvokiihtyyystuloksia sek\u00e4 aktiivisuuksi-en jakautumista intensiteettiluokkiin verrattiin toisiinsa. Tutkittavien joukko muodostui 7-vuotiaista lapsista (N=11).\n\nKevyen aktiivisuuden liikuntaosioiksi luokiteltiin keinuminen, kiipeily, k\u00e4vely ja tasapainoilu. Kes-kitehoiseksi aktiivisuudeksi lukeutuivat konttaaminen ja porrask\u00e4vely. Kovatehoisia liikuntaosioita olivat hippaleikki (tutkittava hippana ja kiinniotettavana), trampoliinihyppely ja juoksu. Liikunta-osiot jakautuivat intensiteettiluokkiin samankaltaista trendi\u00e4 noudattaen, kun tutkittava juoksi, kii-peili, tasapainoili ja oli hippana tai kiinniotettavana hippaleikiss\u00e4. Menetelmi\u00e4 voi hyvin k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 tukemaan toisiaan t\u00e4m\u00e4n tyyppisiss\u00e4 aktiivisuuden muodoissa. EMG-shortsit toivat hy\u00f6dyllist\u00e4 tie-toa alaraajojen lihasten ty\u00f6skentelyst\u00e4 kiihtyvyysmittarin luokittelun lis\u00e4ksi. Kiihtyvyysmittari ko-rosti intensiteettiluokkien yl\u00e4p\u00e4\u00e4t\u00e4 konttauksessa, porrask\u00e4velyss\u00e4 ja trampoliinihyppelyss\u00e4. N\u00e4iss\u00e4 liikuntaosoiossa koko vartalo liikkuu nopeasti vertikaali- tai horisontaalisuunnassa. Keinumisessa ja k\u00e4velyss\u00e4 oli havaittavissa u:n muotoinen k\u00e4yr\u00e4 mittausmenetelmien vertailussa. EMG-shortsit luo-kittelivat keinumisen ja k\u00e4velyn p\u00e4\u00e4asiassa kevyeksi aktiivisuudeksi ja kiihtyvyysmittari kovatehoi-seksi aktiivisuudeksi. Suurimmat EMG-aktiivisuudet esiintyiv\u00e4t hippaleikiss\u00e4, kun tutkittava oli hip-pana sek\u00e4 juoksussa. Motoriselta taitotasoltaan \u00e4\u00e4rip\u00e4it\u00e4 edustavien lasten vertailussa havaittiin, ett\u00e4 motorinen taitavuus ja hyv\u00e4 koordinaatio luultavasti mahdollistivat alaraajojen lihasten taloudellisen k\u00e4yt\u00f6n sek\u00e4 niiden tehokkaan aktivoinnin esimerkiksi suuremman voiman ja nopeuden tuottami-seksi.\n\nPelk\u00e4st\u00e4\u00e4n kiihtyvyyden avulla lasten liikkumisen luokittelu ei aina ole mielek\u00e4st\u00e4. T\u00e4m\u00e4 tutkimus osoitti, ett\u00e4 on hyvin paljon fyysisest\u00e4 teht\u00e4v\u00e4st\u00e4 kiinni, kuinka paljon lihakset ty\u00f6skentelev\u00e4t, vaikkei suuria kiihtyvyyksi\u00e4 esiintyisi. My\u00f6s teholtaan kevyt fyysinen aktiivisuus sis\u00e4lt\u00e4\u00e4 usein mo-torista kehityst\u00e4 tukevia tekij\u00f6it\u00e4. EMG-shortseilla on mahdollista saada arvokasta lis\u00e4tietoa lasten eri liikuntamuotojen lihaksistolle aiheuttamasta kuormittavuuden m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4st\u00e4 ja laadusta. Molempia tutkimusmenetelmi\u00e4 tulisi hy\u00f6dynt\u00e4\u00e4 enemm\u00e4n lasten fyysist\u00e4 aktiivisuutta ja motorisia taitoja tut-kittaessa. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen tutkittavat sijoittuivat kaikki kolmeen ylimp\u00e4\u00e4n taitoluokkaan KTK-testist\u00f6n perusteella. Jatkossa tulisi vertailla my\u00f6s selke\u00e4sti eritt\u00e4in taitavia ja motorisesta koordinaa-tioh\u00e4iri\u00f6st\u00e4 k\u00e4rsivi\u00e4 lapsia.\n\nAvainsanat: motoriset taidot, fyysinen aktiivisuus, mittaaminen, kiihtyvyysmittari, elektromyografia", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "M\u00e4k\u00e4r\u00e4inen, K. 7-year-old children\u2019s physical activity and motor skills measured with EMG-pants and accelerometer and the relationship between physical activity and the skills. Department of Sport Sciences, University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Master\u2019s thesis 144 pp., (5 appendices).\n\nA Child has inborn drive to play and be physically active. Physical activity plays a role for motor skills, health and well-being. Physically activity childhood enhances the physically active lifestyle in a life-span. A healthy and active lifestyle prevents risk factors for chronic diseases. Therefore, benefits are important for an individual and society.\n\nThe aim of this study was to compare 7\u2013year-old children\u2019s (N=11) physical activity in structured activities measured with EMG-pants and accelerometer. The second aim was to examine which structured activity has the highest EMG-activity? The third aim was to examine how physical activity measured in structured physical activities differs in children with different levels of motor proficiency A child with the highest score in the KTK tests and a child with the lowest score in KTK tests were chosen for this comparison. Average values and standard deviations were used to describe the data measured by EMG-pants and accelerometers. Time spent at intensity categories (sedentary, light, moderate, vigorous) was determined by validated cut-off points (van Cauwenberghe ym. 2011).\n\nSwinging, climbing, walking and balancing were classified as light activities. Moderate activities consisted of crawling and climbing stairs. Playing a tag, trampoline jumping and running were vigorous activities. When considering intensity levels in each activity forms, the similarities with the methods were identified when children were running, climbing, balancing or playing a tag. The two methods supported each other in these kinds of activities. EMG-pants gave interesting and useful information about the lower limb EMG activity. Accelerometer exaggerated the vigorous intensity level when children were crawling, climbing stairs or jumping on a trampoline. One of the reasons might be horizontal and vertical accelerations naturally included in these kinds of activities. A U-letter shape relationship was identified in swinging and walking. These tasks were mostly light activities when measured with EMG-pants. In contrast, accelerometer classified them mostly as moderate and vigorous activities. Considering the comparison of two children with different levels of motor proficiency, high motor proficiency enabled economic use of lower limbs and bigger EMG activity when producing force and speed.\n\nIt is purposeful and useful to use several methods to examine children\u2019s physical activity and motor skills. This study showed that there can be significant EMG-activity in muscles without significant acceleration. There should be more studies with EMG-pants and accelerometers as it could give a more comprehensive understanding of physical activity behavior in children. Children with larger differences in motor coordination disorders should be included to studies in future to get a broader view of differences measured in physical activities.\n\nKey words: motor skills, physical activity, measuring, accelerometer, electromyography", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Karoliina M\u00e4k\u00e4r\u00e4inen (kaelmaka) on 2017-03-01 16:24:51.946723. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). 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