Simulation environment for the C14-experiment

In this thesis, a simulation environment utilizing Geant4 simulation toolkit was constructed to study the C14 experiment located at the Pyhäsalmi Mine, Finland. The C14 experiment aims to find a liquid scintillator sample with the least amount of 14C, the radioactive isotope of carbon, with concentr...

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Päätekijä: Sarala, Roope
Muut tekijät: Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta, Faculty of Sciences, Fysiikan laitos, Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylän yliopisto
Aineistotyyppi: Pro gradu
Kieli:eng
Julkaistu: 2016
Aiheet:
Linkit: https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/52653
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author Sarala, Roope
author2 Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Fysiikan laitos Department of Physics University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto
author_facet Sarala, Roope Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Fysiikan laitos Department of Physics University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto Sarala, Roope Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Fysiikan laitos Department of Physics University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto
author_sort Sarala, Roope
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description In this thesis, a simulation environment utilizing Geant4 simulation toolkit was constructed to study the C14 experiment located at the Pyhäsalmi Mine, Finland. The C14 experiment aims to find a liquid scintillator sample with the least amount of 14C, the radioactive isotope of carbon, with concentration preferably less than 10^-18. The scintillator detector used in the experiment consists of a 1.6 liter cylindrical vessel filled with liquid scintillator, two 20 cm conical light guides connected to the ends of the vessel and two low-background photomultiplier tubes to detect scintillator light. In addition, the detector is covered with a reflecting foil. The simulation environment was used to study the energy resolution and intrinsic background of the detector. The energy resolution of the experiment was simulated for electrons and alpha particles of energies 0-2 MeV (electron) and 3-10 MeV (alpha particle), which well cover the b-decay energy range of 14C. In the absence foil, the energy spectrum was highly position-dependent as particles originating near the edges of the vessel yielded more light than particles in the center. As a result, the energy resolution was worse without the foil. The most prominent source of intrinsic background was gamma rays from the photomultiplier tubes. The liquid bulk consisting of linear alkyl benzene did not cause a noticeable background unless the 222Rn concentration was of the order of 1 Bq/m3 but even still the gamma rays were dominant.
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The\nC14 experiment aims to find a liquid scintillator sample with the least amount of 14C,\nthe radioactive isotope of carbon, with concentration preferably less than 10^-18. The\nscintillator detector used in the experiment consists of a 1.6 liter cylindrical vessel\nfilled with liquid scintillator, two 20 cm conical light guides connected to the ends of\nthe vessel and two low-background photomultiplier tubes to detect scintillator light.\nIn addition, the detector is covered with a reflecting foil. The simulation environment\nwas used to study the energy resolution and intrinsic background of the detector.\nThe energy resolution of the experiment was simulated for electrons and alpha particles\nof energies 0-2 MeV (electron) and 3-10 MeV (alpha particle), which well cover the b-decay energy range of 14C. In the absence foil, the energy spectrum was highly position-dependent as\nparticles originating near the edges of the vessel yielded more light than particles in\nthe center. 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spellingShingle Sarala, Roope Simulation environment for the C14-experiment Fysiikka Physics 4021 simulointi radiohiiliajoitus
title Simulation environment for the C14-experiment
title_full Simulation environment for the C14-experiment
title_fullStr Simulation environment for the C14-experiment Simulation environment for the C14-experiment
title_full_unstemmed Simulation environment for the C14-experiment Simulation environment for the C14-experiment
title_short Simulation environment for the C14-experiment
title_sort simulation environment for the c14 experiment
title_txtP Simulation environment for the C14-experiment
topic Fysiikka Physics 4021 simulointi radiohiiliajoitus
topic_facet 4021 Fysiikka Physics radiohiiliajoitus simulointi
url https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/52653 http://www.urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201701081086
work_keys_str_mv AT saralaroope simulationenvironmentforthec14experiment