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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Turtiainen, Kati", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Tavi-R\u00e4is\u00e4nen, Merja", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2016-12-26T09:12:41Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2016-12-26T09:12:41Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2016", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1645409", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/52522", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Sosiaali- ja terveyspalvelun uudistaminen on yhteiskunnallisesti ajankohtainen aihe. Uudistaminen on ollut ty\u00f6l\u00e4st\u00e4 ja kuluttanut valtion ja kuntien ty\u00f6ntekij\u00f6iden ty\u00f6aikaa ja resursseja. N\u00e4in ollen tuli aiheelliseksi selvitt\u00e4\u00e4 miksi uudistaminen on n\u00e4in vaikeaa. Pro gradu-tutkielmassani tarkastelen asiantuntijoiden n\u00e4kemyksi\u00e4 sosiaali- ja terveydenhuollon vaikeista ongelmista sote-uudistuksessa. Lis\u00e4ksi tarkastelen miten monimutkaisuus ja kompleksisuus n\u00e4ytt\u00e4ytyv\u00e4t sote-uudistuksessa sek\u00e4 mit\u00e4 vaikeita ongelmia uudistus mahdollisesti ratkaisee ja tuottaa asiantuntijoiden n\u00e4kemyksen mukaan. \r\nAineistoni koostuu sosiaali- ja terveyspalvelun asiantuntijoiden (johtajien) puolistrukturoiduista teemahaastatteluista. Haastateltavia oli yhteens\u00e4 yhdeks\u00e4n (N=9) eri puolelta Suomea kaikilta viidelt\u00e4 yhteisty\u00f6/ervaalueelta. Kyseess\u00e4 on laadullinen tutkimus. Tutkimusaineisto on analysoitu sis\u00e4ll\u00f6n analyysill\u00e4. \r\nTutkielmani teoreettinen viitekehys on kompleksisuusteoreettinen ajattelu. Kompleksisuusteoreettiseen ajatteluun linkittyy k\u00e4site wicked problem. Pro gradu-tutkielmassani k\u00e4yt\u00e4n monimutkaisista ja kompleksisista ongelmista suomennosta vaikea ongelma. Perustan ajatteluni Conklinin (2006), Rittelin ja Webberin (1973) sek\u00e4 Vartiaisen ym. (2013) teorioihin ja teorioiden j\u00e4sennyksiin. Aineiston kautta hahmottuu soteuudistuksen kompleksinen kokonaisuus. Vaikeat ongelmat ovat n\u00e4ht\u00e4vill\u00e4 kaikilla Suomen hallinnon tasoilla: valtio, maakunta ja kunta. Lis\u00e4ksi ongelmat linkittyv\u00e4t uudistusten valmistelujen ajallisiin tasoihin menneeseen valmisteluun, nykyhetkeen ja tulevaan. \r\nTutkielmani mukaan Suomen sote-uudistus t\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 kokonaisuutena vaikean ongelman m\u00e4\u00e4ritelm\u00e4n. My\u00f6s Virkkala ym. (2014, 122\u2013123) m\u00e4\u00e4rittelev\u00e4t sote-uudistuksen yhteiskunnalliseksi ja aluekehitt\u00e4misen vaikeaksi ongelmaksi. Tulosteni perusteella lains\u00e4\u00e4d\u00e4nn\u00f6n pirstaleisuus ja ep\u00e4selvyydet, rahoitusratkaisujen puuttuminen, valinnanvapauden ja sote-integraation k\u00e4yt\u00e4nn\u00f6n m\u00e4\u00e4rittelyjen puuttuminen ovat johtaneet ja/tai johtamassa vaikeisiin ongelmiin asiakkaan palveluissa ja johtamisessa. Uudistuksen ep\u00e4selvyydet voivat johtaa vaikeisiin ongelmiin my\u00f6s teknisesti ratkaistavissa olevissa asioissa. Haastatelluilla asiantuntijoilla oli kiinnostusta vaikeiden ongelmien nime\u00e4miseen ja vaikeiden ongelmien luonteen tunnistamiselle. Tulosteni mukaan uudistuksen t\u00e4ss\u00e4 vaiheessa korostuu valtiohallinnon rooli. Valtiolta odotetaan p\u00e4\u00e4t\u00f6ksentekoa ja esimerkin n\u00e4ytt\u00e4mist\u00e4. Valtion tulisi johtaa hyvinvointipalveluj\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4n muutosta integroidusti. Vartiainen ym. (2013, 136) mukaan uudistaminen tulisikin olla kokonaisuutena yhteistoimintaa. \r\n\r\nAsiasanat: vaikea ongelma, kompleksisuus, sote-uudistus, asiantuntija", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "The social and health service reform (sote-uudistus) is a live issue. The reform has been a daunting task, and borne by the state and local employees' working time and resources. Therefore, it is necessary to find out why this became difficult, as part of the reform. The purpose of this thesis is to learn what are the experts' opinions on the difficult problems faced during the reform. Additionally, the thesis aims to discover how the problems were caused, how they evolved during the reform, and what potential solutions may exist for the ongoing reform of the social and health service. \r\nI interviewed the leaders of the social and health service. The interviewees were experts and managers (N = 9) within the social and health service around Finland, from all five collaborations (erva-alue). This is a qualitative research. The contents of the analysis of the research data have been analyzed. \r\nThe theoretical frame of this study is complexity theory and the concept of a wicked problem linked to complexity theory. I use the concept of the complex and wicked problem to name a difficult problem. The background to this study include theories from Conklin (2016), Rittel and Webber (1973) and Vartiainen etc. (2013). On the basis of this material the social and health service reform is complex. Difficult problems are present at all levels of government: the state of Finland, the province, and the municipality. In addition, the problems are linked to the preparation of the reform and the preparations for the temporal levels in the past, the present and the future. \r\nThe social and health service reform fits the definition of a difficult problem completely. Virkkala etc. (2014, 122\u2013123) also define the social and health service reform and regional government reform as a difficult problem. The research has identified several causes: the legislation of fragmentation and confusion, an absence of financial solutions, the freedom of choice, and the lack of practical business integration definitions have all led to, and/or are leading to, difficult problems in the management of (i) customer services, and even (ii) technically solvable cases. The experts were interested in the nature and the designation of difficult problems, and identification of difficult problems. The result indicates that the state is expected to provide decision making and examples. The state should lead towards change in an integrated manner. According to Vartiainen etc. (2013, 136) the reform should be addressed as a whole.\r\n \r\nKeywords: wicked problem, complexity, the social and health service reform, expert", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Merja Tavi-R\u00e4is\u00e4nen (mematavi) on 2016-12-26 09:12:40.571020. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). 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No. of bitstreams: 2\r\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201612265254.pdf: 1283488 bytes, checksum: 3c1e9b0768d0912c3bda7f758b420136 (MD5)\r\nlicense.html: 4904 bytes, checksum: ac2e783b272118f48e4f1a3466ceea21 (MD5)\r\n Previous issue date: 2016", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "1 verkkoaineisto (108 sivua)", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Vaikea ongelma", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "kompleksisuus", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "sote-uudistus", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "asiantuntija", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Johtajien k\u00e4sitykset sosiaali- ja terveyspalvelujen vaikeista ongelmista sote-uudistuksessa : kompleksisuusteoreettinen n\u00e4k\u00f6kulma", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201612265254", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", 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