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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Kyt\u00f6viita, Minna-Maarit", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Nevala, Jasmin", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2016-12-20T13:39:13Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2016-12-20T13:39:13Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2016", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1644764", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/52482", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Viimeaikaisissa tutkimuksissa on osoitettu, ett\u00e4 kasveilla voi olla kyky tunnistaa itsens\u00e4 ja\nsukulaisensa vieraista kasviyksil\u00f6ist\u00e4 ja kohdentaa sen perusteella resursseja eri osiin.\nLuonnonvalinta on voinut suosia itsens\u00e4tunnistamismekanismien kehittymist\u00e4 erityisesti\nklonaalisilla kasveilla, koska se voi mahdollistaa kilpailun v\u00e4ltt\u00e4misen omien osien kanssa\nja s\u00e4\u00e4st\u00e4\u00e4 resursseja lis\u00e4\u00e4ntymiseen. Sienijuurisymbioosia esiintyy suurimmalla osalla\nkasveista, ja sill\u00e4 voi olla vaikutus kasvien kilpailuvuorovaikutukseen. Sienijuuriverkosto\nyhdist\u00e4\u00e4 kasveja juurten kautta toisiinsa ja voi auttaa kasveja esimerkiksi siirt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n\nravinteita ja signaaleja kesken\u00e4\u00e4n. Sienijuurisymbioosin osuutta kasvien itsens\u00e4-\ntunnistamisessa ei ole viel\u00e4 kunnolla tutkittu. Itsens\u00e4tunnistamiskokeissa versojen v\u00e4lill\u00e4\non yleens\u00e4 vaadittu fyysinen yhteys, esimerkiksi maavarsi, jotta kasvit ovat reagoineet\ntoiseen yksil\u00f6\u00f6n eri tavalla kuin vieraaseen yksil\u00f6\u00f6n. Sienijuurisymbioosi voisi\nmahdollisesti toimia t\u00e4llaisen fyysisen yhteyden korvaajana signaalinv\u00e4litys-\nominaisuuksiensa takia. Itsens\u00e4tunnistamisen mekanismeja ei viel\u00e4 tunneta. T\u00e4ss\u00e4 pro\ngradu -tutkielmassa tutkin sienijuurisymbioosin osuutta kissank\u00e4p\u00e4l\u00e4n (Antennaria dioica)\nkasvuun ja itsens\u00e4tunnistamiseen. Tutkimusta varten ker\u00e4ttiin 13 eri genotyyppej\u00e4\nedustavaa kissank\u00e4p\u00e4l\u00e4yksil\u00f6\u00e4, joista kustakin otettiin v\u00e4hint\u00e4\u00e4n 8 tyt\u00e4rversoa\nkasvatukseen. Tyt\u00e4rversot kasvoivat joko samasta yksil\u00f6st\u00e4 otetun tai eri yksil\u00f6st\u00e4 otetun\ntyt\u00e4rverson kanssa samassa ruukussa. Koeasetelma toteutettiin sek\u00e4 sienijuurellisina ett\u00e4\nsienijuurettomina. Kontrolliryhm\u00e4n\u00e4 kasvatettiin kustakin genotyypist\u00e4 my\u00f6s yksin\nkasvava kasvi sienijuurellisena ja sienijuurettomana. Eri identiteetti- ja sienijuurik\u00e4sittely-\nryhmien maanalaisen ja maanp\u00e4\u00e4llisen biomassan kasvua ja kasvunopeutta verrattiin\ntoisiinsa. Sienijuurisymbioosin havaittiin lis\u00e4\u00e4v\u00e4n suuntaa antavasti kasvien kasvua vain,\nkun ne kasvoivat samasta kasvista otetun tyt\u00e4rverson kanssa. T\u00e4m\u00e4 voi johtua siit\u00e4, ett\u00e4\nsamasta kasvista per\u00e4isin olevat tyt\u00e4rversot ovat sienen l\u00e4sn\u00e4 ollessa tunnistaneet toisensa\nosaksi samaa kasvia ja tukeneet toistensa kasvua sukulaisvalinnan teorian mukaisesti. Sen\nvoi mahdollistaa esimerkiksi sienijuuriverkoston signaalinv\u00e4litysominaisuus, jonka kautta\nmahdollinen itsens\u00e4tunnistamisen mekanismi on voinut toimia. Kyse voi toisaalta olla\nmy\u00f6s sienen kyvyst\u00e4 tunnistaa genotyyppej\u00e4 ja huijata kasvaessaan kahden erilaisen\ngenotyypin kanssa. Sienen peliteoreettiset valinnat eiv\u00e4t tosin selitt\u00e4isi muiden kasvien\nitsens\u00e4tunnistamistutkimusten tuloksia. Tutkimukseni tulokset tukevat sukulaisvalinnan\nteoriaa ja hypoteesia, ett\u00e4 sienijuurisymbioosi voi korvata tyt\u00e4rversojen v\u00e4list\u00e4 fyysist\u00e4\nyhteytt\u00e4 ja auttaa siten kasveja tunnistamaan toisen kasvin osaksi samaa genotyyppi\u00e4.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "According to recent studies plants may have an ability to allocate their resources\ndifferently depending on the identity (self / non-self, kin / non-kin) of the neighbouring\nplant. The ability of some plants to reduce competition with kin or self may have evolved\nespecially in species with clonal growth: instead of competition, resources could be\nallocated to reproduction. Mycorrhizal symbioses can be found among most terrestrial\nplants. The symbiosis can have an effect on plants' competitive interactions. Plants can be\nconnected through the common mycorrhizal network (CMN) and they can exchange\nnutrients and signals through it. The role of mycorrhizal symbiosis in plants' self-\nrecognition has not been profoundly studied yet. A physical connection between plants has\noften been required in studies, in which plants have been able to recognize parts of the\nsame individual. The role of CMN as a replacing element of this physical connection has\nbeen considered because of its ability to transmit signals. The mechanism of self-\nrecognition has yet remained unknown. In this Master's Thesis the role of mycorrhizal\nsymbiosis in Antennaria dioica's self-recognition was studied. Altogether 13 A. dioica\ngenetic individuals were collected, of which at least 8 ramets were collected per individual.\nThese ramets grew with an other plant either from the same A. dioica individual or from\nanother A. dioica individual. The experiment setup was conducted with mycorrhizal\ninoculation and without mycorrhizal inoculation. As a control treatment, a ramet of every\nindividual was also grown alone. Differences of growth and allocation of biomass were\ncompared in self / non-self and mycorrhizal / non-mycorrhizal plants. Mycorrhiza\nincreased the growth of plants only when they grew with a 'self' plant. The results may\nindicate that individuals that grew together with a copy of itself recognized each other with\nthe assistance of mycorrhiza and thus faciliated each others' growth, which supports the kin\nselection hypothesis. The recognition may have been enabled by the ability of mycorrhiza\nto transmit signals. On the other hand, the results may result from the ability of mycorrhiza\nto recognize genotypes. The game-theoretical model assumes that mycorrhiza may switch\npartners when growing with two different genotypes, and thus it may have higher chance\nto cheat. The results of my study support both the theory of kin selection and the\nhypothesis that mycorrhiza symbiosis can replace physical connection between ramets, and\nthus help plants to identify the other plant as a part of the same genotype.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Jasmin Nevala (jasmarne) on 2016-12-20 13:39:12.811128. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). JyX data: [jyx_publishing-allowed (fi) =False]", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija.group@korppi.jyu.fi) on 2016-12-20T13:39:13Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201612205197.pdf: 877151 bytes, checksum: 80a4d3af594e469982d3bfd75e5f16cc (MD5)\nlicense.html: 1157 bytes, checksum: baadd35a49ddf8282b84f3e3443657ca (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-20T13:39:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201612205197.pdf: 877151 bytes, checksum: 80a4d3af594e469982d3bfd75e5f16cc (MD5)\nlicense.html: 1157 bytes, checksum: baadd35a49ddf8282b84f3e3443657ca (MD5)\n Previous issue date: 2016", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "1 verkkoaineisto (38 sivua)", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "identiteetintunnistus", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "kasvit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "kilpailu", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "resurssien kohdentaminen", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Sienijuurisymbioosin vaikutus kissank\u00e4p\u00e4l\u00e4n (Antennaria dioica) itsens\u00e4tunnistamiseen", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201612205197", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": 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