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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Uusitalo, Roope", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Pekkarinen, Jukka", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Kokkala, Lasse", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2016-12-15T20:24:23Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2016-12-15T20:24:23Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2016", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1644621", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/52378", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Elinajan piteneminen ja syntyvyyden lasku viimeisten vuosikymmenten aikana ovat nostaneet esille kysymyksi\u00e4 julkisen el\u00e4kej\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4n kest\u00e4vyydest\u00e4 tulevaisuudessa. Tutkielmassa arvioidaan sek\u00e4 vuoden 2017 el\u00e4keuudistuksen vaikutuksia ett\u00e4 elinajan pitenemisen ja n\u00e4iden varautumiskeinojen vaikutuksia el\u00e4kkeelle siirtymiseen. Elinajan pitenemiseen on varauduttu eri keinoin niin Suomessa kuin muualla Euroopassa. Esimerkiksi vanhuusel\u00e4keik\u00e4\u00e4 korotetaan ja el\u00e4kkeiden tasoa pienennet\u00e4\u00e4n, joko automaattisesti tai v\u00e4liajoin yksitt\u00e4isen\u00e4 muutoksena. Yhteist\u00e4 menetelmill\u00e4 on niiden perustuminen elinajanodotteeseen. Suomessa k\u00e4ytett\u00e4v\u00e4n elinaikakertoimen hy\u00f6tyn\u00e4 n\u00e4hd\u00e4\u00e4n erityisesti pienempi poliittinen riski, koska se mahdollistaa asteittain toteutuvien muutosten ennustettavuuden, muutosten loiventamisen tai tulevaisuuteen siirt\u00e4misen verrattuna yksitt\u00e4iseen kertamuutokseen. Elinaikakertoimen perusteella el\u00e4kkeen ja palkan v\u00e4linen korvaussuhde pienenee ja ty\u00f6ss\u00e4 jatkamisen innokkuus kasvaa. El\u00e4keuudistus muokkaa varsinkin el\u00e4kkeiden kertym\u00e4prosentteja, nostaa vanhuusel\u00e4keik\u00e4\u00e4 ja sitoo el\u00e4kei\u00e4n elinajanodotteeseen vuodesta 2030 l\u00e4htien. Lis\u00e4ksi uudistus muuttaa varhaisel\u00e4kkeen muotoa korvaamalla osa-aikael\u00e4kkeen osittain varhennetulla varhaisel\u00e4kkeell\u00e4, lievent\u00e4\u00e4 elinaikakerrointa, korvaa ns. superkarttuman koko ty\u00f6uran ansiot huomioonottavalla lykk\u00e4yskorotuksella sek\u00e4 ottaa k\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00f6n ty\u00f6urael\u00e4kkeen. Tutkielman empiirisess\u00e4 osassa verrataan laskelmien avulla uuden ja vanhan j\u00e4r-jestelm\u00e4n kannustimia lyk\u00e4t\u00e4 el\u00e4kkeelle siirtymist\u00e4. Aiempien tutkimusten perusteella uudistus tulee p\u00e4\u00e4s\u00e4\u00e4nt\u00f6isesti nostamaan kokonaisel\u00e4keik\u00e4\u00e4, pident\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n ty\u00f6uria ja pienent\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n valtion kest\u00e4vyysvajetta. Tutkielman laskelmien mukaan el\u00e4kekertym\u00e4n kasvaessa uudistus p\u00e4\u00e4s\u00e4\u00e4nt\u00f6isesti parantaa kannustimia lyk\u00e4t\u00e4 el\u00e4kkeelle siirtymist\u00e4 vanhuusel\u00e4kei\u00e4n saavuttamisen j\u00e4lkeen riippumatta palkkatulojen tasosta. Mit\u00e4 suuremmat ovat palkkatulot sit\u00e4 aiemmin uudistuksen kannustimet ylitt\u00e4v\u00e4t aiemman j\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4n kannustimet. Taloudelliset kannustimet vaikuttavat varsin eri tavalla riippuen henkil\u00f6n i\u00e4st\u00e4. Vaikka kannustimien vaikutuksissa on eroja, uudistus kohtelee kansalaisia tasa-arvoisesti, tasoittamalla kannustimien vaihtelua riippumatta henkil\u00f6n i\u00e4st\u00e4, tulotasosta tai aiemmasta el\u00e4kekertym\u00e4st\u00e4. Samalla uudistus kannustaa vanhuusel\u00e4kei\u00e4n j\u00e4lkeiseen lis\u00e4ty\u00f6skentelyyn ja s\u00e4ilytt\u00e4\u00e4 samana tai heikent\u00e4\u00e4 hiukan kuukausiel\u00e4kett\u00e4 uudistusta edelt\u00e4neest\u00e4 tilanteesta.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Lasse Kokkala (lajusako) on 2016-12-15 20:24:23.041328. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). JyX data: [jyx_publishing-allowed (fi) =True]", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija.group@korppi.jyu.fi) on 2016-12-15T20:24:23Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201612155119.pdf: 834566 bytes, checksum: a211c300062c856362bb2f395a001c04 (MD5)\nlicense.html: 4825 bytes, checksum: fa1d8edd01eba32109549ca0d5d6f10b (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-15T20:24:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201612155119.pdf: 834566 bytes, checksum: a211c300062c856362bb2f395a001c04 (MD5)\nlicense.html: 4825 bytes, checksum: fa1d8edd01eba32109549ca0d5d6f10b (MD5)\n Previous issue date: 2016", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "1 verkkoaineisto (57 sivua)", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "el\u00e4keuudistus", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "El\u00e4keuudistuksen 2017 ja elinajan vaikutus el\u00e4kkeelle siirtymiseen", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201612155119", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 University School of Business and Economics", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopiston kauppakorkeakoulu", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Taloustieteet", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Business and Economics", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Kansantaloustiede", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Economics", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.updated", "value": "2016-12-15T20:24:24Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "updated", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": null, "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "2041", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "el\u00e4kkeet", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "elinaika", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "el\u00e4kkeelle siirtyminen", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "kannustimet", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "el\u00e4kej\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4t", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
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