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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Yrj\u00f6nsuuri, Mikko", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Kokko, Elmo", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2016-11-14T15:10:02Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2016-11-14T15:10:02Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2016", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1642875", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/51876", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "T\u00e4m\u00e4 tutkielma tarkastelee Jean-Jacques Rousseaun (1712\u20131778) luonnontilateoriaa ja erityisesti, kuinka Rousseaun kuvailemat luonnontilan ihmiset voivat olla vapaita toimijoita heid\u00e4n omassa toimintaymp\u00e4rist\u00f6ss\u00e4\u00e4n. Rousseaun ajattelua tutkitaan p\u00e4\u00e4asiassa h\u00e4nen teoksensa Discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'in\u00e9galit\u00e9 parmi les hommes (1755) kautta. Tutkimusmetodina on t\u00e4m\u00e4n teoksen eli Toisen Diskurssin l\u00e4hiluku.\r\n\r\nTutkielman ensimm\u00e4isess\u00e4 osiossa k\u00e4yd\u00e4\u00e4n lyhyesti l\u00e4pi Rousseuta edelt\u00e4nytt\u00e4 luonnontilateorian perinnett\u00e4, jota vastaan h\u00e4nen Toisessa Diskurssissa esitt\u00e4m\u00e4 luonnontilaa koskeva argumentointi v\u00e4lill\u00e4 asettuu. Tutkielmassa esitet\u00e4\u00e4n Rousseaun luonnontilateorian poikkeavan kriittisell\u00e4 tavalla perinteest\u00e4 h\u00e4nen ymm\u00e4rt\u00e4ess\u00e4\u00e4n luonnontilan historialliseksi k\u00e4sitteeksi, jossa on useita ihmisen kehitysvaiheita. Ihmisten vapautta tutkitaan t\u00e4st\u00e4 johtuen kahdessa, suhteellisen stabiileiksi tulkituissa Rousseaun luonnontilateorian vaiheissa: puhtaassa luonnontilassa ja yhteis\u00f6llisess\u00e4 luonnontilassa.\r\n\r\nToisessa osiossa perehdyt\u00e4\u00e4n puhtaan luonnontilan ihmiseen, jonka Rousseau n\u00e4kee melkein t\u00e4ysin ei-sosiaalisena ja itseriittoisena olentona. T\u00e4m\u00e4n ihmisen halut ja tarpeet ovat sek\u00e4 yksinkertaisia ett\u00e4 v\u00e4h\u00e4isi\u00e4, mink\u00e4 Rousseau n\u00e4kee olevan eduksi puhtaassa luonnontilassa vallitsevan yleisen rauhan ja vapauden kannalta. Rousseau ajatteleekin puhtaan luonnontilan ihmisten v\u00e4listen kamppailujen olevan harvinaisia, mutta n\u00e4iden pelk\u00e4st\u00e4\u00e4n itsest\u00e4\u00e4n kiinnostuneiden ihmisten ristiriitatilanteet voivat tulla ratkaistuiksi vain voimakkaamman yksil\u00f6n eduksi. Puhtaan luonnontilan ihmiset eiv\u00e4t my\u00f6sk\u00e4\u00e4n tule toimineeksi vapauden mahdollistajina toisille kaltaisilleen. Lis\u00e4ksi tutkielmassa esitet\u00e4\u00e4n, ett\u00e4 vaikka puhtaan luonnontilan ihmiset eroavat tahdon vapautensa vuoksi el\u00e4imist\u00e4, he n\u00e4ytt\u00e4v\u00e4t olevan mentaalisesti kykenem\u00e4tt\u00f6mi\u00e4 tekem\u00e4\u00e4n vapaita valintoja.\r\n\r\nViimeisess\u00e4 osiossa tarkastellaan yhteis\u00f6llist\u00e4 luonnontilaa. Yhteis\u00f6llisen kehityksen my\u00f6t\u00e4 luonnontilan ihmisten mahdollisuudet ratkaista ristiriitoja ja tehd\u00e4 yhteisty\u00f6t\u00e4 jaettujen p\u00e4\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4rien saavuttamiseksi ovat parantuneet, mutta samanaikaisesti Rousseau katsoo sosiaalisuudesta syntyvien tarpeiden ja halujen aiheuttavan ihmisten v\u00e4lill\u00e4 v\u00e4kivaltaiseksikin yltyv\u00e4\u00e4 eripuraa. Tutkielma esitt\u00e4\u00e4, kuinka Rousseaun kuvailemien yhteis\u00f6jen ihmisten v\u00e4liset suhteet eiv\u00e4t en\u00e4\u00e4 perustu pelk\u00e4st\u00e4\u00e4n yksil\u00f6iden voimank\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00f6n, vaan yhteis\u00f6n historian kautta muodostuneilla tavoilla on merkityst\u00e4 yhteis\u00f6n rauhan takaamiseksi. Samoin yksil\u00f6iden vapaus toteuttaa omaa olemustaan on nyt uudenlaisella tavalla riippuvainen kanssaihmisist\u00e4 ja ihmisten kyky tehd\u00e4 vapaita valintoja on sosiaalisuuden my\u00f6t\u00e4 kehittynyt, vaikka he eiv\u00e4t viel\u00e4 t\u00e4st\u00e4k\u00e4\u00e4n huolimatta n\u00e4yt\u00e4 edustavan Rousseaulle yhteiskunnallisen ihmisen kaltaista toimijaa.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Elmo Kokko (elelkokk) on 2016-11-14 15:10:01.791615. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). JyX data: [jyx_publishing-allowed (fi) =False]", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija.group@korppi.jyu.fi) on 2016-11-14T15:10:02Z\r\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\r\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201611144623.pdf: 1006470 bytes, checksum: 7d81b6e177602c54a4dfb4745f2f3871 (MD5)\r\nlicense.html: 1155 bytes, checksum: 5147cb53a7c940c701c66cac637f0f6e (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-14T15:10:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\r\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201611144623.pdf: 1006470 bytes, checksum: 7d81b6e177602c54a4dfb4745f2f3871 (MD5)\r\nlicense.html: 1155 bytes, checksum: 5147cb53a7c940c701c66cac637f0f6e (MD5)\r\n Previous issue date: 2016", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "1 verkkoaineisto (105 sivua)", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Rousseau, Jean-Jacques", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": 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Aineisto on luettavissa Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopiston kirjaston arkistoty\u00f6asemalta. Ks. https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/fi/tyoskentelytilat/laitteet-ja-tilat.", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "This material has a restricted access due to copyright reasons. It can be read at the workstation at Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 University Library reserved for the use of archival materials: https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/en/workspaces/facilities.", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
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