Effects of resistance training frequency on muscle strength, activity and mass during a 24-week intervention in the elderly

Elderly populations are increasingly affected by sarcopenia, dynapenia and osteoporosis. They all increase frailty and decrease quality of life and life-expectancy. Resistance training (RT) has been reported extensively as a tool that can prevent, counter and in some cases reverse the course of the...

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Main Author: Alonso Serrano, Javier
Other Authors: Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Liikuntabiologian laitos, Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylän yliopisto
Format: Master's thesis
Language:eng
Published: 2016
Subjects:
Online Access: https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/51632
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author Alonso Serrano, Javier
author2 Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences Liikuntabiologian laitos Department of Biology of Physical Activity University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto
author_facet Alonso Serrano, Javier Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences Liikuntabiologian laitos Department of Biology of Physical Activity University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto Alonso Serrano, Javier Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences Liikuntabiologian laitos Department of Biology of Physical Activity University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto
author_sort Alonso Serrano, Javier
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description Elderly populations are increasingly affected by sarcopenia, dynapenia and osteoporosis. They all increase frailty and decrease quality of life and life-expectancy. Resistance training (RT) has been reported extensively as a tool that can prevent, counter and in some cases reverse the course of the abovementioned diseases. Several studies covering RT adaptations in elderly populations have investigated periods between 6 up to 88 weeks with different frequencies, from 1 to 3 trainings / week and a wide range of intensities (30-85% or one repetition maximum) and different volumes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different training frequencies (one, two or three times / week) of periodized RT in older adults (60-75 years old) after a 36-week intervention period on strength adaptations and peak power, one repetition maximum dynamic leg press (1-RM) and explosive dynamic leg press with 50% of the 1-RM, muscle activity (measured by surface EMG, targeting vastus medialis and lateralis), lean mass (measured with Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) and basal serum hormones concentrations of testosterone (T), cortisol (COR), sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and dehidroepiandrosterona (DHEA) . In this study, RT intervention significantly increased 1-RM, especially towards the highest frequency intervention groups (3 times / week in both men and women). Without correlating with frequency, T and COR concentrations increased and on the other hand, a significant decrease in SHBG/COR ratio was observed in both men and women. Once and twice / week frequencies bring up similar strength outcomes. RT is an appropriate tool for increasing strength in both older men and women.
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spellingShingle Alonso Serrano, Javier Effects of resistance training frequency on muscle strength, activity and mass during a 24-week intervention in the elderly resistance training basal hormones frequency hypertrophy muscle activity elderly Liikuntafysiologia Exercise Physiology 5011 harjoittelu voimaharjoittelu hormonit taajuus liikakasvu lihasvoima vanhukset
title Effects of resistance training frequency on muscle strength, activity and mass during a 24-week intervention in the elderly
title_full Effects of resistance training frequency on muscle strength, activity and mass during a 24-week intervention in the elderly
title_fullStr Effects of resistance training frequency on muscle strength, activity and mass during a 24-week intervention in the elderly Effects of resistance training frequency on muscle strength, activity and mass during a 24-week intervention in the elderly
title_full_unstemmed Effects of resistance training frequency on muscle strength, activity and mass during a 24-week intervention in the elderly Effects of resistance training frequency on muscle strength, activity and mass during a 24-week intervention in the elderly
title_short Effects of resistance training frequency on muscle strength, activity and mass during a 24-week intervention in the elderly
title_sort effects of resistance training frequency on muscle strength activity and mass during a 24 week intervention in the elderly
title_txtP Effects of resistance training frequency on muscle strength, activity and mass during a 24-week intervention in the elderly
topic resistance training basal hormones frequency hypertrophy muscle activity elderly Liikuntafysiologia Exercise Physiology 5011 harjoittelu voimaharjoittelu hormonit taajuus liikakasvu lihasvoima vanhukset
topic_facet 5011 Exercise Physiology Liikuntafysiologia basal hormones elderly frequency harjoittelu hormonit hypertrophy lihasvoima liikakasvu muscle activity resistance training taajuus vanhukset voimaharjoittelu
url https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/51632 http://www.urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201610144372
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