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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Kotiaho, Janne", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Kareksela, Santtu", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Koskela, Tuuli", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2016-07-01T09:06:04Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2016-07-01T09:06:04Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2016", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1561715", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/50676", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Ihmisen toiminta aiheuttaa muutoksia yhteis\u00f6iss\u00e4 maailmanlaajuisesti. Ihmisvaikutteiset,\neli antropogeeniset h\u00e4iri\u00f6t muuttavat ekosysteemien luonnollista h\u00e4iri\u00f6dynamiikkaa\naikaansaaden ominaisuuksiltaan uudenlaisia ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6j\u00e4. T\u00e4llaiset ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6t ovat usein\nsuosiollisempia kasvupaikkavaatimuksiltaan generalisteille vieraslajeille kuin\nvaateliaammille spesialistilajeille. T\u00e4m\u00e4n seurauksena generalistilajit levi\u00e4v\u00e4t uusille\nalueille ja paikallisia spesialistilajeja h\u00e4vi\u00e4\u00e4. Useiden spesialistilajien korvautuminen\nmuutamalla generalistilajilla voi lis\u00e4t\u00e4 eri yhteis\u00f6jen v\u00e4list\u00e4 samankaltaisuutta eli johtaa\ntaksonomiseen homogenisaatioon ja sit\u00e4 kautta luonnon monimuotoisuuden v\u00e4henemiseen\nja sukupuuttojen lis\u00e4\u00e4ntymiseen. Ojitetut suot toimivat hyv\u00e4n\u00e4 esimerkkin\u00e4 ihmisen\nvaikutuksesta muuttuneista ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6ist\u00e4. Suokasvillisuus on suhteellisen\nspesialisoitunutta soiden ominaisille olosuhteille, jotka muuttuvat suon ojituksen\nseurauksena. Aikaisemmista tutkimuksista ilmenee, ett\u00e4 ojitus johtaa kasviyhteis\u00f6jen\nv\u00e4liseen homogenisaatioon eri soiden v\u00e4lill\u00e4 ja suokasvilajien korvautumiseen alueellisesti\ngeneralisteimmilla mets\u00e4lajeilla. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkielman tarkoituksena oli tutkia ojituksen\nvaikutuksia suokasviyhteis\u00f6n spesialisaatioon. Selvitt\u00e4\u00e4kseni onko soiden olosuhteisiin\nspesialisoituneiden kasvilajien mahdollista sopeutua ojitettujen soiden uudenlaisiin\nolosuhteisiin ja lis\u00e4\u00e4ntyyk\u00f6 generalistilajien m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 yhteis\u00f6ss\u00e4 ojituksen j\u00e4lkeen, k\u00e4ytin 118\nsuomalaiselta suolta ker\u00e4tty\u00e4 aineistoa putkilokasvien ja sammalten suhteellisesta\nrunsaudesta. M\u00e4\u00e4ritin jokaiselle lajeille ja putkilokasvi- ja sammalyhteis\u00f6lle\nspesialisaatioarvon spesialisaatioindekseill\u00e4. N\u00e4it\u00e4 arvoja analysoimalla selvitin\nvaikuttaako ojitus eri tavalla luonnontilaisten yhteis\u00f6jen generalisti- ja spesialistilajien\nesiintymiseen ja muuttaako ojitus kasviyhteis\u00f6n spesialistien ja generalistien m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n\nsuhdetta. Tulokset osoittavat, ett\u00e4 spesialistien runsaus ja yleisyys vaihtelivat generalisteja\nenemm\u00e4n luonnontilaisten ja ojitettujen soiden v\u00e4lill\u00e4. Generalistilajien esiintyminen oli\nsamanlaista sek\u00e4 luonnontilaisilla ett\u00e4 ojitetuilla soilla, kun taas spesialistilajien runsaus ja\nyleisyys joko lis\u00e4\u00e4ntyiv\u00e4t tai v\u00e4heniv\u00e4t ojitetuilla soilla verrattuna luonnontilaisiin soihin.\nSpesialistilajit, jotka olivat k\u00e4rsineet ojituksesta olivat suo-olosuhteisiin spesialisoituneita\nlajeja, jotka olivat spesialisteja my\u00f6s alueellisesti tarkasteltuina. Spesialistit, jotka\nrunsastuivat ojituksen seurauksena olivat sen sijaan lajeja, jotka ovat alueellisesti\ntarkasteltuna generalisteja mets\u00e4lajeja, jotka olivat luonnontilaisilla soilla paikallisia\nspesialisteja. Mahdollisesti t\u00e4llaisten lajien lis\u00e4\u00e4ntyminen ojitetuilla soilla aikaansai sen,\nett\u00e4 kasviyhteis\u00f6jen generalisti- ja spesialistilajien m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n suhde ei n\u00e4ytt\u00e4nyt tilastollisesti\nmerkitsev\u00e4sti eroavan luonnontilaisten ja ojitettujen soiden v\u00e4lill\u00e4, vaikka alueellisesti\nspesialistien lajien m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 v\u00e4heni.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Anthropogenic activities account for changes in communities globally. Anthropogenic\ndisturbances alter the natural disturbance dynamics of ecosystems thus creating\nenvironments with novel conditions. These environments are often more favorable to nonnative\ngeneralist species than to the more niche-confined specialists, hereby leading to the\nassisted spreading of generalists and to the decline of specialist species. The replacement\nof a variety of specialists with a few generalists can result in growing similarity among\ndifferent communities i.e. taxonomic homogenization, which can itself lead to the decrease\nof biodiversity and to the increase on extinctions. Prime examples of environments\naffected by anthropogenic activities are drained peatlands. The conditions characteristic of\npeatlands, have resulted in relatively specialized vegetation in terms of habitat\nrequirements that are no longer completely met after draining. Previous studies support the\nnotion that drainage leads to the homogenization of plant communities between peatlands\nand to the directional change of specialized peatland species to more generalist forest\nspecies. The aim of this thesis was to study the effects of draining on the specialization of\npeatland vegetation. To test whether the plant species specialized to the pristine conditions\nare able to adapt to the new conditions of drained peatlands and whether the colonization\nof more broad-niched generalists increases after drainage, I used vascular plant and\nbryophyte relative abundance data collected from 118 peatland sites from around Finland.\nSpecialization indexes were used to determine specialization rates for each individual\nplants species and bryophyte and vascular plant community. These rates were analysed to\nfind out if the occurrence of generalists and specialist plant species of natural communities\nwas affected differently by drainage and if drainage altered the specialist-generalist ratio of\na plant community. The results show that the abundances and frequencies of specialist\nspecies differed more between pristine and drained peatlands than the ones of generalist\nspecies. The occurrence of generalist species was similar in both pristine and drained sites\nbut specialist species had either increased or decreased both in abundance and frequency\nwhen comparing pristine sites to drained ones. Closer observations revealed that the\ndecreased specialists were species specialized to specific peatland conditions thus\nappearing as specialist even on landscape level. The increased specialists were, however,\nlandscape level generalists i.e. forest species that only appeared as specialists on pristine\npeatlands. Possibly because of the increase of such species in drained sites, the generalistspecialist\nratios of plant communities seemed to not significantly differ between pristine\nand drained sites, even though the number of landscape level specialist species decreased.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Tuuli Koskela (tuueliko) on 2016-07-01 09:06:03.992247. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). JyX data: [jyx_publishing-allowed (fi) =True]", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija.group@korppi.jyu.fi) on 2016-07-01T09:06:04Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201607013427.pdf: 394794 bytes, checksum: 0f467d75cf7acbab7de8e1725ac59fae (MD5)\nlicense.html: 4825 bytes, checksum: 921fdef731e4393523d35e78d2d4165c (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-01T09:06:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201607013427.pdf: 394794 bytes, checksum: 0f467d75cf7acbab7de8e1725ac59fae (MD5)\nlicense.html: 4825 bytes, checksum: 921fdef731e4393523d35e78d2d4165c (MD5)\n Previous issue date: 2016", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "1 verkkoaineisto (39 sivua)", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "homogenisaatio", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Anthropogenic disturbance favors regional generalists over specialists", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201607013427", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Bio- ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biological and Environmental Science", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ekologia ja evoluutiobiologia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ecology and evolutionary biology", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.updated", "value": "2016-07-01T09:06:05Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "updated", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": null, "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "4011", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "kasvillisuus", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "ojitus", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "suot", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
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