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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Juutinen, Taija", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Pesola, Arto", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Koskinen, Noora", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2016-06-22T05:18:29Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2016-06-22T05:18:29Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2016", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1545475", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/50533", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "T\u00e4m\u00e4n Pro gradu -tutkielman tarkoituksena oli selvitt\u00e4\u00e4 vuoden aikana tapahtuvien ruokailutottumusten, fyysisen aktiivisuuden sek\u00e4 kehonkoostumuksen muutosten yhteytt\u00e4 kolesterolin metabolisen profiilin muutokseen sek\u00e4 kokonaiskolesterolin karkeaan kuvaan. Lis\u00e4ksi tarkoituksena oli tutkia sukupuolen, rasvaprosentin sek\u00e4 i\u00e4n mahdollista yhteytt\u00e4 edell\u00e4 mainittuihin muutoksiin eri p\u00e4\u00e4vastemuuttujissa k\u00e4ytt\u00e4en niin sanottua vakioitua mallia tutkimustuloksia analysoitaessa. Ruokailutottumuksilla ja fyysisell\u00e4 aktiivisuudella voidaan vaikuttaa elimist\u00f6n metaboliseen tilaan. Suurin osa nykyp\u00e4iv\u00e4n elintapasairauksista ovat seurausta elimist\u00f6n metabolian muutoksista tai h\u00e4iri\u00f6tiloista. Kehittyneet laboratoriotekniikat mahdollistavat analysoimaan kehon eritteist\u00e4 tuhansia eri metaboliitteja, joihin my\u00f6s lipoproteiinien metaboliset profiilit kuuluvat. Lipoproteiinialaluokkia on l\u00f6ydetty yhdeks\u00e4ss\u00e4 eri kokoluokassa. Tutkimusten perusteella eri kokoiset ja fysikaalisilta ominaisuuksiltaan eroavat profiilit selitt\u00e4v\u00e4t tarkemmin elimist\u00f6n kolesteroliaineenvaihdunnan tilan kuin useimmin tutkitut kokonaiskolesterolin m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 tai HDL-/LDL- kolesterolin suhde. T\u00e4h\u00e4n vuoden ajan kest\u00e4neeseen tutkimukseen osallistui 129 koehenkil\u00f6\u00e4 i\u00e4lt\u00e4\u00e4n 38,0\u00b15,4 vuotiaita, joista 54 oli miehi\u00e4 (30 \u2013 53 v.) ja 74 naisia (28 \u2013 49 v.). Mittaukset ja ruokap\u00e4iv\u00e4kirjat sek\u00e4 fyysisen aktiivisuuden raportit ker\u00e4ttiin kahdessa mittauspisteess\u00e4, tutkimuksen alussa ja lopussa. Veren seerumista m\u00e4\u00e4ritettiin verikokein kokonais-, LDL- ja HDL- kolesteroli sek\u00e4 kuljettajaproteiinit Apo-A1 ja Apo-B1 sek\u00e4 lipoproteiinien metaboliset profiilit yhdeks\u00e4ss\u00e4 eri kokoluokassa. Mittauskerroilla mitattiin my\u00f6s koehenkil\u00f6iden kehonkoostumus sek\u00e4 pituus ett\u00e4 paino. Koehenkil\u00f6t kirjasivat molemmissa mittauspisteiss\u00e4 ruokap\u00e4iv\u00e4kirjoja nelj\u00e4n p\u00e4iv\u00e4n ajalta, joista kolme oli arkip\u00e4ivi\u00e4 ja yksi vapaap\u00e4iv\u00e4. Ruokap\u00e4iv\u00e4kirjat analysoitiin Nutri Flow \u2013ohjelmalla. Fyysist\u00e4 aktiivisuutta koehenkil\u00f6t arvioivat itse arviointina kyselylomakkeella, joista arvioitiin henkil\u00f6ille aktiivisuusluokka kuukausitasolla. Tuloksia tarkasteltiin tutkimuksen alku sek\u00e4 loppupisteess\u00e4 jokaisessa eri muuttujassa. Elin tavoissa tapahtuneita muutoksia peilattiin lipoproteiiniprofiileissa tapahtuneisiin muutoksiin. Tutkimustuloksia analysoitiin niin sanotusti vakioidulla sek\u00e4 vakioimattomalla mallilla. Vakioitumalli otti huomioon i\u00e4n, sukupuolen sek\u00e4 rasvaprosentin.\r\nRuokailutottumusten osalta merkitt\u00e4v\u00e4 muutos -136\u00b1473 kcal mittauskertojen v\u00e4lill\u00e4 l\u00f6ytyi energian saannissa (P=0.006). Viskeraalirasvojen m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 v\u00e4heni merkitt\u00e4v\u00e4sti 14,6\u00b133 yksikk\u00f6\u00e4 (p<0.001). Yhteytt\u00e4 p\u00e4\u00e4vastemuuttujissa tapahtuneisiin muutoksin ei l\u00f6ytynyt. P\u00e4\u00e4vastemuuttujista LDL \u2013kolesteroli oli ainoa, jonka konsentraatiomuutos +0,11\u00b10,54 pmol oli merkitt\u00e4v\u00e4 tutkimuksen aikana (P=0.026). Sy\u00f6dyn kolesterolin m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4ll\u00e4 l\u00f6ytyi negatiivinen yhteys pieniin VLDL- ja HDL \u2013profiilien konsentraatiomuutokseen sek\u00e4 kokonaiskolesteroliin ett\u00e4 LDL \u2013kolesterolin konsentraatiomuutokseen. Vakioimattomassa mallissa yhden prosenttiyksik\u00f6n muutos kolesterolin saannissa tarkoitti VLDL \u2013kolesterolin konsentraatiomuutoksessa -0,0279 pmol muutosta (P=0.028). Malli selitti 4,1% kokonaishajonnasta. Yhteys pienen HDL \u2013kolesterolin konsentraatiomuutokseen oli -1,21 pmol (P=0.008), jonka selityskerroin oli 6,4%. Ryhm\u00e4vertailussa saantimuutoksen mukaan pienen HDL -kolesterolin osalta ryhmien v\u00e4liset muutokset olivat merkitt\u00e4vi\u00e4 (P<0.05). Kolesterolin saannin yhteys sek\u00e4 kokonaiskolesterolin ett\u00e4 kokonais- LDL \u2013kolesterolin konsentraatiomuutokseen oli -0,001 pmol. Vakioidussa mallissa kokonaiskolesterolin selityskerroin oli 1,7% (P=0.023) ja vakioimattomassa mallissa 3,9% (P=0.032). Kokonais- LDL- kolesterolin konsentraatiomuutosta vakioitumalli selitti 8.3% kokonaishajonnasta (P=0.015) ja vakioimaton malli 5,4% (P=0.013). Merkitt\u00e4v\u00e4 yhteys kolesterolin saannilla l\u00f6ytyi my\u00f6s kuljettajaproteiini Apoliporoteiini -B:hen, jolloin muutos oli 0 sek\u00e4 vakioidussa ett\u00e4 vakioimattomassa mallissa. Vakioitumalli selitti 10,4 % (P=0.005) mallin kokonaishajonnasta ja vakioimaton malli 5,9% (P=0.011) kokonaishajonnasta. Vakioidussa mallissa sukupuoli, rasvaprosentti ja ik\u00e4 eiv\u00e4t olleet merkitsev\u00e4ss\u00e4 roolissa tapahtuneissa muutoksissa, lukuun ottamatta i\u00e4n vaikutusta pienen VLDL \u2013profiilin muutokseen (P=0.025). Tutkimuksen aikana tapahtuneet el\u00e4m\u00e4ntapa muutokset olivat hyvin marginaalisia, mik\u00e4 oli hyvin todenn\u00e4k\u00f6isesti yhteydess\u00e4 my\u00f6s v\u00e4h\u00e4iseen muutokseen lipoproteiiniprofiileissa. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimustulosten perusteella ei voida tehd\u00e4 suuria johtop\u00e4\u00e4t\u00f6ksi\u00e4 siit\u00e4 miten ruokailutottumukset, fyysinen aktiivisuus ja kehonkoostumus ovat yhteydess\u00e4 lipoproteiinien metaboliseen profiiliin. Fyysisen aktiivisuuden ja kehonkoostumuksen osalta tutkimus j\u00e4i tuloksettomaksi. Yhteytt\u00e4 p\u00e4\u00e4vastemuuttujissa tapahtuneisiin muutoksiin ei l\u00f6ytynyt.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "The aim of this Pro-gradu thesis was to evaluate changes in blood lipid metabolic profiles during one year-trial, and whether eating habits (such as energy, cholesterol and fibre intake), physical activity and body composition have taken place in the context of changes in lipoprotein profiles. In addition, the purpose was to examine the possible relationship of gender, age and body fat percentage to the above-mentioned changes. Eating habits and physical activity can influence the metabolic state of the body. Most of today's lifestyle diseases are the result of changes in the body's metabolism and its connection with the disorders. Sophisticated laboratory techniques make it possible to analyze thousands of different metabolites from the bioliquids (such as blood serum), including the lipoprotein subclasses -lipoprotein metabolic profiles. Lipoproteins have been found in nine different sizes. Studies have shown that the different size profiles and those different physical properties explains in more detail the cholesterol metabolism of a body than most commonly measured total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol/LDL-cholesterol ratio. This study involved 129 subjects (38,0\u00b15,4 year old) from central-Finland. 54 of them were men (30-53 y.) and 74 were women (28-49 y.). Measurements, food diaries and self reported physical activity was collected in two measurement points, in the beginning and at the end of the study. Blood serum sample determined total-, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol, cholesterol transport proteins Apolipoprotein-A1 and -B1 and cholesterol metabolic profiles (cholesterol subclasses) in nine different sizes. Blood samples were collected after over night fasting. In measuring points subjects body composition were also measured. Subjects recorded food diaries for four days where three of the days were business days and one day was off. Diaries were analyzed by Nutri- Flow Software. Physical activity was rated by self- assessment questionnaire, which resulted to an estimate of individual activitiy class on monthly basis. Results looked in each different variable at the beginning of the study as well as at the end point. Lifestyle changes compared to the lipoprotein profile changes. Results were analyzed in standard and non-standard models. The standardize model regarded age, gender and body fat percentage. The non-standardized model did not take into account the possible biological factors between subjects.\r\nLDL-cholesterol was the only concentration change, which was significant +0,11\u00b10,54 pmol (P=0.026) during the study period. Changes in explaining variables were also statistically insignificant except changes in energy intake -136\u00b1473 kcal (P=0.006) and visceral fat 14,57\u00b133 (P<0.001). However, the change did not explain the changes in lipid profiles. The amount of intake of cholesterol found negative relationship to small \u2013VLDL and -HDL \u2013profile concentration changes and total cholesterol and LDL \u2013cholesterol changes. In the non-standardized model, one percent change in cholesterol intake meant concentration change in small- VLDL profiles +0,029 pmol (P=0.028). The model explained 4.1% on the standard deviation. Relationship to concentration changes of small \u2013HDL profiles was -1,21 pmol (P=0.008) and the disclosure of coefficient was 6.4 %. According to HDL- cholesterol group comparison, changes between cholesterol intake groups (decreased intake to increased intake) were differences between groups significant (P<0.05). Cholesterol intake access as well as total cholesterol and LDL \u2013cholesterol concentration change was -0,001 pmol in both profiles. In the standardized model, explanation coefficient of the total cholesterol was 1.7% (P=0.023) and in the non-standardized model explanation coefficient was 3.9% (P=0.032). The total LDL-cholesterol concentration change in the standardized model explained 8.3% of total standard (P= 0.015) and non-standardized model 5.4% (P = 0.013). A significant relationship was also found between cholesterol intake and transport protein Apoliporotein -B ratio, when the change was 0 in both models. The standardized model explained 10.4% (P=0.005) of total standard model and the non-standardized model 5.9% (P=0.011) of total standard. In the standardized model, gender, body fat, and age was not a significant role in the changes that have occurred, except for the effect of age on a small VLDL -cholesterol change (P=0.025). According to this study there were no statistically significant changes in blood lipid metabolic profiles during the measuring period.No major conclusions can be made based on this study on how eating habits, physical activity and body composition are linked to the lipoprotein profile changes. Changes in life style habits were very marginal which may have limited to changes in cholesterol and lipoprotein profiles.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Noora Koskinen (noanemko) on 2016-06-22 05:18:28.729661. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). JyX data: [jyx_publishing-allowed (fi) =False]", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija.group@korppi.jyu.fi) on 2016-06-22T05:18:29Z\r\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\r\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201606223294.pdf: 1572812 bytes, checksum: 28381640a0b58967e7a0e8bb18d9283d (MD5)\r\nlicense.html: 1179 bytes, checksum: 1562df4e0cff6b85d7e3867c18c2fa2c (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-22T05:18:29Z (GMT). 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Aineisto on luettavissa Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopiston kirjaston arkistoty\u00f6asemalta. Ks. https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/fi/tyoskentelytilat/laitteet-ja-tilat.", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "This material has a restricted access due to copyright reasons. It can be read at the workstation at Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 University Library reserved for the use of archival materials: https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/en/workspaces/facilities.", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
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