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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Ina Tarkka", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Eveliina Munukka", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Hongisto, Tiina", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2016-06-08T12:59:09Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2016-06-08T12:59:09Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2016", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1542902", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/50203", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Hongisto, T. 2016. Suolistomikrobiston koostumuksen erot HCR- ja LCR -rotilla ja yhteys viskeraalisen rasvakudoksen geenien ilmentymiseen. Terveystieteiden laitos, Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto, Liikuntal\u00e4\u00e4ketieteen pro gradu -tutkielma, 62s, 4 liitett\u00e4. \n\nSuolistomikrobistolla on osoitettu olevan merkitt\u00e4vi\u00e4 vaikutuksia is\u00e4nn\u00e4n terveyteen. Se vaikuttaa muun muassa lihavuuden kehittymiseen. Elimist\u00f6n rasvan m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n vaihtelun on puolestaan havaittu vaikuttavan suolistomikrobiston koostumukseen. Sek\u00e4 synnynn\u00e4isen ett\u00e4 hankitun aerobisen kapasiteetin yhteytt\u00e4 suolistomikrobistoon ei ole juuri tutkittu. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on selvitt\u00e4\u00e4 suolistomikrobiston koostumuksen ja viskeraalisen rasvakudoksen tulehdukseen ja rasva-aineenvaihduntaan liittyvien geenien ilmentymisen eroja synnynn\u00e4iselt\u00e4 aerobiselta kapasiteetilta poikkeavilla rotilla. Lis\u00e4ksi tarkoituksena on selvitt\u00e4\u00e4 suolistomikrobiston koostumuksen yhteytt\u00e4 viskeraalisen rasvakudoksen geenien ilmentymiseen. \n\nTutkimuksessa k\u00e4ytettiin kahta synnynn\u00e4iselt\u00e4 aerobiselta kapasiteetilta eroavaa rottakantaa, joita olivat HCR- (High Capacity Runner) ja LCR (Low Capacity Runner) -rotat. N\u00e4m\u00e4 rottakannat on kehitetty Michiganin yliopistossa synnynn\u00e4isen aerobisen kapasiteetin ja erilaisten terveystekij\u00f6iden yhteyden tutkimiseen. T\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa k\u00e4ytetyt kahdeksan HCR -rottaa ja kymmenen LCR -rottaa olivat alkuper\u00e4isten rottien j\u00e4lkel\u00e4isi\u00e4 36. polvessa. Rotilta ker\u00e4ttiin n\u00e4ytteet suolistosta ja viskeraalisesta rasvakudoksesta. Suolistomikrobiston koostumusta analysoitiin 16S rRNA geenin tunnistukseen perustuvalla sekvensoinnilla (Illumina MiSeq). Data-analyysi suoritettiin Qiime - ja Kraken -ohjelmilla. Viskeraalisesta rasvakudoksesta tutkittiin puolestaan seitsem\u00e4n geenin ilmentymisen eroja qPCR-menetelm\u00e4ll\u00e4. \n\nQiime -analyysi luokitteli suolistomikrobiston p\u00e4\u00e4jaksoihin, heimoihin ja sukuihin, ja Kraken -analyysi lis\u00e4ksi lajeihin. Rottakantojen v\u00e4lill\u00e4 tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4sti eroavat p\u00e4\u00e4jaksot (1kpl), heimot (3kpl) ja suvut (3kpl) olivat erilaisia Qiime - ja Kraken -analyysien perusteella. Lis\u00e4ksi Kraken -analyysi l\u00f6ysi kolme tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4sti eroavaa lajia. Seitsem\u00e4st\u00e4 geenist\u00e4 nelj\u00e4n ilmentymisess\u00e4 oli tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4sti eroa siten, ett\u00e4 tulehdukseen liittyv\u00e4t geenit IL1B ja CD45 ilmentyiv\u00e4t enemm\u00e4n HCR -rotilla ja tulehdukseen liittyv\u00e4 geeni TLR5 ja rasva-aineenvaihduntaan liittyv\u00e4 geeni AdipoQ ilmentyiv\u00e4t enemm\u00e4n LCR -rotilla. Rottakantojen v\u00e4lill\u00e4 tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4sti eroavien bakteeriryhmien ja tutkittujen geenien v\u00e4lilt\u00e4 l\u00f6ytyi yhteyksi\u00e4. \n\nVaikka aikaisemmat tutkimukset ovat havainneet LCR -rotilla metabolisen oireyhtym\u00e4n merkkej\u00e4, n\u00e4it\u00e4 ei havaittu t\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa, mik\u00e4 saattaa johtua rottien nuoresta i\u00e4st\u00e4. Useat t\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa havaitut tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4sti eroavat bakteeriryhm\u00e4t on yhdistetty aiemmissa tutkimuksissa lihavuuteen. Kaikkia n\u00e4it\u00e4 lihavuuteen yhdistettyj\u00e4 bakteeriryhmi\u00e4 havaittiin enemm\u00e4n LCR -rotilla. T\u00e4llaisia bakteeriryhmi\u00e4 olivat esimerkiksi Actinobacteria - p\u00e4\u00e4jakso ja Phascolarctobacterium -suku. Merkitt\u00e4v\u00e4\u00e4 oli, ett\u00e4 HCR -rotilla kahden tulehdukseen liittyv\u00e4n geenin ilmentyminen oli korkeampaa kuin LCR -rotilla. Geeneill\u00e4 TLR5 ja AdipoQ, jotka ilmentyiv\u00e4t enemm\u00e4n LCR -rotilla, havaittiin olevan positiivinen yhteys niihin bakteeriryhmiin, joita l\u00f6ytyi tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4sti enemm\u00e4n juuri LCR \u2013 rotilta. HCR -rotilla havainnot olivat samanlaisia eli geenien IL1B ja CD45 ilmentymisen ja HCR \u2013 rotilta tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4sti runsaammin l\u00f6ytyneiden bakteeriryhmien v\u00e4lill\u00e4 havaittiin positiivista yhteytt\u00e4.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Hongisto, T. 2016. Differences in gut microbiota composition of the LCR and the HCR rats and association with the expression of genes in adipose tissue. Department of Health Science, University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Master\u2019s thesis in Sports and Exercise Medicine, 62 pages, 4 appendices.\n\nThe gut microbiota has significant effects on the health of the host organism, for example, on the development of obesity. In turn, changes on the body fat content influence the composition of gut microbiota. How innate or the acquired aerobic capacity affects the gut microbiota is scarcely studied. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in gut microbiota composition and expression of visceral adipose tissue genes between rats with different intrinsic aerobic capacity and the connection of the gut microbiota composition to the expression of visceral adipose tissue genes.\n\nThis study used two rat strains, HCR (High Capacity Runner) and LCR (Low Capacity Runner) rats, which have different innate aerobic capacity. These rat strains have been developed by the University of Michigan to study the connection of innate aerobic capacity with different health factors. Eight HCR and 10 LCR rats used in this study are the generation 36 of the original rats. The intestinal contents and visceral adipose tissue samples were collected from the rats. The composition of the gut microbiota was analyzed by sequencing (Illumina MiSeq) which is based on identification of 16S rRNA gene. Data analysis was performed by Qiime and Kraken programs. From the visceral adipose tissue samples, the expression differences of seven genes were studied using qPCR.\n\nThe Qiime program classifies the gut microbiota in phyla, class and genus, in addition to this the Kraken program classifies also in species. Statistically significant phyla, classes and genera were different between the Qiime and the Kraken programs. Three species differed significantly between the rat strains. Four of the seven genes differed significantly between the rat strains so that two genes associated with inflammation, IL1B and CD45, were expressed more in HCR rats and TLR5, also a gene associated with inflammation and lipid-metabolism related AdipoQ gene, manifested more in LCR rats. Correlations between all the statistically significant microbe groups and examined genes were obtained. \n\nAlthough previous studies have found that LCR rats have some signs of metabolic syndrome, those were not observed in this study, probably due to young age of rats. A number of statistically significantly different groups of microbes observed in this study have been linked to obesity in previous studies. All of these obesity linked groups of microbes were found more in LCR rats. Such, for example, were phylum Actinobacteria and genus Phascolarctobacterium. Furthermore, two genes related to inflammation manifested more in HCR rats than in LCR rats. There was a positive correlation between genes that manifested more in LCR rats, and microorganisms that were found more in LCR rats. The findings in HCR rats were similar so that a positive correlation was found between genes that manifested more in HCR rats, and microorganisms that were found more in HCR rats.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Tiina Hongisto (tisohong) on 2016-06-08 12:59:07.650366. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). JyX data: [jyx_publishing-allowed (fi) =True]", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija.group@korppi.jyu.fi) on 2016-06-08T12:59:09Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201606082974.pdf: 2134737 bytes, checksum: 8ff45db0669360cc6b4f902727aa94b9 (MD5)\nlicense.html: 4875 bytes, checksum: 1b42ec207b8bdf5ed15c77035e701d62 (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-08T12:59:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201606082974.pdf: 2134737 bytes, checksum: 8ff45db0669360cc6b4f902727aa94b9 (MD5)\nlicense.html: 4875 bytes, checksum: 1b42ec207b8bdf5ed15c77035e701d62 (MD5)\n Previous issue date: 2016", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "1 verkkoaineisto (74 sivua)", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "suolistomikrobisto", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": 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