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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Jaakkola, Timo", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Puustinen, Heikki", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Viksten, Sami", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2016-06-06T10:34:34Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2016-06-06T10:34:34Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2016", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1542701", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/50121", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "TIIVISTELM\u00c4\r\n\r\nPuustinen, Heikki ja Viksten, Sami 2016. Suomalaisten jalkapalloilijoiden urapolut ja motivaatiotekij\u00e4t. Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto. Liikuntapedagogiikan pro gradu- tutkielma. 108s.\r\n \r\nTutkimuksen tarkoituksena on selvitt\u00e4\u00e4 suomalaisten jalkapalloilijoiden urapolkuja ja motivaatiotekij\u00f6it\u00e4 6\u201323-vuotiaana. Urapoluista tarkasteltuja tekij\u00f6it\u00e4 olivat syntym\u00e4ajankohta, syntym\u00e4paikkakunta, jalkapalloharrastuksen aloituspaikkakunta, jalkapallon valikoituminen p\u00e4\u00e4lajiksi, m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4tietoisen jalkapalloharjoittelun alkaminen, muiden lajien harrastaminen sek\u00e4 jalkapallon ja muiden lajien harjoittelum\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4t. Harjoittelum\u00e4\u00e4rist\u00e4 oli eroteltu tarkoituksenmukainen harjoittelu sek\u00e4 tarkoituksenmukainen omaehtoinen pelailu. Motivaatiotekij\u00f6ist\u00e4 selvitettiin sis\u00e4ist\u00e4 motivaatiota, integroitua s\u00e4\u00e4tely\u00e4, tunnistettua s\u00e4\u00e4tely\u00e4, pakotettua s\u00e4\u00e4tely\u00e4, ulkoista motivaatiota sek\u00e4 amotivaatiota. Urapolkuja vertailtiin A-maajoukkuepelaajien, ik\u00e4kausimaajoukkuepelaajien sek\u00e4 veikkausliigapelaajien v\u00e4lill\u00e4. Motivaatiotekij\u00f6it\u00e4 vertailtiin varhain ja my\u00f6h\u00e4\u00e4n erikoistuneiden huippujalkapalloilijoiden v\u00e4lill\u00e4.\r\n \r\nTutkimuksen kohteena olivat suomalaiset jalkapalloilijat: A-maajoukkuepelaajat, U19- sek\u00e4 U21-ik\u00e4kausimaajoukkuepelaajat sek\u00e4 veikkausliigapelaajat (n=43\u201370). Aineisto ker\u00e4ttiin alkuvuodesta 2016. Tutkimuksessa tehtiin yhteisty\u00f6t\u00e4 Suomen Palloliiton kanssa. Tutkimusmenetelm\u00e4n\u00e4 k\u00e4ytettiin kyselytutkimusta ja aineisto ker\u00e4ttiin kvantitatiivisen tutkimusotteen mukaan. Kysely toteutettiin verkkokyselyn\u00e4 MrInterview-ohjelmalla. Palloliitto l\u00e4hetti s\u00e4hk\u00f6postilistojensa kautta kyselyn pelaajille. Aineisto analysoitiin IBM SPSS Statistics 22 \u2013ohjelmalla. Aineiston analysoinnissa k\u00e4ytettiin keskiarvoja, keskihajontaa, prosenttijakaumia ja minimi- sek\u00e4 maksimiarvoja. Muuttujien v\u00e4lisi\u00e4 yhteyksi\u00e4 tutkittiin yksisuuntaisella ANOVA\u2013varianssianalyysill\u00e4, T-testill\u00e4 sek\u00e4 khiin neli\u00f6testill\u00e4.\r\n \r\nTutkimustulosten mukaan syntym\u00e4ajankohdalla ei ollut merkityst\u00e4 jalkapalloilijoiden urapolkuihin. Suurin osa suomalaisista huippujalkapalloilijoista oli syntynyt ja aloittanut jalkapalloharrastuksen Suomen suurissa kaupungeissa (yli 100 000 asukasta). Jalkapallon harrastaminen aloitettiin keskim\u00e4\u00e4rin 4\u20136 vuoden ik\u00e4isen\u00e4 ja seurassa harrastaminen aloitettiin keskim\u00e4\u00e4rin 6\u20137 vuoden ik\u00e4isen\u00e4. Jalkapallo oli valikoitunut p\u00e4\u00e4lajiksi ja m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4tietoinen jalkapalloharjoittelu oli alkanut keskim\u00e4\u00e4rin 10\u201312 vuoden ik\u00e4isen\u00e4. Muiden lajien harrastamisessa oli havaittavissa selke\u00e4\u00e4 v\u00e4henemist\u00e4 12 ik\u00e4vuodesta eteenp\u00e4in. Kaikilla ryhmill\u00e4 jalkapalloharjoittelun kokonaism\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4t olivat koko ajan suurempia kuin muiden lajien harjoittelum\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4t. A-maajoukkuepelaajilla ja veikkausliigapelaajilla omaehtoisen tarkoituksenmukaisen pelailun m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 oli tarkoituksenmukaista jalkapalloharjoittelua suurempi aina 12 ik\u00e4vuoteen asti. Ik\u00e4kausimaajoukkuepelaajilla puolestaan tarkoituksenmukaisen jalkapalloharjoittelun m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 oli kaikissa ryhmiss\u00e4 tarkoituksenmukaista peli\u00e4 suurempi. Kaikilla tutkimukseen vastanneilla sis\u00e4inen motivaatio oli ulkoista motivaatiota suurempi. Ik\u00e4kausimaajoukkuepelaajilla ulkoinen motivaatio oli suurempi kuin A-maajoukkuepelaajilla ja veikkausliigapelaajilla. My\u00f6h\u00e4\u00e4n erikoistuneilla oli suurempi ulkoinen motivaatio kuin varhain erikoistuneilla. Tutkimus tukee varhaisella i\u00e4ll\u00e4 aloitettua jalkapalloharrastusta, tarkoituksenmukaisen pelin sek\u00e4 jalkapallon parissa vietetyn ajan merkityst\u00e4. P\u00e4\u00e4s\u00e4\u00e4nt\u00f6isesti tulokset tukevat my\u00f6h\u00e4ist\u00e4 erikoistumista. Ik\u00e4kausimaajoukkuepelaajat vaikuttavat erikoistuneen aikaisemmin kuin aikuisi\u00e4ll\u00e4 ammattilaisina pelaavat.\r\n \r\nAvainsanat: jalkapallo, urapolku, varhainen erikoistuminen, my\u00f6h\u00e4inen erikoistuminen, harjoittelum\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4t, motivaatio", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "ABSTRACT\r\n\r\nPuustinen, Heikki ja Viksten, Sami 2016. Finnish elite footballers career paths and motivational factors. University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4. Master\u2019s thesis in sports pedagogy. 108pp. \r\n\r\nThe aim of the study was to research elite level Finnish football players\u2019 career paths and motivational factors between 6 and 23 years old. Aspects concerning the career path were date of birth, birthplace, region when football started, and selecting football as a main sport, beginning of determined football training, playing other sports while playing football and the amount of practice hours both in football and in other sports. Deliberate practice and deliberate play were sorted out from the training amounts. From motivational factors the follow were clarified: intrinsic motivation, integrated regulation, identified regulation, introjected regulation, external regulation, and amotivation. Career paths were comparing National team players, youth national team players and Veikkausliiga players (Finnish national level). Motivational factors were compared among football players who have specialized early and players who have specialized later. \r\n\r\nThe targets of the research were Finnish elite footballers: National team, U19- and U21- national team players and national level players (N = 43\u201370). The data was collected in early 2016. The research did cooperation with Finnish football association (Palloliitto). The research used a survey and the data was collected using quantitative research methods. The research was conducted as an online questionnaire via MrInterview-program. The Finnish football association sent the questionnaire through their email contact list. The data was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22 \u2013program. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The connection between different variables was analyzed by oneway ANOVA, T-test and chi square test.\r\n\r\nAccording to the results, the date of birth did not have an impact in football players\u2019 career paths. Most of Finnish elite football players were born and started playing football in big cities in Finland (capital over 100 000). Playing football was started between ages 4 to 6 years by average and playing in a club was started between 6 to 7 years old, by average. Football was selected as a main sport and determined football training started between ages 10 to 12. There was a significant decrease in playing other sports at the age of twelve and older. All groups had a greater number of hours in football training, than in other sports throughout their life. National team players and national level player\u2019s deliberate play was greater than deliberate practice all the way till twelve years old. On the other hand, youth national team players had more deliberate practice than deliberate play hours. All the participants had a higher intrinsic motivation than extrinsic motivation. The youth national team players had a greater extrinsic motivation than National team players and national level players. Late specialized players also had greater extrinsic motivation than early specialized players. The research supports the meaning/importance of starting playing football at an early age and both deliberate play and deliberate practice. The results mostly support late specialization. The youth national team players seem to have specialized at an earlier age than adults playing professional football.\r\n\r\nKeywords: football, early specialization, late specialization, amounts of training, motivation", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Heikki Puustinen (hekapuus) on 2016-06-06 10:34:33.726270. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). 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