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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Halme, Panu", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Purhonen, Jenna", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "J\u00e4ntti, Mari", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2016-05-03T17:24:20Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2016-05-03T17:24:20Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2016", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1529783", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/49632", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Energiapuuta k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n yh\u00e4 enemm\u00e4n uusiutuvan energian l\u00e4hteen\u00e4. Energiapuun korjuussa hakkuut\u00e4hteit\u00e4 eli kantoja, oksia ja latvuksia ker\u00e4t\u00e4\u00e4n p\u00e4\u00e4tehakkuun ja harvennuksen yhteydess\u00e4 hakkuualoilta. T\u00e4m\u00e4 v\u00e4hent\u00e4\u00e4 erityisesti pienikokoisen lahopuun ja kantojen m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4. Lahopuu on t\u00e4rke\u00e4 resurssi boreaalisissa metsiss\u00e4, mutta sen m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 talousmetsiss\u00e4 on alhainen luonnonmetsiin verrattuna. M\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n v\u00e4heneminen edelleen energiapuun korjuun seurauksena voi johtaa lahopuusta riippuvaisen monimuotoisuuden v\u00e4henemiseen, mink\u00e4 vuoksi on t\u00e4rke\u00e4\u00e4 tutkia energiapuun korjuun monimuotoisuusvaikutuksia. Teoriat pinta-alan ja habitaatin heterogeenisyyden vaikutuksesta lajim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4n ovat yksi\u00e4 t\u00e4rkeimmist\u00e4 lajim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4 m\u00e4\u00e4ritt\u00e4vist\u00e4 teorioista. J\u00e4k\u00e4l\u00e4t k\u00e4ytt\u00e4v\u00e4t lahopuuta kasvualustanaan, jolloin lahopuun pintaalan sek\u00e4 sen heterogeenisyyden v\u00e4henemisen voidaan ennustaa vaikuttavan j\u00e4k\u00e4lien lajim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4n. T\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa tutkittiin energiapuun korjuun vaikutuksia lahopuun sek\u00e4 lahopuulla el\u00e4vien eli epiksyylisten makroj\u00e4k\u00e4lien monimuotoisuuteen. Tutkimuksessa k\u00e4ytettiin 12:sta noin 8 vuotta sitten hakattua hakkuuaukkoa Keski-Suomessa. Korjuu aloilta energiapuu, eli suurin osa kannoista ja muista hakkuut\u00e4hteist\u00e4 kuten oksista, oli ker\u00e4tty p\u00e4\u00e4tehakkuun yhteydess\u00e4, ja kontrollialoilta ei. Tietoa ker\u00e4ttiin jokaisella hakkuualalla 3 koealalta mitatuista lahopuun m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4st\u00e4, ominaisuuksista ja lahopuulla el\u00e4v\u00e4st\u00e4 makroj\u00e4k\u00e4l\u00e4lajistosta. Vaikka lahopuun kokonaispinta-ala tai tilavuus ei eronnut k\u00e4sittelyjen v\u00e4lill\u00e4, energiapuun korjuu n\u00e4ytti v\u00e4hent\u00e4v\u00e4n ainakin kantojen ja runkojen m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4 hakkuualoilla. Energiapuun korjuu vaikuttaa kuitenkin lahopuun m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4n ristiriitaisesti, sill\u00e4 se my\u00f6s nostaa kannonkappaleita ja juuria maan pinnan yl\u00e4puolelle. Korjuualojen oksilla kasvoi v\u00e4hemm\u00e4n j\u00e4k\u00e4l\u00e4lajeja kuin kontrollialojen oksilla, ja my\u00f6s korjuualojen kannoilla n\u00e4ytti kasvavan v\u00e4hemm\u00e4n j\u00e4k\u00e4l\u00e4lajeja kuin kontrollialojen kannoilla. Korjuun vaikutusta kokonaislajim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4n tai -monimuotoisuuteen ei kuitenkaan havaittu, mik\u00e4 saattoi johtua siit\u00e4, ett\u00e4 muiden kasvualustojen saatavuus riitti korvaamaan oksien ja kantojen menetyksen. J\u00e4k\u00e4l\u00e4lajim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n ja suurikokoisen lahopuun pinta-alan v\u00e4lill\u00e4 havaittiin positiivinen suhde, kun taas lahopuun monimuotoisuus ja j\u00e4k\u00e4l\u00e4lajim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 eiv\u00e4t korreloineet kesken\u00e4\u00e4n. Hypoteesi lahopuun monimuotoisuuden vaikutuksesta j\u00e4k\u00e4l\u00e4lajim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4n ei siis saanut tukea. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen suurikokoinen lahopuu koostui rungoista ja nostetuista kannoista. Rungot ovat tunnetusti t\u00e4rke\u00e4 kasvualusta j\u00e4k\u00e4lille, mutta nostettujen kantojen roolia j\u00e4k\u00e4lien ja muidenkin lahopuusta riippuvaisten lajien kasvualustana olisi mielenkiintoista tutkia lis\u00e4\u00e4. Vaikka t\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen tulosten perusteella energiapuun korjuun vaikutukset j\u00e4k\u00e4liin eiv\u00e4t vaikuta kovin vakavilta, my\u00f6s muiden lajiryhmien vasteet energiapuun korjuuseen t\u00e4ytyy ottaa huomioon.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Forest-fuel harvesting (FFH) is a growing industry in countries of intensive forest management. FFH is the collection of logging residues for energy production interconnected with thinning and clear-cutting, and it reduces especially the amount of fine woody debris (FWD) and stumps on clear-cuts. With dead wood already being a scarce resource in managed forests, the practice may cause further species loss among dead wood dependent, saproxylic species. This is why it is important to study the effects of FFH on biodiversity. Some of the most important theories for species richness are the theories of species-area relationship (SAR) and the theory of habitat heterogeneity. According to the SAR, when the available area decreases, the number of species it can support decreases as well. The theory can be applied to species that use dead wood primarily as a substrate, such as epixylic lichens. According to the theory of habitat heterogeneity, when the heterogeneity of the habitat decreases, the same often happens considering the species richness. In this study, the effects of FFH on the diversity of dead wood and epixylic lichens (that grow on dead wood) were studied on 12 spruce (Picea abies) dominated sites. The sites were located in Central Finland and Northern Savonia and had been clear-cut about 8 years earlier. FFH had been conducted on 7 sites, and 5 sites without FFH were controls. Different dead wood characteristics were measured and all epixylic macrolichen species surveyed on 3 sampling plots on each site. Even though the overall volume and surface area of dead wood did not significantly differ between treatments, FFH seemed to reduce the amount of stumps and logs. However, FFH additionally increased the aboveground amount of dead wood by lifting uprooted stumps and roots on the surface. There were less lichen species growing on the branches of FFH than of control sites, and the species richness on stumps tended to be lower on FFH than on control sites. However, no effect on the overall species diversity was found. It may be that the availability of other substrates can compensate the loss of branches and stumps for the common macrolichens that were found in the study. A positive SAR was found between coarse woody debris (CWD) and lichen richness, whereas lichen richness did not correlate with the diversity of dead wood. Therefore, the hypothesis of dead wood diversity affecting lichen species richness was not supported. CWD consisted of logs and uprooted stumps in the present study, which indicates that uprooted stumps might be a valuable substrate for lichens along with logs. Although, in the light of the present study, the effects of FFH on the diversity of lichens do not seem severe, FFH does decrease the amount of dead wood, and thus the effects on other saproxylic species need to be studied as well.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Mari J\u00e4ntti (majojant) on 2016-05-03 17:24:19.996770. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). JyX data: [jyx_publishing-allowed (fi) =True]", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija.group@korppi.jyu.fi) on 2016-05-03T17:24:20Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201605032413.pdf: 474993 bytes, checksum: f619cc70ccb5c33b59b536fc8b513342 (MD5)\nlicense.html: 4856 bytes, checksum: a39602c8b362d44f75f67610a3bb7d0c (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-03T17:24:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201605032413.pdf: 474993 bytes, checksum: f619cc70ccb5c33b59b536fc8b513342 (MD5)\nlicense.html: 4856 bytes, checksum: a39602c8b362d44f75f67610a3bb7d0c (MD5)\n Previous issue date: 2016", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "1 verkkoaineisto (33 sivua)", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "bioenergy", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "disturbances", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "habitat heterogeneity", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "logging residues", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "macrolichens", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Picea abies", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "saproxylic species", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "species-area relationship (SAR)", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "bioenergia", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "hakkuut\u00e4hteet", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "h\u00e4iri\u00f6t", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "lahopuusta riippuvaiset lajit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "makroj\u00e4k\u00e4l\u00e4t", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Effects of forest-fuel harvesting on the diversity of dead wood and epixylic macrolichens in clear-cuts", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", 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