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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Tarkka, Ina", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Kujala, Urho", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Koponen, Marja", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2016-04-08T09:35:44Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2016-04-08T09:35:44Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2016", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1525400", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/49285", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Koponen, M. 2016. L\u00e4\u00e4kevalmisteet ja ravintolis\u00e4t suomalaisessa kilpaurheilussa. Terveystieteiden laitos, Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto, liikuntal\u00e4\u00e4ketieteen pro gradu -tutkielma, 56 s, 5 liitett\u00e4.\n\nAikaisemmat tutkimukset ovat osoittaneet l\u00e4\u00e4kevalmisteiden ja ravintolisien k\u00e4yt\u00f6n olevan yleist\u00e4 kilpaurheilijoiden keskuudessa. Tutkimusaineistoa on ker\u00e4tty haastattelemalla, semistrukturoiduilla kyselylomakkeilla sek\u00e4 Olympialaisissa dopingtestauksen yhteydess\u00e4 my\u00f6s dopingtestip\u00f6yt\u00e4kirjoista. Suomessa dopingtestip\u00f6yt\u00e4kirjoja ei ollut aikaisemmin k\u00e4ytetty tutkimusaineistona. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvitt\u00e4\u00e4 suomalaisten kilpaurheilijoiden l\u00e4\u00e4kevalmisteiden ja ravintolisien k\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00e4 vuonna 2014. \n\nTutkimusaineisto koostui 679:n joukkue- (n=349), kest\u00e4vyys- (n=90) ja voimaurheilijan (n=240) vuoden 2014 dopingtestip\u00f6yt\u00e4kirjasta. Tutkimushenkil\u00f6t kuuluivat Suomen kansallisen dopingtestauksen piiriin ja he olivat i\u00e4lt\u00e4\u00e4n 15\u201346 -vuotiaita (keski-ik\u00e4 25,1v, keskihajonta 5,8). Tutkimusaineisto analysointiin IBM SPSS Statistics (versio 22.0) -ohjelmalla. Analysoinnissa k\u00e4ytettiin prosenttijakaumaa, kahden ryhm\u00e4n vertailussa ristiintaulukointia, x2-testi\u00e4 ja yhdensuuntaista varianssianalyysi\u00e4. Useamman ryhm\u00e4n v\u00e4lisess\u00e4 vertailussa k\u00e4ytettiin kahdensuuntaista varianssianalyysi\u00e4.\n\nVuonna 2014 kilpaurheilijoista 62,2 % (n=422) k\u00e4ytti jotakin l\u00e4\u00e4kevalmistetta ja 82,8 % (n=562) jotakin ravintolis\u00e4\u00e4 viimeisen seitsem\u00e4n vuorokauden aikana ennen dopingtesti\u00e4. Keskim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4isesti k\u00e4ytettiin yht\u00e4 l\u00e4\u00e4kevalmistetta ja nelj\u00e4\u00e4 ravintolis\u00e4\u00e4. Urheilijoista alle 8% (n=53) ei k\u00e4ytt\u00e4nyt yht\u00e4\u00e4n l\u00e4\u00e4kevalmistetta tai ravintolis\u00e4\u00e4. Naiset k\u00e4yttiv\u00e4t l\u00e4\u00e4kevalmisteita miehi\u00e4 enemm\u00e4n (p<.001), mutta ravintolisien k\u00e4yt\u00f6ss\u00e4 ei sukupuolten v\u00e4lill\u00e4 ollut tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4\u00e4 eroa. Kest\u00e4vyysurheilijat k\u00e4yttiv\u00e4t enemm\u00e4n l\u00e4\u00e4kevalmisteita verrattuna joukkue- (p<.001) ja voimaurheilijoihin (p=.015). Joukkueurheilijat k\u00e4yttiv\u00e4t v\u00e4hemm\u00e4n ravintolisi\u00e4 kuin voima- (p<.001) ja kest\u00e4vyysurheilijat (p=.016). Kilpailutesteiss\u00e4 testatuista urheilijoista jotakin l\u00e4\u00e4kevalmistetta k\u00e4ytti 61,3 % (n=416) ja jotakin ravintolis\u00e4\u00e4 84,3 % (n=572). Kilpailun ulkopuolella testatuista urheilijoista 60,9 % (n=413) k\u00e4ytti jotakin l\u00e4\u00e4kevalmistetta ja 81,4 % (n=552) jotakin ravintolis\u00e4\u00e4. L\u00e4\u00e4kevalmisteiden ja ravintolisien k\u00e4yt\u00f6ss\u00e4 ei ollut tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4\u00e4 eroa kilpailu- ja kilpailun ulkopuolisissa testeiss\u00e4.\n\nT\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen mukaan l\u00e4\u00e4kevalmisteiden ja ravintolisien k\u00e4ytt\u00f6 suomalaisten kilpaurheilijoiden keskuudessa on yleist\u00e4. Reseptil\u00e4\u00e4kkeiden lis\u00e4ksi itsehoitol\u00e4\u00e4kkeit\u00e4 k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n paljon. Lajiryhm\u00e4 vaikuttaa l\u00e4\u00e4kevalmisteiden ja ravintolisien k\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00f6n. Kest\u00e4vyysurheilijoiden l\u00e4\u00e4kkeiden k\u00e4ytt\u00f6 on suurempaa ja joukkueurheilijoiden ravintolisien k\u00e4ytt\u00f6 v\u00e4h\u00e4isemp\u00e4\u00e4 muihin lajiryhmiin verrattuna. Sukupuoli vaikuttaa l\u00e4\u00e4kevalmisteiden k\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00f6n. Suomalaiset naiskilpaurheilijat k\u00e4ytt\u00e4v\u00e4t l\u00e4\u00e4kevalmisteita miehi\u00e4 enemm\u00e4n. Suurempaa k\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00e4 ei voida selitt\u00e4\u00e4 e-pillereill\u00e4. P\u00e4\u00e4s\u00e4\u00e4nt\u00f6isesti miehet ja naiset k\u00e4ytt\u00e4v\u00e4t samojen l\u00e4\u00e4kevalmistep\u00e4\u00e4ryhmien l\u00e4\u00e4kkeit\u00e4, mutta naiset k\u00e4ytt\u00e4v\u00e4t niit\u00e4 m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4llisesti enemm\u00e4n. Ik\u00e4 saattaa vaikuttaa l\u00e4\u00e4kkeiden ja ravintolisien k\u00e4yt\u00f6n lis\u00e4\u00e4ntymiseen.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Koponen, M. 2016. Medication and Dietary Supplement use in Finnish competitive sports. Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 (Sports and Exercise Medicine), Master\u2019s Thesis, 56 pp, 5 appendices. \n\nPrevious studies have shown that the use of medication and dietary supplement in competitive sports is common. Data has usually been collected by interviews and semistructured questionnaires but also by using Doping Control Form questionnaires during Olympic games. In Finland Doping Control Forms have not previously been used to study Finnish athletes\u2019 use of medication and dietary supplement. Therefore the purpose of this study was to investigate medication and dietary supplement usage in Finnish athletes during year 2014.\n\nData includes 679 Doping Control Forms completed in 2014 including, team sport (n=349), endurance (n=90), and strength (n=240) athletes. All study subjects were assessed as part of the Finnish national doping test program and their age varied between 15\u201346 years (mean-age 25,1y, SD 5,8). Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics (version 22.0) -program. Process percentages were used for descriptive statistics and crosstabs, x2-test and analysis of variance were used to comparative analysis.\n\nIn 2014 62,2 % (n=422) of Finnish athletes used some medication and 82,8 % (n=562) some dietary supplement in the seven-day period leading to the doping control. On average, one medication and four dietary supplement preparations were used. Less than 8 % (n=52) of athletes didn\u2019t use any medication or dietary supplement prior to the doping control. Female athletes used more medication compared with men (p<.001). No statistically significant gender-difference was found in the use of dietary supplements. Endurance athletes used more medication than team sport (p<.001) or strength (p=.015) athletes. Additionally, team sports athletes used less dietary supplements than strength (p<.001) or endurance athletes (p=.016). In competition doping tests (IC), 61,3 % (n=416) of athletes declared some use of medication and 84,3 % (n=572) dietary supplement. Conversely, in out of competition doping test (OOC) 60,9 % (n=413) of athletes declared some use of medication and 81,4 % (n=552) dietary supplement. There were no statistically significant differences in either the use of medication or nutritional supplement between IC and OOC tests. \n\nThese results suggest that the use of medication and dietary supplement in Finnish athletes is high. Both prescription drugs and over the counter drugs are highly used. The type of sport affects to the use of medication and dietary supplements. Endurance athletes use more medication and team sport athletes use less dietary supplements compared to other athlete groups. Gender also seems to affect the medication use and female athletes were found to use more medication than male athletes. The higher use of medication in female athletes can\u2019t be explained by the use of contraceptive pills. Usually, male and female athletes use medication from same medication groups but female athletes use them more. Age might increase the use of medication and dietary supplement.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Marja Koponen (majokopo) on 2016-04-08 09:35:41.714363. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). 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