| fullrecord |
[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Tuhkanen, Tuula", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Haaranen, Ilkka", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2016-01-21T11:27:41Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2016-01-21T11:27:41Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2016", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1507838", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/48409", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Torrefiointi on uusi tapa k\u00e4sitell\u00e4 biomassaa. Torrefioitua biomassaa voidaan k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 korvaaman fossiilisia polttoaineita korkealaatuista polttoainetta vaativissa voimalaitoksissa, joissa perinteisten biopolttoaineiden laatu ei riit\u00e4. Torrefiointi lis\u00e4\u00e4 biomassan energiatiheytt\u00e4 ja tehollista l\u00e4mp\u00f6arvoa merkitt\u00e4v\u00e4sti. Kasvanut energiatiheys alentaa my\u00f6s kuljetuskustannuksia verrattuna muihin biopolttoaineisiin. T\u00e4m\u00e4n vuoksi torrefoidusta biomassasta, erityisesti torrefioiduista puupelleteist\u00e4 on kaavailtu kivihiilen korvaavaa polttoainetta p\u00f6lypolttolaitoksissa. Torrefioitujen puupellettien varastoitavuuden ja kosteuden keston oletetaan olevan tavallisia puupellettej\u00e4 parempi, jolloin niit\u00e4 voitaisiin my\u00f6s varastoida ulkovarastossa. Ulkovarastoinnissa syntyy varastokasojen hulevesi\u00e4 ja torrefoitujen materiaalien hulevesien laatua on tutkittu vain v\u00e4h\u00e4n.\nTy\u00f6n kirjallisuusosa sis\u00e4lt\u00e4\u00e4 yleiskatsaukset torrefioidun polttoaineen valmistukseen ja k\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00f6n, kiinteiden polttoaineiden varastointiin ja niiden ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6vaikutusten arviointiin sek\u00e4 liukoisuustestien suorittamiseen.\nTy\u00f6n kokeellisessa osassa torrefioidun biomassan hulevesien laatua arvioitiin liukoisuuskokeiden avulla ja vertailumateriaalina liukoisuustesteiss\u00e4 k\u00e4ytettiin perinteisist\u00e4 polttoaineista, purua ja kivihiilt\u00e4. Liukoisuustestin\u00e4 k\u00e4ytettiin yksinkertaista ravistelutesti\u00e4, josta saatiin n\u00e4ytteet liukoisten ominaisuuksien (pH, johtokyky, kemiallinen hapenkulutus, liukoinen hiili ja molekyylikokojakauma) m\u00e4\u00e4ritt\u00e4miseen. Lis\u00e4ksi t\u00e4ss\u00e4 ty\u00f6ss\u00e4 arvioitiin j\u00e4\u00e4tymisen ja sulamisen vaikutusta torrefioitujen pellettien liukoisuusominaisuuksiin.\nLiukoisuustestien tuloksista p\u00e4\u00e4teltiin, ett\u00e4 tavallisen ja torrefioidun purun ravistelutestiss\u00e4 irtoavan aineksen v\u00e4lill\u00e4 ei juuri ole eroja m\u00e4\u00e4ritetyiss\u00e4 ominaisuuksissa. Torrefioitujen pellettien j\u00e4\u00e4tymisell\u00e4 ja sulamisella ei ollut vaikutusta mitattuihin ominaisuuksiin liukoisuuskokeissa. Yleisesti puupohjaisten materiaalien liukoisuustestauksien ominaisuuksissa havaittiin alhainen pH-arvo ja korkea johtokyky. Kemiallinen hapenkulutus oli suurta ja orgaanisen hiilen pitoisuus oli t\u00e4h\u00e4n verrattuna v\u00e4h\u00e4isemp\u00e4\u00e4. Liukoisuustestiss\u00e4 torrefioiduista pelleteist\u00e4 liuenneilla orgaanisilla yhdisteill\u00e4 havaittiin olevan pieni molekyylikoko, <500 Daltonia. Kivihiilen n\u00e4ytteill\u00e4 havaittiin korkea pH-arvo ja johtokyky, mutta alhainen kemiallinen hapenkulutus, noin puolet puupohjaisten materiaalien hapenkulutuksesta. My\u00f6s orgaanisen hiilen pitoisuus oli puupohjaisiin materiaaleihin verrattuna alhainen noin kolmasosa. T\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa ei testattu tarkemmin liuenneiden aineiden koostumusta, joka on hyv\u00e4 jatkotutkimuksen aihe.\nTuloksia arvioitaessa tulee huomioida se, ett\u00e4 liukoisuustestaukset laboratorio-olosuhteissa eiv\u00e4t anna t\u00e4ydellist\u00e4 kuvaa todellisissa varastointiolosuhteissa tapahtuvasta liukoisuudesta ja t\u00e4lt\u00e4 osin tarvitaan lis\u00e4testauksia paremman kokonaiskuvan saamiseksi.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Torrefaction is a new way of processing biomass. It increases biomass energy density and effective heating value significantly. Torrefied biomass can be used to replace fossil fuels in facilities that demand high quality fuel, where the quality of conventional biofuels is insufficient. Increased energy density also lower transport cost compared to other biofuels. This is why torrefied biomass especially torrefied wood pellets is expected to replace goal as a fuel in goal power plants. The storage characteristics of torrefied wood pellets are expected to be superior to wood pellets in terms of moisture resistance. This would enable torrefied pellets to be stored outside. In outside storage there\u2019s leachate water from storage piles. In case of torrefied materials there isn\u2019t much research on the aspects of the leachate.\nThe quality of leachate was evaluated with solubility tests and studying the literature and comparing those to conventional fuels like wood dust and goal. The solubility test used was simple shake test. Based on literature the important parameters in leachate are chemical oxygen demand, soluble organic carbon, pH and conductivity. In addition it was tried to qualify does freezing and melting affect the solubility of torrefied pellets.\nBased on the result of the solubility tests it was determined that there\u2019s little to no difference between ordinary and torrefied wood in the measured parameters. In the case of torrefied pellets the freezing melting cycle doesn\u2019t seem to affect the measured parameters. In general in the solubility tests of woody materials low pH and high conductivity was discovered. Also they had high values in chemical oxygen demand but smaller values of soluble organic carbon in comparison. Soluble organic compounds from torrefied pellets had low molecular weight. In coal high pH and conductivity, low chemical oxygen demand and soluble organic carbon were detected. These were half and third of the values observed in woody materials. In this study there was no detailed analysis of the composition of soluble compounds and that is a good subject for further study. \nIn addition it must be noted that the solubility test don\u2019t necessary offer the most realistic view of the storage conditions and further testing is needed in that.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Ilkka Haaranen (iltahaar) on 2016-01-21 11:27:41.417975. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). JyX data: [jyx_publishing-allowed (fi) =True]", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija.group@korppi.jyu.fi) on 2016-01-21T11:27:41Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201601211241.pdf: 1406862 bytes, checksum: c5762f781ab6777d1fd31a624877d5d4 (MD5)\nlicense.html: 4825 bytes, checksum: 0cd62b18251f3130d4b73ca3034fb9b1 (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-21T11:27:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201601211241.pdf: 1406862 bytes, checksum: c5762f781ab6777d1fd31a624877d5d4 (MD5)\nlicense.html: 4825 bytes, checksum: 0cd62b18251f3130d4b73ca3034fb9b1 (MD5)\n Previous issue date: 2016", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "1 verkkoaineisto (59 sivua)", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "torrefiointi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Torrefioimalla k\u00e4sitellyn puun varastoinnissa liukenevat yhdisteet", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201601211241", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Bio- ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biological and Environmental Science", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tiede ja -teknologia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Environmental science and technology", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.updated", "value": "2016-01-21T11:27:42Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "updated", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": null, "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "4015", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "puu", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "biomassa", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "bioenergia", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "polttoaineet", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "varastointi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "liukoisuus", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
|