Topological properties of mono- and multilayer graphene, flat bands and surface superconductivity

Tutustun Pro Gradu -työssäni topologisiin materiaaleihin ja perehdyn grafeenin sekä romboedrisen grafiitin ominaisuuksiin tästä näkökulmasta. Erityisesti tutkin grafeenin alihilasymmetrian rikkoutumisen vaikutuksia grafiitissa lisäämällä heilahtelevan potentiaalin α grafeenin tight-binding -malliin....

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Main Author: Moisala, Terhi
Other Authors: Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta, Faculty of Sciences, Fysiikan laitos, Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylän yliopisto
Format: Master's thesis
Language:eng
Published: 2015
Subjects:
Online Access: https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/46789
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author Moisala, Terhi
author2 Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Fysiikan laitos Department of Physics University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto
author_facet Moisala, Terhi Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Fysiikan laitos Department of Physics University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto Moisala, Terhi Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Fysiikan laitos Department of Physics University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto
author_sort Moisala, Terhi
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description Tutustun Pro Gradu -työssäni topologisiin materiaaleihin ja perehdyn grafeenin sekä romboedrisen grafiitin ominaisuuksiin tästä näkökulmasta. Erityisesti tutkin grafeenin alihilasymmetrian rikkoutumisen vaikutuksia grafiitissa lisäämällä heilahtelevan potentiaalin α grafeenin tight-binding -malliin. Lasken romboedrisen grafiitin matalaenergiatilat tight-binding -mallista ja saan tulokseksi, että α avaa energia-aukon, mutta säilyttää vyön tasomaisen muodon, joka on saatu artikkelissa [16]. Tutkin työssäni myös heilahtelevan potentiaalin vaikutusta romboedrisen grafiitin suprajohtaviin pintatiloihin. Päätulokseni on, että heilahteleva potentiaali rikkoo grafiitin pintojen välisen symmetrian ja tuottaa näille eri järjestysparametrit, kun systeemillä on äärellinen kemiallinen potentiaali. Muuttamalla kemiallista potentiaalia epäsymmetriaa voidaan kasvattaa niin, että suprajohtavuutta esiintyy vain toisella pinnalla. Saan lisäksi numeerisesta analyysistä epäsymmetriset ratkaisut myös silloin, kun kemiallista potentiaalia ei ole, mitä ei voida selittää tämän mallin avulla. Kyseessä saattaa olla metastabiili tila tai täysin numeerinen ongelma, jonka analyysin jätän myöhempiin tutkimuksiin. In this thesis I study the symmetries and topological properties of graphene and rhombohedral graphite. To break the sublattice symmetry of graphene I add a staggering potential α to the model. I study the effect of α in graphite by calculating the low energy dispersion relations in the bulk and on the surfaces. I get as a result that α opens up a gap to the surface states of graphite, but retains the form of a flat band obtained in [16]. I also study the superconducting surface states of rhombohedral graphite in the presence of a staggering potential. I get that the staggering potential breaks the symmetry between the surface layers and produces different order parameters for the two surfaces in the presence of non-zero chemical potential. The asymmetry can be tuned with suitable doping such that the superconductivity occurs only on the other surface. I also obtain a peculiar asymmetry in the numerical solutions for the order parameters even for zero doping, that cannot be explained by the theory. This may be a metastable state or a numerical issue, that should be analysed in detail in future studies.
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spellingShingle Moisala, Terhi Topological properties of mono- and multilayer graphene, flat bands and surface superconductivity superconductivity graphene graphite flat bands topological materials Teoreettinen fysiikka Theoretical Physics 4024 suprajohtavuus grafeeni
title Topological properties of mono- and multilayer graphene, flat bands and surface superconductivity
title_full Topological properties of mono- and multilayer graphene, flat bands and surface superconductivity
title_fullStr Topological properties of mono- and multilayer graphene, flat bands and surface superconductivity Topological properties of mono- and multilayer graphene, flat bands and surface superconductivity
title_full_unstemmed Topological properties of mono- and multilayer graphene, flat bands and surface superconductivity Topological properties of mono- and multilayer graphene, flat bands and surface superconductivity
title_short Topological properties of mono- and multilayer graphene, flat bands and surface superconductivity
title_sort topological properties of mono and multilayer graphene flat bands and surface superconductivity
title_txtP Topological properties of mono- and multilayer graphene, flat bands and surface superconductivity
topic superconductivity graphene graphite flat bands topological materials Teoreettinen fysiikka Theoretical Physics 4024 suprajohtavuus grafeeni
topic_facet 4024 Teoreettinen fysiikka Theoretical Physics flat bands grafeeni graphene graphite superconductivity suprajohtavuus topological materials
url https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/46789 http://www.urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201509082834
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