The effect of high-intensity interval exercise program on blood lipids and hormones in recreationally active adults

Johdanto. Tyypin 2 diabetes sekä verenkieroelimistön sairaudet ovat yleistyneet ja niiden tehokkaimpana ehkäisynä pidetään liikuntaa. Suomessa ihmiset eivät noudata liikuntasuosi-tuksia ja syyksi inaktiivisuuteen sanotaankin olevan ajan ja motivaation puute. Korkeate-hoinen intervalliharjoittelu on...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Malmivaara, Susanna
Other Authors: Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Liikuntabiologian laitos, Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylän yliopisto
Format: Master's thesis
Language:eng
Published: 2015
Subjects:
Online Access: https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/46442
_version_ 1826225785835356160
author Malmivaara, Susanna
author2 Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences Liikuntabiologian laitos Department of Biology of Physical Activity University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto
author_facet Malmivaara, Susanna Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences Liikuntabiologian laitos Department of Biology of Physical Activity University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto Malmivaara, Susanna Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences Liikuntabiologian laitos Department of Biology of Physical Activity University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto
author_sort Malmivaara, Susanna
datasource_str_mv jyx
description Johdanto. Tyypin 2 diabetes sekä verenkieroelimistön sairaudet ovat yleistyneet ja niiden tehokkaimpana ehkäisynä pidetään liikuntaa. Suomessa ihmiset eivät noudata liikuntasuosi-tuksia ja syyksi inaktiivisuuteen sanotaankin olevan ajan ja motivaation puute. Korkeate-hoinen intervalliharjoittelu on ollut suosittua siksi, että se säästää aikaa ja sen vaikutuksien terveyteen ja kuntoon ajatellaan olevan vähintäänkin samanlaiset kun aerobisen harjoittelun. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli tutkia onko kahden erityyppisen intervalliharjoittelun (juoksu ja kuntopiiri) välillä eroja veren lipideissä ja hormoneissa, kun työmäärä ja intensiteetti pysyvät samana. Tällä hetkellä tutkimuksia tästä aiheesta on hyvin rajallisesti. Tarkoituksena oli lisäksi tutkia, kuinka korkeatehoinen intervalli harjoittelu eroaa perintei-sestä tasavauhtisesta harjoittelusta. Menetelmät. Koehenkilöinä oli 24 tervettä, kuntolii-kuntaa harrastavaa aikuista. Koehenkilöt arvottiin satunnaisesti yhteen kolmesta ryhmästä: korkeatehoinen intervalliharjoittelu juosten, korkeatehoinen intervalliharjoittelu kuntopiirinä tai tasavauhtinen harjoittelu juosten. Koehenkilöt harjoittelivat kolme kertaa viikossa 8 viikon ajan. HIIT juosten sisälsi 8–10 x 1 min submaksimaalisia vetoja 30 sekunnin palau-tuksella, kuntopiiri sisälsi 8–10 lihaskuntoliikettä (minuutin per liike) 30 sekunnin palau-tuksella ja tasavauhtinen juoksu koostui 40–60 minuutin aerobisesta juoksemisesta. Veri-näytteet otettiin ennen ja jälkeen harjoittelujakson ja niistä analysoitiin kokonaiskolesteroli, HDL, LDL, triglyseridit, glyseroli, vapaat rasvahapot, insuliini, leptiini sekä kortisoli. Koe-henkilöt pitivät tutkimuksen aikana kahdesti ruokapäiväkirjaa, jotka analysoitiin NutriFlow -ohjelmalla. Tulokset. Päätulos tässä tutkimuksessa oli se, että 8 viikon harjoittelun jälkeen rasvoissa ja hormoneissa kahden erilaisen korkeatehoisen intervalliharjoittelun välillä ei ole eroja. Toinen päätulos oli se, että insuliini laski merkitsevästi 16,7 % molempien intervalli-harjoittelujaksojen seurauksena (ennen 60,0±29,8 pmol/l ja jälkeen 50±15,4 pmol/l). Tut-kimuksessa ei havaittu muita merkittäviä muutoksia. Pohdinta. Tämän tutkimuksen perus-teella, 8 viikon mittainen korkeatehoinen intervalliharjoittelu laskee veren insuliinipitoisuutta vaikuttamatta veren glukoosipitoisuuteen. Näyttäisi siltä, että intervalliharjoittelu tehostaa insuliinin toimintaa ja siten vähemmän insuliinia tarvitaan glukoosin kuljettamiseen soluihin. Introduction. Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases have become more and more common and the best known prevention is physical activity. People in Finland are poorly following physical activity regulations and the most common reasons for inactivity are lack of time and lack of motivation. High-intensity interval training has become very trendy and popular as it is time efficient, and the effects to fitness and health are thought to be at least the same than after traditional aerobic training. The purpose of this study was to investigate, if there are differences in blood lipids and hormones between the two different types of HIIT protocols (HIIT running versus HIIT circuit) when the amount of work and intensity are the same but the training method is different. Currently, the existing data is limited. The objective was also to study, if these two HIIT protocols differ from traditional continuous aerobic running when considering fitness and health parameters. Methods. In this study, there were 24 healthy, recreationally active adults as subjects. The subjects were randomly assigned to one of the tree groups: high-intensity interval running (HIIT, n=8), high-intensity interval circuit training (HICT, n=8) or steady-state running (n=8). The subjects trained three times per week for 8 weeks. The HIIT consisted of 8–10 x 1 min submaximal running intervals separated with 30 s active recovery, HICT consisted of 8–10 exercises performed maximally as circuit training (one minute per exercise) separated with a 30 s recovery between the movements and steady-state running consisted of 40–60 minutes steady state running. Blood samples were taken before and after the eight week training period and TC, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, glycerol, FFA, insulin, leptin and cortisol were analyzed. In addition, the subjects kept a 5-day food diary twice during the study period and the diaries were analyzed with NutriFlow-program. Results. The main result was that there were no differences between the HIIT and HICT groups in any of the measured variable. Insulin decreased significantly after 8-week high-intensity interval training (both interval groups combined) by 16,7 % (from 60,0±29,8 pmol/l to 50±15,4 pmol/l). There were no other significant changes. Discussion. Based on this study, the 8-week high-intensity interval training decreases insu-lin concentration in blood without affecting blood glucose concentration. It seems that high-intensity interval training facilitates insulin to function more efficiently, so less insulin is needed for glucose transportation.
first_indexed 2023-03-22T09:57:10Z
format Pro gradu
free_online_boolean 1
fullrecord [{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Kainulainen, Heikki", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Pullinen , Teemu", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Malmivaara, Susanna", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2015-06-30T17:48:50Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2015-06-30T17:48:50Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2015", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1476999", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/46442", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Johdanto. Tyypin 2 diabetes sek\u00e4 verenkieroelimist\u00f6n sairaudet ovat yleistyneet ja niiden tehokkaimpana ehk\u00e4isyn\u00e4 pidet\u00e4\u00e4n liikuntaa. Suomessa ihmiset eiv\u00e4t noudata liikuntasuosi-tuksia ja syyksi inaktiivisuuteen sanotaankin olevan ajan ja motivaation puute. Korkeate-hoinen intervalliharjoittelu on ollut suosittua siksi, ett\u00e4 se s\u00e4\u00e4st\u00e4\u00e4 aikaa ja sen vaikutuksien terveyteen ja kuntoon ajatellaan olevan v\u00e4hint\u00e4\u00e4nkin samanlaiset kun aerobisen harjoittelun. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli tutkia onko kahden erityyppisen intervalliharjoittelun (juoksu ja kuntopiiri) v\u00e4lill\u00e4 eroja veren lipideiss\u00e4 ja hormoneissa, kun ty\u00f6m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 ja intensiteetti pysyv\u00e4t samana. T\u00e4ll\u00e4 hetkell\u00e4 tutkimuksia t\u00e4st\u00e4 aiheesta on hyvin rajallisesti. Tarkoituksena oli lis\u00e4ksi tutkia, kuinka korkeatehoinen intervalli harjoittelu eroaa perintei-sest\u00e4 tasavauhtisesta harjoittelusta. \r\n\r\nMenetelm\u00e4t. Koehenkil\u00f6in\u00e4 oli 24 tervett\u00e4, kuntolii-kuntaa harrastavaa aikuista. Koehenkil\u00f6t arvottiin satunnaisesti yhteen kolmesta ryhm\u00e4st\u00e4: korkeatehoinen intervalliharjoittelu juosten, korkeatehoinen intervalliharjoittelu kuntopiirin\u00e4 tai tasavauhtinen harjoittelu juosten. Koehenkil\u00f6t harjoittelivat kolme kertaa viikossa 8 viikon ajan. HIIT juosten sis\u00e4lsi 8\u201310 x 1 min submaksimaalisia vetoja 30 sekunnin palau-tuksella, kuntopiiri sis\u00e4lsi 8\u201310 lihaskuntoliikett\u00e4 (minuutin per liike) 30 sekunnin palau-tuksella ja tasavauhtinen juoksu koostui 40\u201360 minuutin aerobisesta juoksemisesta. Veri-n\u00e4ytteet otettiin ennen ja j\u00e4lkeen harjoittelujakson ja niist\u00e4 analysoitiin kokonaiskolesteroli, HDL, LDL, triglyseridit, glyseroli, vapaat rasvahapot, insuliini, leptiini sek\u00e4 kortisoli. Koe-henkil\u00f6t pitiv\u00e4t tutkimuksen aikana kahdesti ruokap\u00e4iv\u00e4kirjaa, jotka analysoitiin NutriFlow -ohjelmalla. \r\n\r\nTulokset. P\u00e4\u00e4tulos t\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa oli se, ett\u00e4 8 viikon harjoittelun j\u00e4lkeen rasvoissa ja hormoneissa kahden erilaisen korkeatehoisen intervalliharjoittelun v\u00e4lill\u00e4 ei ole eroja. Toinen p\u00e4\u00e4tulos oli se, ett\u00e4 insuliini laski merkitsev\u00e4sti 16,7 % molempien intervalli-harjoittelujaksojen seurauksena (ennen 60,0\u00b129,8 pmol/l ja j\u00e4lkeen 50\u00b115,4 pmol/l). Tut-kimuksessa ei havaittu muita merkitt\u00e4vi\u00e4 muutoksia. \r\n\r\nPohdinta. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen perus-teella, 8 viikon mittainen korkeatehoinen intervalliharjoittelu laskee veren insuliinipitoisuutta vaikuttamatta veren glukoosipitoisuuteen. N\u00e4ytt\u00e4isi silt\u00e4, ett\u00e4 intervalliharjoittelu tehostaa insuliinin toimintaa ja siten v\u00e4hemm\u00e4n insuliinia tarvitaan glukoosin kuljettamiseen soluihin.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Introduction. Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases have become more and more common and the best known prevention is physical activity. People in Finland are poorly following physical activity regulations and the most common reasons for inactivity are lack of time and lack of motivation. High-intensity interval training has become very trendy and popular as it is time efficient, and the effects to fitness and health are thought to be at least the same than after traditional aerobic training. The purpose of this study was to investigate, if there are differences in blood lipids and hormones between the two different types of HIIT protocols (HIIT running versus HIIT circuit) when the amount of work and intensity are the same but the training method is different. Currently, the existing data is limited. The objective was also to study, if these two HIIT protocols differ from traditional continuous aerobic running when considering fitness and health parameters.\r\n\r\nMethods. In this study, there were 24 healthy, recreationally active adults as subjects. The subjects were randomly assigned to one of the tree groups: high-intensity interval running (HIIT, n=8), high-intensity interval circuit training (HICT, n=8) or steady-state running (n=8). The subjects trained three times per week for 8 weeks. The HIIT consisted of 8\u201310 x 1 min submaximal running intervals separated with 30 s active recovery, HICT consisted of 8\u201310 exercises performed maximally as circuit training (one minute per exercise) separated with a 30 s recovery between the movements and steady-state running consisted of 40\u201360 minutes steady state running. Blood samples were taken before and after the eight week training period and TC, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, glycerol, FFA, insulin, leptin and cortisol were analyzed. In addition, the subjects kept a 5-day food diary twice during the study period and the diaries were analyzed with NutriFlow-program.\r\n\r\n\r\nResults. The main result was that there were no differences between the HIIT and HICT groups in any of the measured variable. Insulin decreased significantly after 8-week high-intensity interval training (both interval groups combined) by 16,7 % (from 60,0\u00b129,8 pmol/l to 50\u00b115,4 pmol/l). There were no other significant changes. \r\n\r\n\r\nDiscussion. Based on this study, the 8-week high-intensity interval training decreases insu-lin concentration in blood without affecting blood glucose concentration. It seems that high-intensity interval training facilitates insulin to function more efficiently, so less insulin is needed for glucose transportation.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Susanna Malmivaara (suelmalm) on 2015-06-30 17:48:50.471123. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). JyX data: [jyx_publishing-allowed (fi) =True]", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija.group@korppi.jyu.fi) on 2015-06-30T17:48:50Z\r\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\r\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201506302483.pdf: 1357004 bytes, checksum: 1ca072ee6869ab65634296f7a7017924 (MD5)\r\nlicense.html: 4882 bytes, checksum: 2cb42dd0d005ce2bf30db065d42f47e2 (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-30T17:48:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\r\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201506302483.pdf: 1357004 bytes, checksum: 1ca072ee6869ab65634296f7a7017924 (MD5)\r\nlicense.html: 4882 bytes, checksum: 2cb42dd0d005ce2bf30db065d42f47e2 (MD5)\r\n Previous issue date: 2015", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "1 verkkoaineisto (77 sivua)", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "blood lipids", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "hormones", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "high-intensity interval training", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "high-intensity circuit training", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "steady-state training", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "The effect of high-intensity interval exercise program on blood lipids and hormones in recreationally active adults", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201506302483", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Liikuntabiologian laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biology of Physical Activity", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Liikuntafysiologia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Exercise Physiology", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.updated", "value": "2015-06-30T17:48:51Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "updated", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "5011", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "veri", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "lipidit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "hormonit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "intervalliharjoittelu", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "kuntoliikunta", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
id jyx.123456789_46442
language eng
last_indexed 2025-02-18T10:54:16Z
main_date 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z
main_date_str 2015
online_boolean 1
online_urls_str_mv {"url":"https:\/\/jyx.jyu.fi\/bitstreams\/4322fa89-0865-4c99-8af3-6a4cee568a3b\/download","text":"URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201506302483.pdf","source":"jyx","mediaType":"application\/pdf"}
publishDate 2015
record_format qdc
source_str_mv jyx
spellingShingle Malmivaara, Susanna The effect of high-intensity interval exercise program on blood lipids and hormones in recreationally active adults blood lipids hormones high-intensity interval training high-intensity circuit training steady-state training Liikuntafysiologia Exercise Physiology 5011 veri lipidit hormonit intervalliharjoittelu kuntoliikunta
title The effect of high-intensity interval exercise program on blood lipids and hormones in recreationally active adults
title_full The effect of high-intensity interval exercise program on blood lipids and hormones in recreationally active adults
title_fullStr The effect of high-intensity interval exercise program on blood lipids and hormones in recreationally active adults The effect of high-intensity interval exercise program on blood lipids and hormones in recreationally active adults
title_full_unstemmed The effect of high-intensity interval exercise program on blood lipids and hormones in recreationally active adults The effect of high-intensity interval exercise program on blood lipids and hormones in recreationally active adults
title_short The effect of high-intensity interval exercise program on blood lipids and hormones in recreationally active adults
title_sort effect of high intensity interval exercise program on blood lipids and hormones in recreationally active adults
title_txtP The effect of high-intensity interval exercise program on blood lipids and hormones in recreationally active adults
topic blood lipids hormones high-intensity interval training high-intensity circuit training steady-state training Liikuntafysiologia Exercise Physiology 5011 veri lipidit hormonit intervalliharjoittelu kuntoliikunta
topic_facet 5011 Exercise Physiology Liikuntafysiologia blood lipids high-intensity circuit training high-intensity interval training hormones hormonit intervalliharjoittelu kuntoliikunta lipidit steady-state training veri
url https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/46442 http://www.urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201506302483
work_keys_str_mv AT malmivaarasusanna effectofhighintensityintervalexerciseprogramonbloodlipidsandhormonesinrecreati AT malmivaarasusanna theeffectofhighintensityintervalexerciseprogramonbloodlipidsandhormonesinrecre