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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Vehni\u00e4inen, Eeva-Riikka", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Kukkonen, Jussi", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Kakko, Sari", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2015-03-16T14:26:36Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2015-03-16T14:26:36Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2014", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1468263", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/45512", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6ss\u00e4 esiintyy laajalti erilaisia eli\u00f6ille haitallisia sek\u00e4 luonnollisia ett\u00e4 ihmisper\u00e4isi\u00e4 aineita ja kemikaaleja. Haitallisten aineiden m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6ss\u00e4 tulee lis\u00e4\u00e4ntym\u00e4\u00e4n kasvavan kemikaalien k\u00e4yt\u00f6n my\u00f6t\u00e4. Eli\u00f6iden selviytymisen kannalta mekanismit, joilla haitallisia aineita voidaan poistaa soluista ja kudoksista ovat elint\u00e4rkeit\u00e4. Tunnetuimpina mekanismeina haitallisia vierasaineita sek\u00e4 solujen omien aineenvaihdunnan tuotteita vastaan pidet\u00e4\u00e4n erilaisia detoksifikaatioprosessaja. N\u00e4iss\u00e4 detoksifikaatioprosesseissa solun sis\u00e4lle kertyneit\u00e4 aineita pyrit\u00e4\u00e4n poistamaan soluista entsymaattisen muutunnan avulla. \nEr\u00e4s solutasoinen mekanismi, jolla haitallisten aineiden p\u00e4\u00e4sy\u00e4 ja kertymist\u00e4 soluihin sek\u00e4 kudoksiin voidaan est\u00e4\u00e4, on multiksenobioottiinen resistenssi MXR. MXR-mekanismi perustuu solukalvolla sijaitseviin ATP:t\u00e4 sitoviin ja hydrolysoiviin ABC-proteiineihin. ABC-proteiinit ovat yksi laajimpia proteiiniryhmi\u00e4. Niit\u00e4 on todettu esiintyv\u00e4n kaikilla tutkituilla eli\u00f6ill\u00e4. MXR-mekanismia hoitavat ABC-proteiinit omaavat laajan substraattispesifisyyden ja pystyv\u00e4t siten poistamaan soluista my\u00f6s monia haitallisia yhdisteit\u00e4. ABC-proteiinien toiminta voi kuitenkin esty\u00e4 erilaisten ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6\u00f6n joutuneiden kemikaalien vaikutuksesta, jolloin haitallisia aineita p\u00e4\u00e4see kertym\u00e4\u00e4n eli\u00f6iden soluihin. ABC-proteiinien esiintymist\u00e4 voidaan helposti tutkia proteiinien substraatteina toimivien fluoresoivien v\u00e4riaineiden tai radioaktiivisten aineiden sek\u00e4 proteiinien toimintaa est\u00e4vien tietyille ABC-proteiiniryhmille spesifisten inhibiittoreiden avulla.\nT\u00e4ss\u00e4 opinn\u00e4ytety\u00f6ss\u00e4 tutkittiin MXR-mekanismin toimintaa sek\u00e4 ABC-proteiinien esiintymist\u00e4 t\u00e4ysikasvuisella vesikirpulla (Daphnia magna) proteiinien substraatteina ja inhibiittoreina toimivien aineiden avulla. Ty\u00f6ss\u00e4 tutkittiin my\u00f6s nikkelin ja kadmiumin vaikutusta MXR-mekanismin toimintaan. Tuloksissa ainoastaan ABCB-proteiiniryhm\u00e4n esiintymisest\u00e4 saatiin selvyys D. magnalla kyseist\u00e4 proteiiniryhm\u00e4n toimintaa inhiboivan reversiini 205:n vaikutuksesta pitoisuuksilla 5 \u00b5M ja 20 \u00b5M. Viel\u00e4 tiedet\u00e4\u00e4n ainoastaan v\u00e4h\u00e4n siit\u00e4, millaiset yhdisteet voivat toimia ABC-proteiinien toimesta poistettavina substraatteina ja niiden toimintaa est\u00e4vin\u00e4 inhibiittoreina. MXR-mekanismin ollessa keskeisess\u00e4 asemassa est\u00e4m\u00e4ss\u00e4 haitallisten aineiden kertymist\u00e4 eli\u00f6ihin, tarvitaan lis\u00e4\u00e4 tutkimusta kyseist\u00e4 mekanismia haittaavien aineiden selvitt\u00e4miseen.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "There exist various harmful chemicals in the environment. The amount of chemical will increases in the environment when the using of different chemical increases. So mechanisms that can help organisms to survive in polluted environments and to efflux harmful chemicals are vital. Xenobiotic toxicants and endogenous metabolites are usually efflux by detoxification processes which metabolize toxins to be more easily excreted from the cytoplasm.\nOrganisms can also avoid natural toxins and anthropogenic chemicals via so called multixenobiotic resistance mechanism MXR. MXR mechanism is expression of transmembrane transporter proteins which can efflux both endogenous compounds and environmental toxins from cells. All multixenobiotic resistance proteins belong to the ATP-binding cassette superfamily ABC. These proteins use energy from ATP hydrolysis to transport molecules across cell membranes. ABC proteins are one of the largest protein classes known and they are present in all organism and living cells. ABC proteins possess very large substrate specificity. They can efflux many physically and chemically different chemicals from the cells. The effective xenobiotic transport by ABC proteins can be however inhibited by many chemicals. Inhibition of the transporter activity allows harmful chemicals enter to the cytoplasm. Presence of these proteins can be measured with fluorescent dyes or radioactive compounds which act as substrates of the transporter proteins and specific protein inhibitors. When effective transporter proteins exist in the cellular membrane, only a few dye molecules enter the cytoplasm. \nThe aim of this study was to determine the function of MXR mechanism and the presence of ABC proteins with water flea Daphnia magna by using specific protein substrates and inhibitors. We also studied the effect of cadmium and nickel metals to the MXR mechanism. According to the results there exist only effective ABCC-family proteins in D. magna. Concentrations 5 \u00b5M and 20 \u00b5M of specific ABCC inhibitor reversin 205 caused more substrate accumulation in the D. magna cells than in the control.\nThere is only limited information about what kind of chemicals can act as ABC protein inhibitors or substrates. More study is needed for the characterization of these compounds.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Sari Kakko (sahaheka) on 2015-03-16 14:26:35.136239. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). JyX data: [jyx_publishing-allowed (fi) =True]", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija@noreply.fi) on 2015-03-16T14:26:36Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201503161470.pdf: 1170392 bytes, checksum: 8628900b38e2a0db6654ab9063536b69 (MD5)\nlicense.html: 4800 bytes, checksum: 0a48fbbfceb0b2e6803a1322b78e3f41 (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-16T14:26:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201503161470.pdf: 1170392 bytes, checksum: 8628900b38e2a0db6654ab9063536b69 (MD5)\nlicense.html: 4800 bytes, checksum: 0a48fbbfceb0b2e6803a1322b78e3f41 (MD5)\n Previous issue date: 2014", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "1 verkkoaineisto (48 sivua)", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "MXR-mekanismi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "MXR-mekanismin toiminta vesikirpulla Daphnia magna", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201503161470", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Bio- ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biological and Environmental Science", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tiede ja -teknologia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Environmental science and technology", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.updated", "value": "2015-03-16T14:26:37Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "updated", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": null, "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "4015", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "proteiinit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "vesikirput", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "nikkeli", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "kadmium", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
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