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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Sipil\u00e4, Sarianna", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Saikkonen, Henna", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2014-12-30T19:42:28Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2014-12-30T19:42:28Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2014", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1464989", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/44999", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "ALARAAJAPAINOTTEISEN KUNTOSALIHARJOITTELUJAKSON AIKANA HAVAITUT MUUTOKSET YLI 65-VUOTIAIDEN P\u00c4IV\u00c4SAIRAALA-ASIAKKAIDEN TOIMINTAKYVYSS\u00c4\n\nHenna Saikkonen\nPro gradu \u2013tutkielma\nGerontologia ja kansanterveys\nJyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto, liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta, terveystieteiden laitos\nSyksy 2014\n33 sivua\n\nIk\u00e4\u00e4ntymisen my\u00f6t\u00e4 lihasvoimassa, lihasmassassa ja lihaksen laadullisissa tekij\u00f6iss\u00e4 tapahtuu muutoksia, jotka ovat seurausta mm. hermo-lihasj\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4n heikkenemisest\u00e4. Alaraajojen lihasvoiman heikkeneminen vaikeuttaa liikkumista ja suoriutumista p\u00e4ivitt\u00e4isist\u00e4 toiminnoista, sek\u00e4 ennustaa my\u00f6hemmin ilmaantuvien toiminnanvajavuuksien syntymist\u00e4. Kohtalaisen kuormittavalla tai kuormittavalla kuntosaliharjoittelulla voidaan lis\u00e4t\u00e4 ik\u00e4\u00e4ntyvien lihasvoimaa, joka edesauttaa toimintakyvyn s\u00e4ilymist\u00e4 hyv\u00e4n\u00e4. T\u00e4m\u00e4n pro gradu-tutkielman tarkoituksena oli selvitt\u00e4\u00e4 20 viikkoa kest\u00e4neen alaraajapainotteisen kuntosaliharjoittelujakson aikaisia muutoksia yli 65-vuotiaiden p\u00e4iv\u00e4sairaala-asiakkaiden toimintakyvyss\u00e4.\n\nTutkimus oli \u201dyhden ryhm\u00e4n ennen-j\u00e4lkeen-asetelma\u201d. Tutkimukseen osallistujat (n=22) koostuivat jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4l\u00e4isist\u00e4 yli 65-vuotiaista kotona asuvista p\u00e4iv\u00e4sairaalan asiakkaista, joilla kotona selviytyminen oli vaikeutunut toimintakyvyn heikkenemisen vuoksi. Valinnan harjoitteluun osallistuvista teki p\u00e4iv\u00e4sairaalan vastaava l\u00e4\u00e4k\u00e4ri. Tutkimukseen valittiin p\u00e4iv\u00e4sairaala-asiakkaista ne, jotka mahdollisesti hy\u00f6tyisiv\u00e4t kuntosaliharjoittelusta. Poissulkukriteerein\u00e4 olivat keskivaikea tai vaikea dementia, akuutit sairaudet ja leikkausoperaatiot sek\u00e4 alle 65 vuoden ik\u00e4. Harjoittelu toteutui tutkimukseen osallistuvien p\u00e4iv\u00e4sairaalak\u00e4yntien yhteydess\u00e4 kerran viikossa, yhteens\u00e4 20 viikon ajan. Harjoittelussa pyrittiin lis\u00e4\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n progressiivisesti lihasvoimaa etenkin lonkan ojentajissa, loitontajissa ja l\u00e4hent\u00e4jiss\u00e4 sek\u00e4 polven ojentajissa ja koukistajissa. Tutkimukseen osallistuville tehtiin polven maksimaalisen isometrisen ojennusvoiman mittaus, 5x tuolilta yl\u00f6snousutesti ja maksimaalinen 10 metrin k\u00e4velynopeustesti ennen tutkimuksen alkua, 10 harjoittelukerran j\u00e4lkeen ja 20 harjoittelukerran j\u00e4lkeen intervention aikaisten toimintakyvyss\u00e4 tapahtuvien muutosten mittaamiseksi.\n\nAineistoa tarkasteltiin tunnusluvuin, histogrammein ja parametrisuustestein. I\u00e4n, sukupuolen ja harjoittelukertojen lukum\u00e4\u00e4rien keskiarvojen vertailuissa k\u00e4ytettiin Mann Whitneyn U-testi\u00e4 ja Wilcoxonin merkittyjen sijalukujen testi\u00e4, jotka soveltuvat pienelle aineistolle, joka ei ole normaalijakautunut.\n\nIntervention aikana havaittiin tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4t muutokset kaikissa muuttujissa koko tutkimusjoukossa alku- ja loppumittausten v\u00e4lill\u00e4. Erityisen merkitsev\u00e4 muutos oli 5x tuolilta yl\u00f6snousussa (p<0,001), jossa tulos parani intervention aikana 42 %, mutta selke\u00e4 my\u00f6s polven isometrisess\u00e4 ojennusvoimassa (muutosprosentti 13 %, p=0,001) ja maksimaalisessa 10 metrin k\u00e4velynopeudessa (muutosprosentti 16 %, p=0,007). Johtop\u00e4\u00e4t\u00f6ksen\u00e4 voidaan todeta, ett\u00e4 harjoitteluun osallistuneilla alaraajojen lihasvoima ja liikkumiskyky paranivat harjoittelujakson aikana.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "OBSERVED CHANGES IN THE FUNCTIONAL ABILITY OF DAY HOSPITAL CLIENTS OVER 65 DURING LOWER EXTREMITY GYM TRAINING\n\nHenna Saikkonen\nMaster\u00b4s Thesis\nGerontology and public health\nUniversity of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Health Sciences\nAutumn 2014\n33 pages\n\nWith ageing there will occur changes in muscle strength, muscle mass and in muscle quality in part due to decline in neuromuscular system. Decreasing lower extremity strength makes it difficult to move and to perform activities of daily living, and predicts increasing disability in later life. Moderate or high-intensity resistance training can increase muscle strength in aged people, which helps to maintain functional ability. The purpose of this master\u00b4s thesis was to find out functional ability changes in clients over 65 who are in a day hospital during 20 week lasting lower extremity resistance training.\n\nThe study was \u201cone group pre-post design\u201d. Participants (n=22) were over 65-year-old community-dwelling older people living in the city of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4. They were day hospital clients having difficulties with living in their private houses because of the decreasing functional ability. The physician-in-charge of the day hospital selected the participants of the training group. Day hospital clients assessed possibly getting benefit of the training were chosen to study. Contraindications for the training were moderate or difficult dementia, acute diseases or surgical operations and age under 65. Training occurred once a week together with the day hospital visit under 20 weeks. The aim of the training was to progressively increase muscle strength in the extensors, abductors and adductors of the hip, and in the extensors and flexors of the knee. All subjects were tested in baseline and after 10 and 20 weeks of exercise to find out the changes in the functional ability which had happen during the intervention.\n\nThe material was examined with statistics, histograms and parameter-tests. To compare the mean values of the age, sex and the number of the training sessions the statistical methods used were Mann Whitney\u00b4s U-test and Wilcoxon\u00b4s signed rank test applying to the small material not assumed to be normally distributed.\n\nStatistically significant affect was clearly shown during the intervention among all the variables in whole the group between the baseline and final measurements. The change was especially significant in 5x chair-rise (p<0,001), in which the result improved under the intervention 42 %, but clear also in knee isometric extension strength (change percentage 13 %, p=0.001) and 10 meters maximum walking speed (change percentage 16 %, p=0,007). In conclusion, the lower extremity strength and locomotion improved during the training period.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Henna Saikkonen (hesaikko) on 2014-12-30 19:42:27.542476. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). 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