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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Soulsbury, Carl", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Kervinen, Matti", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Nieminen, Eini", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2014-12-02T08:32:31Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2014-12-02T08:32:31Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2014", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1453077", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/44793", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Seksuaalivalinta aiheuttaa yksil\u00f6iden v\u00e4lille kilpailua parittelukumppaneista, mink\u00e4 johdosta osa yksil\u00f6ist\u00e4 lis\u00e4\u00e4ntyy toisia enemm\u00e4n. Elinkiertoteorian mukaan yksil\u00f6t eiv\u00e4t niukkojen resurssien vuoksi pysty tehokkaasti kohdentamaan energiaa samanaikaisesti useisiin toimintoihin, kuten kasvuun, selviytymiseen ja lis\u00e4\u00e4ntymiseen. Ik\u00e4, suuri koko ja n\u00e4ytt\u00e4v\u00e4t seksuaaliornamentit ovat seksuaalivalinnassa menestyv\u00e4n yksil\u00f6n merkkej\u00e4, sill\u00e4 t\u00e4llaisilla yksil\u00f6ill\u00e4 riitt\u00e4\u00e4 energiaa elint\u00e4rkeiden toimintojen lis\u00e4ksi my\u00f6s lis\u00e4\u00e4ntymiseen. Tavallisesti ne menestyv\u00e4tkin parhaiten kilpailussa parittelukumppaneista. Nuoret tai huonokuntoiset yksil\u00f6t voivat kuitenkin turvautua vaihtoehtoisiin lis\u00e4\u00e4ntymisstrategioihin v\u00e4ltt\u00e4\u00e4kseen suoraa kilpailua dominoivien yksil\u00f6iden kanssa ja parantaakseen lis\u00e4\u00e4ntymismenestyst\u00e4\u00e4n. T\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa perehdyttiin nuorten teerikukkojen (Tetrao tetrix) soidinvireyden ajoittamiseen vertaamalla 1-vuotiaiden ja aikuisten kukkojen soidink\u00e4ytt\u00e4ytymist\u00e4 eli l\u00e4sn\u00e4oloa ja tappeluaktiivisuutta, sek\u00e4 morfologisten ominaisuuksien eli ruumiinpainon ja pyrst\u00f6n pituuden vaikutusta soidink\u00e4ytt\u00e4ytymiseen. Mittava pitk\u00e4aikaisaineisto ker\u00e4ttiin vuosina 2003\u20132013 kolmelta keskisuomalaiselta soitimelta. Aineisto analysoitiin lineaarisia sekamalleja (GLMM) hyv\u00e4ksik\u00e4ytt\u00e4en. Eniten soitimella l\u00e4sn\u00e4 olleiden nuorten kukkojen havaittiin ajoittavan soidinvireytens\u00e4 aikuisia kukkoja my\u00f6hemmin. T\u00e4t\u00e4 vaihtoehtoista lis\u00e4\u00e4ntymisstrategiaa noudattavat nuoret kukot olivat paitsi ahkerasti l\u00e4sn\u00e4 soitimella, my\u00f6s aktiivisia tappelijoita ja kooltaan suurempia kuin muut 1-vuotiaat kukot. Todenn\u00e4k\u00f6isesti n\u00e4m\u00e4 nuoret kukot pystyiv\u00e4t panostamaan soidinkauteen huomattavasti ik\u00e4tovereitaan enemm\u00e4n, mutta kuitenkin aikuisia kukkoja v\u00e4hemm\u00e4n, mink\u00e4 johdosta ne ehk\u00e4 hy\u00f6tyiv\u00e4t my\u00f6hemm\u00e4st\u00e4 soidinvireyden ajoituksesta eniten. Nuorten kukkojen vaihtoehtoinen lis\u00e4\u00e4ntymisstrategia voi asettaa lis\u00e4\u00e4 valintapaineita my\u00f6s aikuisille kukoille hidastamalla kilpailun v\u00e4henemist\u00e4 soidinkauden lopulla. T\u00e4m\u00e4 tutkimus osoittaakin ep\u00e4suorasti, ett\u00e4 niin sanotulla kest\u00e4vyyskilpailulla (\u201dendurance rivalry\u201d) voi olla sijansa teeren seksuaalivalinnassa.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Sexual selection generates competition over mates producing differences in reproductive success between individuals. The life history theory predicts that because of scarce resources individuals face the problem in allocating energy to different functions such as growth, survival, and reproduction. As a consequence, older age, large body size, and impressive sexual ornaments are the common characters of dominant individuals, who are often superior in competition over mates thus enjoying the highest reproductive success. Nevertheless, young or unfit individuals may have alternative mating strategies which assist them to avoid competition with superior individuals and increase their reproductive success. In this study timing of reproductive effort as a potentially alternative mating strategy of young lekking black grouse (Tetrao tetrix) males was investigated. The behavioural (lek attendance and fighting rate) features of yearling and adult males were compared, and the effect of morphological (body mass and tail length) traits on the behaviour were studied. The large long-term dataset was gathered in years 2003\u20132013 from three study sites, and analysed by generalized linear mixed effects models (GLMM). Yearling males, who were the most present on the lek arena, scheduled their reproductive effort later in the lekking season compared to adult males. The yearling males showing this alternative mating strategy proved to be of a high quality: compared to other yearlings, they were diligently present on the lek arena, fought actively and had larger body mass. Probably they were able to invest substantially more to the lekking season than most of the yearlings, but less than adults, and therefore profited from the alternative mating strategy. Later timing of effort in yearling males may also set more selection pressure for adult males by delaying the decrease of intensive competition in the end of the lekking season. Hence, this study supports indirectly the idea that endurance rivalry may operate on black grouse leks.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Eini Nieminen (eimaniem) on 2014-12-02 08:32:30.674952. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). JyX data: [jyx_publishing-allowed (fi) =True]", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija@noreply.fi) on 2014-12-02T08:32:31Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201412023413.pdf: 727207 bytes, checksum: 93d07de652eaeb6645e2946c3ee54518 (MD5)\nlicense.html: 4863 bytes, checksum: 8b78276f0ff26467d1e5607b19ef0b2e (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-02T08:32:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201412023413.pdf: 727207 bytes, checksum: 93d07de652eaeb6645e2946c3ee54518 (MD5)\nlicense.html: 4863 bytes, checksum: 8b78276f0ff26467d1e5607b19ef0b2e (MD5)\n Previous issue date: 2014", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "1 verkkoaineisto (28 sivua)", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "energy allocation", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "lek", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "mate competition", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "reproductive strategy", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "selection", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Timing of reproductive effort as an alternative mating strategy in young black grouse (Tetrao tetrix) males", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201412023413", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Bio- ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biological and Environmental Science", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ekologia ja evoluutiobiologia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ecology and evolutionary biology", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.updated", "value": "2014-12-02T08:32:31Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "updated", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": null, "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": 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