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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Vesa Linnamo", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Andrew Cresswell", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Jarmo Piirainen", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Yrj\u00f6l\u00e4, Kirsi", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2014-11-20T20:12:52Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2014-11-20T20:12:52Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2014", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1451823", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/44704", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Ta\u0308ma\u0308n Pro gradu \u2013tutkielman tarkoituksena oli selvitta\u0308a\u0308, miten ka\u0308sien ka\u0308ytta\u0308minen tai ka\u0308ytta\u0308ma\u0308tto\u0308myys vaikuttaa ihmisen tasapainon korjaamiseen a\u0308killisessa\u0308 horjutus (ha\u0308irio\u0308) tilanteessa.\r\n\r\nTutkimukseen osallistui viisi vapaaehtoista koehenkilo\u0308a\u0308 (32 +/- 11 vuotta). Tutkimuksen testiprotokollassa tasapainon korjaamiseksi ha\u0308irio\u0308tilanteessa, henkilo\u0308 asetettiin seisoman juoksumaton pa\u0308a\u0308lle, joka liikahti 0.2 metria\u0308 eteenpa\u0308in, anterior-suunnassa (nopeus 0.24 m/s). Tutkimuksessa ka\u0308ytettiin kahta eri tilaa: ka\u0308det ja ei ka\u0308det \u2013tila, missa\u0308 koehenkilo\u0308 sulki ka\u0308tensa\u0308 vartalon eteen puuhkaan. Tasapainoa mitattiin juoksumaton voimalevylta\u0308 ja koehenkilo\u0308n painopisteen muutokset (COP) analysoitiin. Painopistetta\u0308 (COP) ka\u0308ytettiin myo\u0308s triggerina\u0308 EMG analyysia varten, joka toteutettiin 300 millisekunnin aikaikkunoilla Soleus (SOL), Medial Gastrocnemius (MG), Tibialis Anterior (TA), Rectus abdominis (RA), Erector Spinae (ES), Anterior Deltoid (AD) ja Posterior Deltoid (PD) lihaksista. Lopputuloksissa EMG data jaettiin viela\u0308 kolmeen eri aikaikkunaan (0 \u2013 50 ms = EMG50, 50 \u2013 150 ms = EMG150 seka\u0308 150 \u2013 300 ms = EMG300) tarkempaa analyysia\u0308 varten. Kinematiikkadata tallennettiin jatkuvana. Koehenkilo\u0308n painopistetta\u0308 (COP) kontrolloi voimalevyilla\u0308 varustettu juoksumatto seka\u0308 ta\u0308ha\u0308n tutkimukseen ra\u0308a\u0308ta\u0308lo\u0308ity erikoissofta.\r\n\r\nTutkimuksen pa\u0308a\u0308tuloksena voi esitta\u0308a\u0308 sen, etta\u0308 ka\u0308sien ka\u0308ytta\u0308misella\u0308 ei ole tilastollisesti merkitta\u0308va\u0308a\u0308 vaikutusta tasapainon korjaamiseen ha\u0308irio\u0308tilanteessa anterior-suunnassa. Tuloksissa on kuitenkin na\u0308hta\u0308vissa\u0308 merkitta\u0308va\u0308sti suuremmat EMG aktivaatiotasot yla\u0308vartalon lihaksissa (p < 0.05) silloin, kun ka\u0308sia\u0308 ei ka\u0308yteta\u0308 (ei ka\u0308det \u2013tila) verrattuna ka\u0308det-tilaan. Yla\u0308kropan RA ja AD lihasten aktivaatiotasot vaikuttivat merkitseva\u0308sti tasapainon kontrollointiin tilassa, missa\u0308 ka\u0308sia\u0308 ei ka\u0308ytetty (p < 0.05). Kun tuloksia pilkottiin ja analysoitiin pienemmissa\u0308 ajanjaksoissa, oli RA lihaksen EMG150 59 \u00b1 2 % suurempi (p < 0.05) tilassa, missa\u0308 ka\u0308sia\u0308 ei ka\u0308ytetty ja AD lihaksen EMG kasvoi 22 \u00b1 19 % (p < 0.05), kun verrattiin ajanjaksoa EMG50 ajanjaksoon EMG300, tilassa missa\u0308 ka\u0308sia\u0308 ei ka\u0308ytetty. ES lihaksesta mitattu EMG aktivaatio oli keskima\u0308a\u0308rin noin kaksinkertaista ei ka\u0308det \u2013tilassa, mutta yksilo\u0308lliset vaihtelut olivat huomattavan suuria. Tutkimuksen tulosten perusteella voidaan todeta, etta\u0308 ihmisen tasapainon kontrolloinnissa, tilassa missa\u0308 ka\u0308det eiva\u0308t ole ka\u0308yto\u0308ssa\u0308, ovat yla\u0308vartalon lihasten aktivaatiotasot suurempia verrattuna normaaliin ka\u0308det ka\u0308yto\u0308ssa\u0308 tilaan. Koska yla\u0308vartalon lihasaktivaatio on suurempaa ha\u0308irio\u0308tilassa ilman ka\u0308sia\u0308, tulisi huolehtia riitta\u0308vista\u0308 lihasten voimantuotto-ominaisuuksista tasapainon korjaamisessa.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "The purpose of this study was to investigate how the use of arms influences to the human balance control while random perturbation.\r\n\r\nFive voluntary subjects (32 \u00b1 11 years) participated to this study. For the balance control during perturbation the subjects had to stand still on a treadmill surface which was moving anterior (velocity 0.24 m/s) direction by 0.2 m providing the unbalanced situation. Study was performed in Arms (normal stance) and No Arms \u2013condition where the subject crossed his / her arms in front of the body. The balance was measured by a force plate under the treadmill and subjects center of pressure (COP) was also used for a trigger for the EMG analyses, which was calculated as RMS amplitude with 300 ms window from Soleus (SOL), Medialis Gastrocnemius (MG), Tibialis Anterior (TA), Rectus Abdominis (RA), Erector Spinae (ES), Deltoideus Anterior (AD) and Deltoideus Posterior (PD) muscles. The EMG amplitude data was also taken into further analyze by diving it into three time windows after onset (0 to 50 ms = EMG50, 50 to 150 ms = EMG150 and 150 to 300 ms = EMG300, respectively). Kinematics were recorded continuously and COP was controlled by an instrumented force sensing treadmill and custom written software.\r\n\r\nThe main finding from this study is that there is no significant differences in balance control weather you use or not use your arms while perturbation occurs anteriorly. Nevertheless, a higher EMG activity of the upper body muscles were observed when not using arms (No Arms \u2013condition) compared to the normal stance with free use of arms. The EMG of RA and AD muscles had a significant role in the balance control -system when not using arms (p < 0.05). Timeslot analyze suggested that the RA EMG150 was 59 \u00b1 2 % higher (p < 0.05) when no arms were used and AD EMG increased by 22 \u00b1 19 % (p < 0.05) from the EMG50 to the EMG300 in No Arms -condition. The EMG of the ES muscle was on average two times higher in No Arms \u2013condition but the individual variations were remarkable. Based on the results the EMG activity of the upper body muscles is higher when not using arms compared to the situation where arms are normally in use. Because of the higher activation level needed from the upper body muscles during perturbation, one should take care of the adequate muscle strength.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Kirsi Yrj\u00f6l\u00e4 (kimayrjo) on 2014-11-20 20:12:52.082971. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). JyX data: [jyx_publishing-allowed (fi) =True]", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija@noreply.fi) on 2014-11-20T20:12:52Z\r\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\r\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201411203321.pdf: 827367 bytes, checksum: 5f293f6c666d9309ed584f82d8f983a9 (MD5)\r\nlicense.html: 4825 bytes, checksum: 0f3ccbd0eb4c06ca9b0c66f04031ff31 (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-20T20:12:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\r\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201411203321.pdf: 827367 bytes, checksum: 5f293f6c666d9309ed584f82d8f983a9 (MD5)\r\nlicense.html: 4825 bytes, checksum: 0f3ccbd0eb4c06ca9b0c66f04031ff31 (MD5)\r\n Previous issue date: 2014", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "1 verkkoaineisto (56 sivua)", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Balance", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Upper body", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "3D", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "COP", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "EMG", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Use of arms - influence to human balance during perturbation", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201411203321", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Liikuntabiologian laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biology of Physical Activity", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Biomekaniikka", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Biomechanics", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.updated", "value": "2014-11-20T20:12:53Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "updated", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "5012", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "tasapaino", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "k\u00e4det", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "elektromyografia", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
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