Asiakas arvioijana terveydenhuollossa potilaiden arvioinnit kirjallisista potilasohjeista

Potilasohjeet ovat tärkeä osa potilasohjausta. Tutkimusnäyttö osoittaa, että potilaiden osallistuminen ohjausmateriaalien suunnitteluun ja arviointiin lisää potilaiden tyytyväisyyttä ja sitoutumista omaan hoitoonsa. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää millaiseksi potilaat arvioivat saamansa poti...

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Main Author: Grahn, Kristina
Other Authors: Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Terveystieteiden laitos, Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylän yliopisto
Format: Master's thesis
Language:fin
Published: 2014
Subjects:
Online Access: https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/44516
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author Grahn, Kristina
author2 Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences Terveystieteiden laitos Department of Health Sciences University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto
author_facet Grahn, Kristina Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences Terveystieteiden laitos Department of Health Sciences University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto Grahn, Kristina Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences Terveystieteiden laitos Department of Health Sciences University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto
author_sort Grahn, Kristina
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description Potilasohjeet ovat tärkeä osa potilasohjausta. Tutkimusnäyttö osoittaa, että potilaiden osallistuminen ohjausmateriaalien suunnitteluun ja arviointiin lisää potilaiden tyytyväisyyttä ja sitoutumista omaan hoitoonsa. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää millaiseksi potilaat arvioivat saamansa potilasohjeet Keski-Suomen sairaanhoitopiirissä. Lisäksi tutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin arviointiin kehitetyn mittarin luotettavuutta. Tutkimuksen aineistonkeruu toteutettiin kyselynä lonkan ja polven tekonivelleikkaukseen sekä ortopediseen päiväkirurgiseen toimenpiteeseen osallistuvilla potilailla (N= 334). Potilaita pyydettiin arvioimaan saamiaan kirjallisia potilasohjeita tutkimuksessa kehitetyn mittarin avulla, joka sisälsi 15 suljettua Likert-asteikollista (1-4) väittämää sekä kaksi avointa kysymystä. Aineiston analyysimenetelminä olivat ristiintaulukointi, χ2-testi, faktorianalyysi, Studentin t-testi, yksisuuntainen varianssianalyysi sekä binäärinen logistinen regressioanalyysi. Lisäksi avoimet kysymykset analysoitiin sisällönanalyysin avulla. Arviointimittarin luotettavuutta tarkasteltiin Cronbachin alfa-kertoimen avulla. Tutkimus osoitti, että potilaat arvioivat potilasohjeiden olevan pääsääntöisesti hyviä sisällöltään (ka 3,50, Cronbachin alfa 0,75) ulkoasultaan (ka 3,55, Cronbachin alfa 0,57) sekä hyödyllisyydeltään (ka 3,81, Cronbachin alfa 0,82). Kaikkien väittämien osalta vastauksien keskiarvo oli 3,61 ja Cronbachin alfa-kerroin oli 0,81. Miehet suhtautuivat kriittisemmin ohjeiden ulkoasuun kuin naiset (p=0,005). Iältään alle 55-vuotiaat olivat kriittisimpiä ohjeiden ulkoasuun (p= <0,001) sekä sisältöön (p=0,035) suhteessa muihin ikäryhmiin. 66 vuotta täyttäneet naiset olivat selkeästi tyytyväisempiä ohjeisiin nuorempiin naisiin verrattuna (p= <0,001). Potilaat ilmoittivat ohjeiden olevan selkeitä, informatiivisia sekä edistävän leikkauksesta toipumista. Potilaiden mukaan ohjeissa ei kuitenkaan mainittu mahdollisia ongelmatilanteita tai kotona eteen tulevia arjen hankaluuksia. Myöskään erityisryhmiä, kuten muistisairaita, ei ohjeissa huomioitu. Potilaat tarvitsevat kirjallisia ohjeita omatoimiseen itsehoitoon ja kuntoutumiseen. Tutkimustulosten perusteella voitiin päätellä, että hoitohenkilöstön tulee räätälöidä ohjauksen ja materiaalien sisällöt potilaan tarpeiden mukaan sekä arvioida potilaan kykyä omaksua ja hyödyntää saamiaan ohjeita. Arviointimittarin luotettavuudesta potilaskäytössä saatiin alustavaa näyttöä tässä tutkimuksessa. Kuitenkin mittarin testaaminen suuremmalla aineistolla ja eri potilasryhmillä antaisi lisäinformaatiota mittarin validiteetista. Tämän tutkimuksen perusteella voitiin myös päätellä, että potilailla on halua osallistua ohjeiden kehittämistyöhön. Potilaiden osallistuminen arvioijana ohjeiden suunnitteluun antaa arvokasta tietoa siitä, millaisia asioita potilas pitää tärkeänä mutta joita hän ei välttämättä suullisen ohjauksen aikana osaa tai muista kysyä. Written health information is an integral part of patient education in health care. Furthermore, involving patients to material planning and evaluation process will improve patients’ satisfaction and adherence to their care. The purpose of this study was to examine patients’ perceptions of written patient information in Central Finland Healthcare District. In this study, a measurement tool to evaluate the written health information was designed for patients. Furthermore, the study sought to determine if the instrument developed for this study would be a valid tool for patients in the future. A total of 334 patients completed a questionnaire concerning their perception of the content, appearance and usefulness of the patient information leaflet they had received during their visit at hospital. The questionnaire consisted of 15 Likert-scaled (1-4) closed questions. In two additional open-ended questions, patients were asked to provide their views about the patient education material. Statistical data analysis was completed with SPSS 20.0 software by cross tabulation, Chi-square –test, factor analysis, Student’s t-test, one-way analysis of variances (ANOVA) and binary logistic regression. In addition, a content analysis was used for the open-ended questions. Furthermore, Cronbach’s alpha was calculated to determine the reliability and internal consistency of the measurement tool. The results showed that the patients were overall satisfied with the content (mean score, 3.50, Cronbach’s alpha 0.75), physical appeal (mean score 3.55, Cronbach’s alpha 0.57) and usefulness (mean score 3.81, Cronbach’s alpha 0.82) of the patient education materials. The total mean score for the instrument was 3.61, Cronbach’s alpha 0.81. Male patients were significantly more critical towards the physical appeal of written health information (p= 0.005) than women. Compared to other age groups, patients aged 55 and below were most critical group towards the physical appeal (p= <0.001) and content (p= 0.035) of the materials. Women older than 66 were more likely to be satisfied with the written health information (p= <0.001) than younger women were. Overall, the patients were active in answering the open-ended questions and provided also suggestions on how to improve the materials. The patients stated that the materials were clear, informative and accelerated their recovery from surgery. However, any problems that might occur at home after surgery were not mentioned in the materials. The patients also commented that the materials did not pay attention to groups with special needs such as memory disease. The patients rely on written health information for their self-care and rehabilitation. Overall results indicated that the patient education material should be tailored according to patient’s needs and abilities to make use of written health information. The instrument developed for this study seemed to be reliable in patient use in health care; however there is a need for additional research to improve the content validity of the instrument. Patient’s involvement into development and evaluation of the written health materials will give the health educator valuable information about patient’s unmet information needs during the counselling sessions.
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Tutkimusn\u00e4ytt\u00f6 osoittaa, ett\u00e4 potilaiden osallistuminen ohjausmateriaalien suunnitteluun ja arviointiin lis\u00e4\u00e4 potilaiden tyytyv\u00e4isyytt\u00e4 ja sitoutumista omaan hoitoonsa. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvitt\u00e4\u00e4 millaiseksi potilaat arvioivat saamansa potilasohjeet Keski-Suomen sairaanhoitopiiriss\u00e4. Lis\u00e4ksi tutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin arviointiin kehitetyn mittarin luotettavuutta.\r\nTutkimuksen aineistonkeruu toteutettiin kyselyn\u00e4 lonkan ja polven tekonivelleikkaukseen sek\u00e4 ortopediseen p\u00e4iv\u00e4kirurgiseen toimenpiteeseen osallistuvilla potilailla (N= 334). Potilaita pyydettiin arvioimaan saamiaan kirjallisia potilasohjeita tutkimuksessa kehitetyn mittarin avulla, joka sis\u00e4lsi 15 suljettua Likert-asteikollista (1-4) v\u00e4itt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4 sek\u00e4 kaksi avointa kysymyst\u00e4. Aineiston analyysimenetelmin\u00e4 olivat ristiintaulukointi, \u03c72-testi, faktorianalyysi, Studentin t-testi, yksisuuntainen varianssianalyysi sek\u00e4 bin\u00e4\u00e4rinen logistinen regressioanalyysi. Lis\u00e4ksi avoimet kysymykset analysoitiin sis\u00e4ll\u00f6nanalyysin avulla. Arviointimittarin luotettavuutta tarkasteltiin Cronbachin alfa-kertoimen avulla.\r\nTutkimus osoitti, ett\u00e4 potilaat arvioivat potilasohjeiden olevan p\u00e4\u00e4s\u00e4\u00e4nt\u00f6isesti hyvi\u00e4 sis\u00e4ll\u00f6lt\u00e4\u00e4n (ka 3,50, Cronbachin alfa 0,75) ulkoasultaan (ka 3,55, Cronbachin alfa 0,57) sek\u00e4 hy\u00f6dyllisyydelt\u00e4\u00e4n (ka 3,81, Cronbachin alfa 0,82). Kaikkien v\u00e4itt\u00e4mien osalta vastauksien keskiarvo oli 3,61 ja Cronbachin alfa-kerroin oli 0,81. Miehet suhtautuivat kriittisemmin ohjeiden ulkoasuun kuin naiset (p=0,005). I\u00e4lt\u00e4\u00e4n alle 55-vuotiaat olivat kriittisimpi\u00e4 ohjeiden ulkoasuun (p= <0,001) sek\u00e4 sis\u00e4lt\u00f6\u00f6n (p=0,035) suhteessa muihin ik\u00e4ryhmiin. 66 vuotta t\u00e4ytt\u00e4neet naiset olivat selke\u00e4sti tyytyv\u00e4isempi\u00e4 ohjeisiin nuorempiin naisiin verrattuna (p= <0,001). Potilaat ilmoittivat ohjeiden olevan selkeit\u00e4, informatiivisia sek\u00e4 edist\u00e4v\u00e4n leikkauksesta toipumista. Potilaiden mukaan ohjeissa ei kuitenkaan mainittu mahdollisia ongelmatilanteita tai kotona eteen tulevia arjen hankaluuksia. My\u00f6sk\u00e4\u00e4n erityisryhmi\u00e4, kuten muistisairaita, ei ohjeissa huomioitu.\r\nPotilaat tarvitsevat kirjallisia ohjeita omatoimiseen itsehoitoon ja kuntoutumiseen. Tutkimustulosten perusteella voitiin p\u00e4\u00e4tell\u00e4, ett\u00e4 hoitohenkil\u00f6st\u00f6n tulee r\u00e4\u00e4t\u00e4l\u00f6id\u00e4 ohjauksen ja materiaalien sis\u00e4ll\u00f6t potilaan tarpeiden mukaan sek\u00e4 arvioida potilaan kyky\u00e4 omaksua ja hy\u00f6dynt\u00e4\u00e4 saamiaan ohjeita. Arviointimittarin luotettavuudesta potilask\u00e4yt\u00f6ss\u00e4 saatiin alustavaa n\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00e4 t\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa. Kuitenkin mittarin testaaminen suuremmalla aineistolla ja eri potilasryhmill\u00e4 antaisi lis\u00e4informaatiota mittarin validiteetista. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen perusteella voitiin my\u00f6s p\u00e4\u00e4tell\u00e4, ett\u00e4 potilailla on halua osallistua ohjeiden kehitt\u00e4misty\u00f6h\u00f6n. Potilaiden osallistuminen arvioijana ohjeiden suunnitteluun antaa arvokasta tietoa siit\u00e4, millaisia asioita potilas pit\u00e4\u00e4 t\u00e4rke\u00e4n\u00e4 mutta joita h\u00e4n ei v\u00e4ltt\u00e4m\u00e4tt\u00e4 suullisen ohjauksen aikana osaa tai muista kysy\u00e4.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Written health information is an integral part of patient education in health care. Furthermore, involving patients to material planning and evaluation process will improve patients\u2019 satisfaction and adherence to their care. The purpose of this study was to examine patients\u2019 perceptions of written patient information in Central Finland Healthcare District. In this study, a measurement tool to evaluate the written health information was designed for patients. Furthermore, the study sought to determine if the instrument developed for this study would be a valid tool for patients in the future. \r\n\r\nA total of 334 patients completed a questionnaire concerning their perception of the content, appearance and usefulness of the patient information leaflet they had received during their visit at hospital. The questionnaire consisted of 15 Likert-scaled (1-4) closed questions. In two additional open-ended questions, patients were asked to provide their views about the patient education material. Statistical data analysis was completed with SPSS 20.0 software by cross tabulation, Chi-square \u2013test, factor analysis, Student\u2019s t-test, one-way analysis of variances (ANOVA) and binary logistic regression. In addition, a content analysis was used for the open-ended questions. Furthermore, Cronbach\u2019s alpha was calculated to determine the reliability and internal consistency of the measurement tool. \r\n\r\nThe results showed that the patients were overall satisfied with the content (mean score, 3.50, Cronbach\u2019s alpha 0.75), physical appeal (mean score 3.55, Cronbach\u2019s alpha 0.57) and usefulness (mean score 3.81, Cronbach\u2019s alpha 0.82) of the patient education materials. The total mean score for the instrument was 3.61, Cronbach\u2019s alpha 0.81. Male patients were significantly more critical towards the physical appeal of written health information (p= 0.005) than women. Compared to other age groups, patients aged 55 and below were most critical group towards the physical appeal (p= <0.001) and content (p= 0.035) of the materials. Women older than 66 were more likely to be satisfied with the written health information (p= <0.001) than younger women were. 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spellingShingle Grahn, Kristina Asiakas arvioijana terveydenhuollossa : potilaiden arvioinnit kirjallisista potilasohjeista potilasneuvonta potilasohjeet osallisuus arviointi laatu asiakaslähtöisyys patient education patient education handout patient participation evaluation client orientation Terveyskasvatus Health Education 50411 asiakkuus terveydenhuolto potilaat
title Asiakas arvioijana terveydenhuollossa : potilaiden arvioinnit kirjallisista potilasohjeista
title_alt Potilaiden arvioinnit kirjallisista potilasohjeista
title_full Asiakas arvioijana terveydenhuollossa : potilaiden arvioinnit kirjallisista potilasohjeista
title_fullStr Asiakas arvioijana terveydenhuollossa : potilaiden arvioinnit kirjallisista potilasohjeista Asiakas arvioijana terveydenhuollossa : potilaiden arvioinnit kirjallisista potilasohjeista
title_full_unstemmed Asiakas arvioijana terveydenhuollossa : potilaiden arvioinnit kirjallisista potilasohjeista Asiakas arvioijana terveydenhuollossa : potilaiden arvioinnit kirjallisista potilasohjeista
title_short Asiakas arvioijana terveydenhuollossa
title_sort asiakas arvioijana terveydenhuollossa potilaiden arvioinnit kirjallisista potilasohjeista
title_sub potilaiden arvioinnit kirjallisista potilasohjeista
title_txtP Asiakas arvioijana terveydenhuollossa : potilaiden arvioinnit kirjallisista potilasohjeista
topic potilasneuvonta potilasohjeet osallisuus arviointi laatu asiakaslähtöisyys patient education patient education handout patient participation evaluation client orientation Terveyskasvatus Health Education 50411 asiakkuus terveydenhuolto potilaat
topic_facet 50411 Health Education Terveyskasvatus arviointi asiakaslähtöisyys asiakkuus client orientation evaluation laatu osallisuus patient education patient education handout patient participation potilaat potilasneuvonta potilasohjeet terveydenhuolto
url https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/44516 http://www.urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201410313152
work_keys_str_mv AT grahnkristina asiakasarvioijanaterveydenhuollossapotilaidenarvioinnitkirjallisistapotilasohjeist