Short-term and subchronic phytotoxicity of low-weight carboxylic acids and their mixtures

Kompostia käytetään maaparannusaineena tai kasvualustan osana. Hajoava kompostiaines ja mädätysjäännös sisältävät kuitenkin lyhytketjuisia karboksyylihappoja, jotka ovat kasveille haitallisia. Karboksyylihapot kuitenkin hajoavat kompostimassasta sen stabiloituessa, joten niiden pitoisuudet ovat komp...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Järvistö, Johanna
Other Authors: Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta, Faculty of Sciences, Bio- ja ympäristötieteiden laitos, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylän yliopisto
Format: Master's thesis
Language:eng
Published: 2014
Subjects:
Online Access: https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/44401
_version_ 1826225785196773376
author Järvistö, Johanna
author2 Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Bio- ja ympäristötieteiden laitos Department of Biological and Environmental Science University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto
author_facet Järvistö, Johanna Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Bio- ja ympäristötieteiden laitos Department of Biological and Environmental Science University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto Järvistö, Johanna Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Bio- ja ympäristötieteiden laitos Department of Biological and Environmental Science University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto
author_sort Järvistö, Johanna
datasource_str_mv jyx
description Kompostia käytetään maaparannusaineena tai kasvualustan osana. Hajoava kompostiaines ja mädätysjäännös sisältävät kuitenkin lyhytketjuisia karboksyylihappoja, jotka ovat kasveille haitallisia. Karboksyylihapot kuitenkin hajoavat kompostimassasta sen stabiloituessa, joten niiden pitoisuudet ovat kompostin kypsymisen indikaattoreita. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli tutkia muurahais-, etikka- ja propionihapon fytotoksisuutta yksistään ja kahden tai kolmen hapon seoksissa. Testilajit olivat krassi (Lepidium sativum) ja raiheinä (Lolium multiflorium) ja vasteena itävyys, itujen pituus lyhytkestoisessa itävyyskokeessa (krassi 48 h ja raiheinä 72 h) sekä kasvien itävyys (7 vrk ja 21 vrk) ja painoon pitempiaikaisessa kasvatuskokeessa (21 vrk). Annos-vaste suhteet ja EC50 arvot mallinnettiin kolmiparametrisen log-logistisen mallia kayttäen. Happojen seosvaikutukset arvioitiin additive index-menetelmän avulla. Muurahais-, etikka- ja propionihapolle määriteltiin EC50-, EC10- ja EC90-arvot krassille ja raiheinälle useille vasteille. Additive index arvojen perusteella voidaan päätellä, että näiden happojen kasvitoksisuus on summautuvaa tai antagonistista. Saatuja EC-arvoja voidaan soveltaa hyötykäytettävien massojen kasvitoksisuuden arviointiin. Presence of low-weight carboxylic acids (LWCA) in immature composts and anaerobically digested wastewater sludges is well established. When concentrations are high, phytotoxicity of the materials is exhibited, which hinders application of composts in agriculture or horticulture. Although there have been research concerning toxicity of individual LWCA, the mixture aspect has been poorly studied. The research was aimed to study the toxicity of three LWCA, formic, acetic and propionic acids, to garden cress (Lepidium sativum) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorium). Test procedure consisted of short-term germination assays (48 h for cress and 72 h for ryegrass) and subchronic growth assays (21 d). The responses recorded in the assays were germination and shoot length in short-term assay and germination (7d and 21d) and biomass of the plants. The acids were tested individually as well as binary and trinary mixtures. Dose-response relationships and EC values were modeled using three-parametric log-logistic model. Toxicity of the mixtures was evaluated using additive index method utilizing test concentrations in toxic units. Index vales were used to judge whether the toxicity of studied LWCA is simply additive, less than additive or greater than additive. In the study EC10, EC50, and EC90 values were generated for cress and ryegrass that can be used for assessing toxicity of composts or digestates. According to the additive index values the mixture toxicity of the LWCA was either additive or less than additive.
first_indexed 2023-03-22T09:58:18Z
format Pro gradu
free_online_boolean 1
fullrecord [{"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "J\u00e4rvist\u00f6, Johanna", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2014-10-10T05:44:09Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2014-10-10T05:44:09Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2014", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1446910", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/44401", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Kompostia k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n maaparannusaineena tai kasvualustan osana. Hajoava kompostiaines ja m\u00e4d\u00e4tysj\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6s sis\u00e4lt\u00e4v\u00e4t kuitenkin lyhytketjuisia karboksyylihappoja, jotka ovat kasveille haitallisia. Karboksyylihapot kuitenkin hajoavat kompostimassasta sen stabiloituessa, joten niiden pitoisuudet ovat kompostin kypsymisen indikaattoreita. \n\nTutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli tutkia muurahais-, etikka- ja propionihapon fytotoksisuutta yksist\u00e4\u00e4n ja kahden tai kolmen hapon seoksissa. Testilajit olivat krassi (Lepidium sativum) ja raihein\u00e4 (Lolium multiflorium) ja vasteena it\u00e4vyys, itujen pituus lyhytkestoisessa it\u00e4vyyskokeessa (krassi 48 h ja raihein\u00e4 72 h) sek\u00e4 kasvien it\u00e4vyys (7 vrk ja 21 vrk) ja painoon pitempiaikaisessa kasvatuskokeessa (21 vrk).\n\nAnnos-vaste suhteet ja EC50 arvot mallinnettiin kolmiparametrisen log-logistisen mallia kaytt\u00e4en. Happojen seosvaikutukset arvioitiin additive index-menetelm\u00e4n avulla.\n \nMuurahais-, etikka- ja propionihapolle m\u00e4\u00e4riteltiin EC50-, EC10- ja EC90-arvot krassille ja raihein\u00e4lle useille vasteille. Additive index arvojen perusteella voidaan p\u00e4\u00e4tell\u00e4, ett\u00e4 n\u00e4iden happojen kasvitoksisuus on summautuvaa tai antagonistista. Saatuja EC-arvoja voidaan soveltaa hy\u00f6tyk\u00e4ytett\u00e4vien massojen kasvitoksisuuden arviointiin.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Presence of low-weight carboxylic acids (LWCA) in immature composts and anaerobically digested wastewater sludges is well established. When concentrations are high, phytotoxicity of the materials is exhibited, which hinders application of composts in agriculture or horticulture. Although there have been research concerning toxicity of individual LWCA, the mixture aspect has been poorly studied.\n\nThe research was aimed to study the toxicity of three LWCA, formic, acetic and propionic acids, to garden cress (Lepidium sativum) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorium). Test procedure consisted of short-term germination assays (48 h for cress and 72 h for ryegrass) and subchronic growth assays (21 d). The responses recorded in the assays were germination and shoot length in short-term assay and germination (7d and 21d) and biomass of the plants. The acids were tested individually as well as binary and trinary mixtures.\n\nDose-response relationships and EC values were modeled using three-parametric log-logistic model. Toxicity of the mixtures was evaluated using additive index method utilizing test concentrations in toxic units. Index vales were used to judge whether the toxicity of studied LWCA is simply additive, less than additive or greater than additive.\n\nIn the study EC10, EC50, and EC90 values were generated for cress and ryegrass that can be used for assessing toxicity of composts or digestates. According to the additive index values the mixture toxicity of the LWCA was either additive or less than additive.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Johanna J\u00e4rvist\u00f6 (jokarist) on 2014-10-10 05:44:08.705507. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). JyX data: [jyx_publishing-allowed (fi) =True]", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija@noreply.fi) on 2014-10-10T05:44:09Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201410102964.pdf: 2095702 bytes, checksum: 40d9e2cb376cdb7b8144db9ca3be86e3 (MD5)\nlicense.html: 4856 bytes, checksum: b0d93a861d76a3408409029886c7209e (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-10T05:44:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201410102964.pdf: 2095702 bytes, checksum: 40d9e2cb376cdb7b8144db9ca3be86e3 (MD5)\nlicense.html: 4856 bytes, checksum: b0d93a861d76a3408409029886c7209e (MD5)\n Previous issue date: 2014", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "1 verkkoaineisto (52 sivua)", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "lyhytketjuiset karboksyylihapot", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "kasvitoksisuus", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "seostoksisuus", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "additive index", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "komposti", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "m\u00e4d\u00e4tysj\u00e4te", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Short-term and subchronic phytotoxicity of low-weight carboxylic acids and their mixtures", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201410102964", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Bio- ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biological and Environmental Science", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tiede ja -teknologia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Environmental science and technology", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.updated", "value": "2014-10-10T05:44:10Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "updated", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "4015", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "myrkyllisyys", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "karboksyylihapot", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "komposti", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "m\u00e4d\u00e4tys", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
id jyx.123456789_44401
language eng
last_indexed 2025-02-18T10:54:54Z
main_date 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z
main_date_str 2014
online_boolean 1
online_urls_str_mv {"url":"https:\/\/jyx.jyu.fi\/bitstreams\/2a19322a-f5a6-439b-a5ea-a558d0bbf953\/download","text":"URN_NBN_fi_jyu-201410102964.pdf","source":"jyx","mediaType":"application\/pdf"}
publishDate 2014
record_format qdc
source_str_mv jyx
spellingShingle Järvistö, Johanna Short-term and subchronic phytotoxicity of low-weight carboxylic acids and their mixtures lyhytketjuiset karboksyylihapot kasvitoksisuus seostoksisuus additive index komposti mädätysjäte Ympäristötiede ja -teknologia Environmental science and technology 4015 myrkyllisyys karboksyylihapot mädätys
title Short-term and subchronic phytotoxicity of low-weight carboxylic acids and their mixtures
title_full Short-term and subchronic phytotoxicity of low-weight carboxylic acids and their mixtures
title_fullStr Short-term and subchronic phytotoxicity of low-weight carboxylic acids and their mixtures Short-term and subchronic phytotoxicity of low-weight carboxylic acids and their mixtures
title_full_unstemmed Short-term and subchronic phytotoxicity of low-weight carboxylic acids and their mixtures Short-term and subchronic phytotoxicity of low-weight carboxylic acids and their mixtures
title_short Short-term and subchronic phytotoxicity of low-weight carboxylic acids and their mixtures
title_sort short term and subchronic phytotoxicity of low weight carboxylic acids and their mixtures
title_txtP Short-term and subchronic phytotoxicity of low-weight carboxylic acids and their mixtures
topic lyhytketjuiset karboksyylihapot kasvitoksisuus seostoksisuus additive index komposti mädätysjäte Ympäristötiede ja -teknologia Environmental science and technology 4015 myrkyllisyys karboksyylihapot mädätys
topic_facet 4015 Environmental science and technology Ympäristötiede ja -teknologia additive index karboksyylihapot kasvitoksisuus komposti lyhytketjuiset karboksyylihapot myrkyllisyys mädätys mädätysjäte seostoksisuus
url https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/44401 http://www.urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201410102964
work_keys_str_mv AT järvistöjohanna shorttermandsubchronicphytotoxicityoflowweightcarboxylicacidsandtheirmixtures