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[{"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "\u00d6vermark, Elsi", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2014-09-04T05:40:30Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2014-09-04T05:40:30Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2014", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1445039", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/44185", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Metsien h\u00e4vitt\u00e4minen, maanviljely ja muut ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6\u00e4 muokkaavat toimet muuttavat ekosysteemej\u00e4 kasvavissa m\u00e4\u00e4rin. T\u00e4m\u00e4n seurauksena syntyy poikkeuksellisia, ihmisen toiminnasta per\u00e4isin olevia ekosysteemej\u00e4. N\u00e4iden uusekosysteemien merkitys monimuotoisuudelle kasvaa l\u00e4hitulevaisuudessa kun ihmisen vaikutus Maahan lis\u00e4\u00e4ntyy. Metsitetyt pellot voidaan monessa tapauksessa lukea uusekosysteemeihin: lannoituksella on pitk\u00e4aikaisia vaikutuksia maaper\u00e4n fysikaalisiin ominaisuuksiin ja ravinteiden m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 on metsitetyill\u00e4 pelloilla suurempi kuin tavallisissa metsiss\u00e4. Kasvillisuuden sukkession tarkkaa lopputulosta ei viel\u00e4 tiedet\u00e4. Metsitetyt pellot k\u00e4sitt\u00e4v\u00e4t 300 000 hehtaaria Suomen pinta-alasta ja niiden mahdollinen positiivinen merkitys monimuotoisuudelle on toistaiseksi puutteellisesti tiedossa. Maakiit\u00e4j\u00e4iset ovat yleinen kovakuoriaisryhm\u00e4 ja niit\u00e4 l\u00f6ytyy l\u00e4hes kaikista habitaateista. Ne ovat pohjakerroksen petoja ja t\u00e4rke\u00e4 osa ekosysteemin prosesseja kuten ravinteiden kiertoa ja ravintoverkon s\u00e4\u00e4tely\u00e4. Maakiit\u00e4j\u00e4iset heijastelevat muutoksia ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6ss\u00e4\u00e4n \u2013 etenkin ihmisen toiminnasta per\u00e4isin olevia h\u00e4iri\u00f6it\u00e4 \u2013 lyhyess\u00e4 ajassa. Vaikka erilaisten maanmuokkaustoimenpiteiden vaikutuksia maakiit\u00e4j\u00e4isiin on tutkittu laajalti erilaisissa ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6iss\u00e4, vain harva tutkimus on keskittynyt metsitettyjen peltojen maakiit\u00e4j\u00e4isiin. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli saada tietoa siit\u00e4 millaisia maakiit\u00e4j\u00e4islajeja metsitetyill\u00e4 pelloilla esiintyy Suomessa ja mik\u00e4 on niiden runsaus ja koostumus n\u00e4iss\u00e4 habitaateissa. Lis\u00e4ksi tutkin istutetun puulajin merkityst\u00e4 maakiit\u00e4j\u00e4islajiston koostumukselle ja yhteis\u00f6n rakenteelle. Tein kentt\u00e4kokeen aiemmin viljelyk\u00e4yt\u00f6ss\u00e4 olleilla turvepohjaisilla pelloilla, jotka oli metsitetty noin 25 vuotta sitten. Kentt\u00e4koe piti sis\u00e4ll\u00e4\u00e4n 8 kohdetta, jotka sijaitsivat Keski-Suomessa ja Pohjanmaalla. Yhteens\u00e4 4018 maakiit\u00e4j\u00e4isyksil\u00f6\u00e4 ja 40 lajia l\u00f6ydettiin. Kaiken kaikkiaan lajikoostumus ja -runsaus oli poikkeuksellinen verrattuna talousmetsiin. Vastoin hypoteesia, lajirikkaus ja yksil\u00f6m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 ei kuitenkaan eronnut eri puulajien v\u00e4lill\u00e4. T\u00e4st\u00e4 huolimatta maakiit\u00e4j\u00e4isyhteis\u00f6n samankaltaisuus riippui sek\u00e4 puulajista ett\u00e4 maantieteellisest\u00e4 sijainnista (tutkimusalue) kun niit\u00e4 tarkasteltiin yhdess\u00e4. Yhteenvetona, metsitetyt pellot t\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa vaikuttaisivat todella olevan uusekosysteemej\u00e4 ainakin maakiit\u00e4j\u00e4isten osalta niiden poikkeuksellisesta koostumuksesta ja runsaussuhteista johtuen.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Deforestation, cultivation and other land management practices are transforming ecosystems in increasingly amounts. As a consequence, exceptional anthropogenic ecosystems will arise. The importance of these novel ecosystems for biodiversity will increase in the near future as the human impact on the Earth increases. Afforested fields could in many cases be regarded as novel ecosystems: Fertilizing has long lasting effects on the physical features of the soil and the amount of nutrients is higher in afforested field than in natural forest. However, the precise outcome of vegetation development is not yet known. In Finland, the area of afforested fields is now almost 300 000 hectares and their possible positive importance for the biodiversity is still insufficiently known. Carabids are widespread group of beetles and found almost in all kinds of habitats. They are surface active predators and an important link in ecosystem processes including nutrient fluxes and food web regulation. Ground beetles reflect changes in their environment \u2013 especially disturbances caused by human actions \u2013 in short period of time. Although the effects of different land use activities to ground beetles have been studied extensively in many kinds of environments, there has been only few research focused on carabids of afforested fields. The overall aim of this study was to achieve knowledge about what kind of ground beetle species afforested fields maintain in Finland and what is their abundance and composition in these habitats. Furthermore, I studied the importance of wooded species for ground beetle species composition and community structure. I had a field experiment in former agricultural peat soils which were afforested about 25 years ago. My research included 8 study sites which were situated in Central Finland and Ostrobothnia. A total of 4018 carabid individuals representing 40 species were recorded. Overall, species composition and abundance was exceptional in comparison with managed forests. Contrary to hypothesis, the number of species and individuals did not differ between wooded species. However, the similarity of carabid community depends both on tree species and geographical location (study site) when they were considered together. Altogether, it seems that afforested fields in this study really are novel ecosystems at least in regard to carabids due to their exceptional composition and abundance in these habitats.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Elsi \u00d6vermark (elhever) on 2014-09-04 05:40:30.099060. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). JyX data: [jyx_publishing-allowed (fi) =True]", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija@noreply.fi) on 2014-09-04T05:40:30Z\r\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\r\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201409042714.pdf: 950971 bytes, checksum: 9d04c6e621afd1e0df78eb7f2755073b (MD5)\r\nlicense.html: 4869 bytes, checksum: 2bf48c3b65dc461abea88a0d39431c5a (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-04T05:40:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\r\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201409042714.pdf: 950971 bytes, checksum: 9d04c6e621afd1e0df78eb7f2755073b (MD5)\r\nlicense.html: 4869 bytes, checksum: 2bf48c3b65dc461abea88a0d39431c5a (MD5)\r\n Previous issue date: 2014", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "1 verkkoaineisto (27 sivua)", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "turvepellot", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "The importance of novel ecosystems for biodiversity : a study of ground beetles (Carabidae) on afforested fields", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201409042714", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Bio- ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biological and Environmental Science", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ekologia ja evoluutiobiologia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ecology and evolutionary biology", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.updated", "value": "2014-09-04T05:40:31Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "updated", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "4011", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "boreaalinen vy\u00f6hyke", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "mets\u00e4t", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "ennallistaminen", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "kovakuoriaiset", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "sukkessio", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "elinymp\u00e4rist\u00f6", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
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