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[{"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Kaitila, Joel", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2014-08-26T04:05:21Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2014-08-26T04:05:21Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2013", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1444634", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/44098", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkielman aiheena ovat klassisen poliittisen taloustieteen pioneerien Adam\r\nSmithin, David Ricardon ja Karl Marxin vuosien 1776-1883 v\u00e4lill\u00e4 kehitt\u00e4m\u00e4n\r\nty\u00f6arvoteorian kohtaamat k\u00e4sitteelliset ongelmat sek\u00e4 kahden palestiinalaisen\r\nmatemaatikon Emmanuel Farjounin ja Moshe Machoverin vuonna 1983 niihin esitt\u00e4m\u00e4\r\nratkaisumalli. Meneill\u00e4\u00e4n oleva talouskriisi on vauhdittanut aiheesta k\u00e4yty\u00e4 keskustelua.\r\n\r\nEsit\u00e4n tutkielmassa l\u00e4pileikkauksen ty\u00f6arvoteorian perusteista; t\u00e4m\u00e4 toimii taustana\r\nteoriassa syntyvien ongelmien tarkastelulle ja arvioinnille. Ongelmista tunnetuin on niin\r\nkutsuttu ty\u00f6arvojen ja hintojen transformaatio-ongelma, joka liitet\u00e4\u00e4n ensisijaisesti Marxin ajatteluun, mutta sis\u00e4ltyy piilev\u00e4sti itse ty\u00f6arvoteorian rakenteeseen. Se syntyy, kun yritys selitt\u00e4\u00e4 tavaroiden hintojen m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4ytyminen niiden sis\u00e4lt\u00e4m\u00e4n yhteiskunnallisesti v\u00e4ltt\u00e4m\u00e4tt\u00f6m\u00e4n ty\u00f6ajan perusteella yhdistet\u00e4\u00e4n klassisen poliittisen taloustieteen oletukseen p\u00e4\u00e4omien voittoasteiden yht\u00e4l\u00e4istymisest\u00e4 talousj\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4n ollessa tasapainotilassa. N\u00e4m\u00e4 teoreemat ovat kesken\u00e4\u00e4n ristiriitaiset ja johtavat ratkaisemattomiin ongelmiin arvojen ja hintojen k\u00e4sittelyss\u00e4. Totunnainen johtop\u00e4\u00e4t\u00f6s on ollut hyl\u00e4t\u00e4 ty\u00f6arvot harhaanjohtavana tai redundanttina teoreettisena n\u00e4k\u00f6kohtana.\r\n\r\nArgumentoin, ett\u00e4 Farjounin ja Machoverin ratkaisumalli on omaper\u00e4inen ja filosofisesti\r\nmielek\u00e4s tutkimuskohde, sill\u00e4 se edellytt\u00e4\u00e4 ty\u00f6arvoteorian k\u00e4sitteellisen rakenteen\r\nmuokkaamista. Se paikantaa transformaatio-ongelman ytimen ty\u00f6arvojen sijasta klassisesta\r\nmekaniikasta omaksuttuun ep\u00e4realistiseen tasapainok\u00e4sitykseen ja voittoasteiden\r\nyht\u00e4l\u00e4istymisoletukseen, joka tulee hyl\u00e4t\u00e4. Farjoun ja Machover ehdottavat, ett\u00e4\r\ntilastollisen fysiikan teorioissa kehitetty tilastollisen tasapainon k\u00e4site vastaa paremmin talousj\u00e4rjestelmien markkinakilpailun todellisuutta. Ty\u00f6arvojen ja hintojen suhdetta on johdonmukaisinta tutkia tilastollisen tasapainok\u00e4sitteen ja probabilistisen mallin avulla. T\u00e4m\u00e4 muokkaus ratkaisee transformaatio-ongelman eliminoimalla yht\u00e4l\u00e4istymisoletuksen ja mahdollistaa ty\u00f6arvojen ja hintojen suhteen realistisen mallintamisen.\r\n\r\nFarjounin ja Machoverin hypoteesia on testattu lukuisissa empiirisiss\u00e4 tutkimuksissa, joiden tulokset puoltavat sen relevanssia. Ne kyseenalaistavat kolme vakiintunutta taloustieteellist\u00e4 k\u00e4sityst\u00e4: oletuksen ty\u00f6arvoteorian virheellisyydest\u00e4, oletuksen p\u00e4\u00e4omien voittoasteiden ja tuotannon p\u00e4\u00e4omavaltaisuuden v\u00e4lisest\u00e4 riippumattomuudesta sek\u00e4 oletuksen p\u00e4\u00e4omien yht\u00e4l\u00e4isten voittoasteiden soveltuvuudesta hintateorioiden perustaksi. Ty\u00f6arvoteoria soveltuu hyvin kriittisen taloustieteen tutkimusv\u00e4lineeksi.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Joel Kaitila (josakait) on 2014-08-26 04:05:20.566733. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). JyX data: [jyx_publishing-allowed (fi) =True]", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija@noreply.fi) on 2014-08-26T04:05:21Z\r\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\r\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201408262640.pdf: 562680 bytes, checksum: 449910c4e902722c3c87de04dcd4db6c (MD5)\r\nlicense.html: 4806 bytes, checksum: c26717be944a855f2d49aa2d8f7dbaee (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-26T04:05:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\r\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201408262640.pdf: 562680 bytes, checksum: 449910c4e902722c3c87de04dcd4db6c (MD5)\r\nlicense.html: 4806 bytes, checksum: c26717be944a855f2d49aa2d8f7dbaee (MD5)\r\n Previous issue date: 2013", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "1 verkkoaineisto (137 sivua)", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Marx, Karl", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Farjoun, Emmanuel", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Machover, Moshe", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "probabilismi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Ty\u00f6arvoteoria ja yht\u00e4l\u00e4istymisoletuksen kritiikki", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201408262640", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Yhteiskuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Social Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Yhteiskuntatieteiden ja filosofian laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Social Sciences and Philosophy", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Filosofia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Philosophy", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.updated", "value": "2014-08-26T04:05:21Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "updated", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "201", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "taloustieteet", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "filosofia", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "ty\u00f6arvoteoria", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "poliittinen taloustiede", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "lis\u00e4arvo", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": 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