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[{"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Lindholm, Lari", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2014-01-07T11:09:36Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2014-01-07T11:09:36Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2013", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1290677", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/42764", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Tarkastelen pro gradu \u2013tutkielmassani englantilaisen islam-vastaisen English Defence League-liikkeen identiteettipolitiikkaa. EDL kuuluu laajempaan niin sanottuun vastajihdistiseen liikkeeseen, joka pit\u00e4\u00e4 islamia yhteen sopimattomana l\u00e4nsimaisen kulttuurin kanssa. EDL edustaa uudenlaista nationalistista tai \u00e4\u00e4rioikeistolaista liikehdint\u00e4\u00e4, koska se painottaa kannanotoissaan v\u00e4hemmist\u00f6jen oikeuksia sek\u00e4 liberaaleja periaatteita, joskin valikoivasti. Tutkin miten liike m\u00e4\u00e4rittelee englantilaisuutta, jota se kertoo puolustavansa, sek\u00e4 sit\u00e4 miten se m\u00e4\u00e4rittelee toiseutta. Ymm\u00e4rr\u00e4n identiteetin muodostuvan aina suhteessa toiseen, eli johonkin sellaiseen mist\u00e4 erottaudutaan. Aineistonani olen k\u00e4ytt\u00e4nyt EDL:n nettisivullaan julkaisemia kirjoituksia, joissa perustellaan liikkeen toimintaa ja kerrotaan sen tavoitteista. Tutkielmani teoreettinen viitekehys perustuu Ernesto Laclaun ja Chantal Mouffen kehitt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n diskurssiteoriaan. Se edustamasta j\u00e4lkiessentialistisesta n\u00e4k\u00f6kulmasta yhteiskunnallisten liikkeiden identiteetin ei katsota m\u00e4\u00e4rittyv\u00e4n suoraan ennalta m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4ttyjen olosuhteiden perustalta vaan poliittisen toiminnan seurauksena. Politiikka on siis jatkuvaa erilaisten merkitysten m\u00e4\u00e4rittely\u00e4 sek\u00e4 vallitsevien merkitysten purkamista. Diskurssiteoriaa soveltamalla olen tarkastellut EDL:n englantilaisuuteen ja sen ulkopuoleen liitt\u00e4mi\u00e4 merkityksi\u00e4.\nEDL m\u00e4\u00e4rittelee englantilaisuutta olennaisesti historiaan viittaamalla. Keskeisess\u00e4 asemassa on myytti sodasta, joka rakentaa selke\u00e4n asetelman itsen ja vihollisen v\u00e4lille. Englantilaisuutta ei kuitenkaan m\u00e4\u00e4ritell\u00e4 erityisen selke\u00e4sti, vaan sen katsotaan voivan tarkoittaa monia asioita ja sis\u00e4lt\u00e4\u00e4 monenlaisia identiteettej\u00e4. Rajan muodostamista ulkopuoleen m\u00e4\u00e4ritt\u00e4\u00e4kin pyrkimys marginalisoida toiseus ja asettaa se vastakkaiseksi laajan yhten\u00e4isen kansakunnan kanssa. Toiseutta edustava islam samastetaan \u00e4\u00e4rioikeistoon ja \u00e4\u00e4rivasemmistoon sek\u00e4 natseihin. Sit\u00e4 m\u00e4\u00e4ritell\u00e4\u00e4n \u00e4\u00e4rimm\u00e4isill\u00e4 negatiivisuuden kategorioilla ja kuvataan stereotyyppisesti yhten\u00e4iseksi muuttumattomaksi kokonaisuudeksi. Huolimatta liberaalien periaatteiden painottamisesta muslimi yksil\u00f6it\u00e4 pidet\u00e4\u00e4n ep\u00e4ilytt\u00e4vin\u00e4 ja potentiaalisina vihollisina islamin takia. Voimakas sotaretoriikka vahvistaa totalisoivaa vastakkainasettelua, joka syyllist\u00e4\u00e4 kaikkia muslimeja radikaalien islamistien tai terroristien teoista. Uhkana on muslimeihin kohdistuvan syrjinn\u00e4n ja v\u00e4kivallan lis\u00e4\u00e4ntyminen. T\u00e4m\u00e4n seurauksena saattaa synty\u00e4 v\u00e4kivaltaan vastaavaa \u00e4\u00e4ritoimintaa, joka puolestaan johtaa\nsyvenev\u00e4\u00e4n v\u00e4kivallan kierteeseen.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Miia Hakanen (mihakane) on 2014-01-07 11:09:36.138722. Form: Admin-lomake Pro gradu -t\u00f6ille (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/admin-lomake-pro-gradu-toille). JyX data:", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija@noreply.fi) on 2014-01-07T11:09:36Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201401071028.pdf: 629940 bytes, checksum: 4f7d3abfb8b37f666749085861e3ac90 (MD5)\nlicense.html: 107 bytes, checksum: a7d86e598caa500b1b433bbb9dc8ef1c (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2014-01-07T11:09:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201401071028.pdf: 629940 bytes, checksum: 4f7d3abfb8b37f666749085861e3ac90 (MD5)\nlicense.html: 107 bytes, checksum: a7d86e598caa500b1b433bbb9dc8ef1c (MD5)\n Previous issue date: 2013", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "1 verkkoaineisto (97 sivua)", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "English Defence League", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "They hate what we love : English Defence League-liikkeen identiteettipolitiikka", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title.alternative", "value": "English Defence League-liikkeen identiteettipolitiikka", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": "alternative", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201401071028", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Yhteiskuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Social Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Yhteiskuntatieteiden ja filosofian laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Social Sciences and Philosophy", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Valtio-oppi", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Political Science", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.updated", "value": "2014-01-07T11:09:37Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "updated", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "restrictedAccess", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "208", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "islam", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "identiteettipolitiikka", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "identiteetti", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "englantilaisuus", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "Aineistoon p\u00e4\u00e4sy\u00e4 on rajoitettu tekij\u00e4noikeussyist\u00e4. Aineisto on luettavissa Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopiston kirjaston arkistoty\u00f6asemalta. Ks. https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/fi/tyoskentelytilat/laitteet-ja-tilat.", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "This material has a restricted access due to copyright reasons. It can be read at the workstation at Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 University Library reserved for the use of archival materials: https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/en/workspaces/facilities.", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
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