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[{"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Pirhonen, Jalmari", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2013-01-23T14:26:39Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2013-01-23T14:26:39Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2012", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1245101", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/40750", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Structural and elastic properties of bone are related to microstructural parameters such as porosity and anisotropy. Microtomography (\u03bcCT) enables assessment of bone microstructural geometry, typically down to a voxel size of 5 microns. The purpose of this thesis was to evaluate whether using a higher (sub-micrometer) voxel resolution in X-ray \u03bcCT enables detection of new, finer, details in human cortical bone. The second objective was to measure several morphological parameters that determine the microstructure, and to compare two different microtomographs. To this end, twenty four human cadaveric femur samples were imaged by Xradia XCT-400 at a voxel size of 0.56 - 0.59 \u03bcm and spatial resolution of 1.5 \u03bcm. For comparison, samples were measured by Skyscan 1172 at a voxel size of 2.78 \u03bcm. Scanner and image reconstruction parameters were individually tuned for each sample, so as to enhance the signal to noise ratio and to increase the amount of small detail. The systematical error due to the chosen procedure was satisfyingly low. Haversian canals (50.8 \u00b1 25.4 \u03bcm) and ostecyte lacunae (3.74 \u00b1 0.30 \u03bcm) were easily distinguishable from the scans by XCT-400, whereas SkyScan only extracted the Haversian canals. Morphological data from these two microtomographs\nhad consistent distributions at the scale of the Haversian canals. Some correlations were observed between the morphological parameters, e.g. the cortical porosity correlated with pore diameter and number of pores. In conclusion, the Xradia \u03bcCT thus enables new level of bone morphological analysis which can enhance the understanding of relations between the properties of hierarchical microstructure and macroscopic features of the bone. Understanding of bone fragility can thereby be enhanced. In particular, such understanding plays important role in developing new methods of non-invasive bone assessment, based on quantitative ultrasound.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Osteoporoottiset murtumat vanhenevalla v\u00e4est\u00f6ll\u00e4 aiheuttavat kansanterveydellisen\nongelman niin Suomessa kuin muuallakin maailmalla.Luuston mikrorakenne on vahvasti sidoksissa luun elastisiin kertoimiin. Mikrorakennetta voidaan kuvata erilaisilla parametreilla, joista esimerkiksi huokoisuus ja anisotrooppisuus ovat keskeisi\u00e4. T\u00e4ss\u00e4 ty\u00f6ss\u00e4 mitataan 24 ihmisen reisiluusta ker\u00e4tty\u00e4 sylinterim\u00e4ist\u00e4 kuoriluun\u00e4ytett\u00e4 k\u00e4ytt\u00e4en Xradia XCT-400 mikrotomografialaitteistoa. Kuvien pikselikoko on 0,56 \u2212 0,59 \u03bcm ja erottelukyky 1,5 \u03bcm. Laitteiston sek\u00e4 analyysiohjelmien s\u00e4\u00e4t\u00e4minen n\u00e4ytekohtaisesti v\u00e4hensi selv\u00e4sti kuvien kohinasuhdetta sek\u00e4 paransi yksityiskohtien erottelua. Mineraalitiheytt\u00e4 ei mittauksissa m\u00e4\u00e4ritetty, sill\u00e4 v\u00e4ltt\u00e4m\u00e4tt\u00f6m\u00e4t tiheysfantomit eiv\u00e4t mahtuneet n\u00e4ytteiden kanssa samanaikaisesti skannattavalle alueelle. Saaduista kuvista erottuivat selke\u00e4sti luun pitkitt\u00e4issuunnassa kulkevat Haversin kanavat sek\u00e4 tasaisesti jakautuneet pienet lacuna-ontelot.Tomografialaitteistolla kuvatuista luun\u00e4ytteist\u00e4 m\u00e4\u00e4ritettiin rakenteellisia ominaisuuksia kolmella eri tasolla: yksi sis\u00e4lsi ainoastaan Haversin kanavien vaikutuksen, toinen ainoastaan lacunat ja viimeinen oli yhdistetty kahdesta mainitusta. Tilastollisen analyysin avulla ominaisuuksien v\u00e4lisi\u00e4 yhteyksi\u00e4 tutkittiin m\u00e4\u00e4ritt\u00e4m\u00e4ll\u00e4 parametrien v\u00e4liset korrelaatiokertoimet. Huokoisuuteen havaittiin vaikuttavan erityisesti huokoisten lukum\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 sek\u00e4 halkaisija. Anisotrooppisuudella ei havaittu olevan merkitt\u00e4v\u00e4\u00e4 yhtenev\u00e4isyytt\u00e4 huokoisuuden kanssa ja rakenne-indeksi vaikutti huomattavasti ainoastaan yhdistelm\u00e4tasolla. Suoritettuja mittauksia verrattiin\nyhteisty\u00f6n\u00e4 It\u00e4-Suomen yliopistossa Kuopiossa eri laitteistolla tehtyihin mittauksiin.\nYhtenev\u00e4isyyksi\u00e4 l\u00f6ytyi Haversin kanavien mittaluokassa. Saavutettu hienorakenteen tarkkuus oli parempi kuin useimmissa tutkimuksissa esitetty. Mikrorakenteen tarkempi ymm\u00e4rt\u00e4minen auttaa m\u00e4\u00e4ritt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n makroskooppisia ominaisuuksia ja tarkentamaan mallia, jolla kuvataan luun kest\u00e4vyytt\u00e4.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Jalmari Pirhonen (majapirh) on 2013-01-23 14:26:38.979226. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (1 tekij\u00e4) (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake-1-tekijae). JyX data:", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija@noreply.fi) on 2013-01-23T14:26:39Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201301231106.pdf: 1363806 bytes, checksum: 938be63daad1b4089294daf8112b1e5a (MD5)\nlicense.html: 5030 bytes, checksum: b4dcd4a33fc8fc861283b784dfab0ade (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2013-01-23T14:26:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201301231106.pdf: 1363806 bytes, checksum: 938be63daad1b4089294daf8112b1e5a (MD5)\nlicense.html: 5030 bytes, checksum: b4dcd4a33fc8fc861283b784dfab0ade (MD5)\n Previous issue date: 2012", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "63 sivua", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "tomografia", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "mikrotomografia", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "luu", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "rakenne", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "mikrorakenne", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "huokoisuus", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Morphological analysis of human cortical bone using high-resolution X-ray microtomography", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201301231106", "language": null, 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