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[{"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Tihver\u00e4inen, Sonja", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2012-08-24T04:49:17Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2012-08-24T04:49:17Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2008", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1224516", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/38364", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Tutkimuksessani tarkastelen nk. ven\u00e4l\u00e4ist\u00e4 kansalaisyhteiskuntaa (eng. civil society), jonka moderni syntyhistoria ajoittuu 1990-luvun alkupuoliskolle. On huomattava, ettei akateemisessa keskustelussa vallitse yksimielisyytt\u00e4 koko ilmi\u00f6n olemassaolosta Ven\u00e4j\u00e4ll\u00e4: omassa ty\u00f6ss\u00e4ni viittaan termill\u00e4 kansalaisten itsens\u00e4 organisoimaan yhdistystoimintaan, erotuksena Neuvostoliiton perinteit\u00e4 jatkavista valtion valvomista ja holhoamista massaj\u00e4rjest\u00f6ist\u00e4.\nTarkasteluni eiv\u00e4t kuitenkaan keskity koko yhdistystoiminnan laajaan kirjoon, vaan suuntaan katseeni kommunismin j\u00e4lkeisen Ven\u00e4j\u00e4n naisj\u00e4rjest\u00f6ihin, nk. uuteen ven\u00e4l\u00e4iseen naisliikkeeseen. Ty\u00f6ni naistutkimuksellinen aspekti nousee tutkimuskysymyksest\u00e4ni: Millaista toimintaa ven\u00e4l\u00e4iset naisj\u00e4rjest\u00f6t harjoittavat ja millainen on niiden suhde feminismiin. Samalla pyrin kartoittamaan feminismin jatkumoa Ven\u00e4j\u00e4ll\u00e4: ennakko-oletukseni on, ett\u00e4 feminismiss\u00e4 tapahtui Neuvostoliiton olemassaolon mittainen katkos, joka p\u00e4\u00e4ttyi vasta 1990-luvun alussa l\u00e4nsimaisten aatteiden, tavaroiden ja vaikutusten taas virratessa vapaasti maahan\nPohdintojeni l\u00e4htein\u00e4 k\u00e4yt\u00e4n aiheesta kirjoitettua kirjallisuutta, jota on tuotettu jokseenkin runsaasti 1990-luvun alusta l\u00e4htien, jolloin Neuvostoliiton romahdus sai monet l\u00e4nsimaiset ja ven\u00e4l\u00e4iset tutkijat pohtimaan ven\u00e4l\u00e4isen yhteiskunnan tilaa, kansalaisaktiivisuuden v\u00e4ltt\u00e4m\u00e4tt\u00f6myytt\u00e4 ja demokratian uusia mahdollisuuksia\nTy\u00f6st\u00e4ni k\u00e4y ilmi, ett\u00e4 feminismiss\u00e4 on tapahtunut katkoksia Neuvostoliiton aikana, mutta ett\u00e4 tuolloinkin oli havaittavissa jonkin verran ep\u00e4virallista feministist\u00e4 toimintaa. Neuvostoliiton romahtaessa feminismist\u00e4 tuli s\u00e4ie uuden 1980-luvun ja 1990-luvun taitteessa syntyneeseen kansalaisyhteiskuntaan. Feminismin tuntemusta on edistetty l\u00e4nsimaisin hankkein, joissa naisj\u00e4rjest\u00f6jen toimintaa on tuettu monin tavoin. Feminismin ajatellaankin osittain olevan l\u00e4nsimaisten avustusten sivutuote, mutta sille on my\u00f6s muodostunut oma vahva kannattajakuntansa naiserityisten j\u00e4rjest\u00f6jen joukossa. N\u00e4ht\u00e4v\u00e4ksi j\u00e4\u00e4, tuleeko suuri yleis\u00f6 unohtamaan niit\u00e4 ennakkoluuloja, joita Neuvostoliiton aikana naisasiaan ja feminismiin yhdistettiin. T\u00e4ll\u00e4 hetkell\u00e4 aatesuunta ei ole suuressa suosiossa, ja sen sis\u00e4ll\u00f6ist\u00e4 k\u00e4yd\u00e4\u00e4n keskustelua my\u00f6s feministisiss\u00e4 piireiss\u00e4. Medialla katsotaan olevan t\u00e4rke\u00e4 rooli feminismin ja naisasian esille nostajana.\nVen\u00e4l\u00e4inen kansalaisyhteiskunta on suurien haasteiden edess\u00e4, kun l\u00e4nsimaiset rahoittajat ovat ryhtyneet miettim\u00e4\u00e4n uusia avustuskohteita. My\u00f6s Putinin hallinnon toimet ovat hankaloittaneet kansalaisj\u00e4rjest\u00f6jen toimintaa. N\u00e4ht\u00e4v\u00e4ksi j\u00e4\u00e4, millainen vaikutus n\u00e4ill\u00e4 on naisj\u00e4rjest\u00f6jen tulevaisuuteen.", "language": null, "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Miia Hakanen (mihakane) on 2012-08-24 04:49:16.817271. Form: Admin-lomake Pro gradu -t\u00f6ille (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/admin-lomake-pro-gradu-toille). JyX data:", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija@noreply.fi) on 2012-08-24T04:49:17Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201208242231.pdf: 302891 bytes, checksum: ac4214c88cd8bbe882571c8cc9612e4c (MD5)\nlicense.html: 107 bytes, checksum: a7d86e598caa500b1b433bbb9dc8ef1c (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2012-08-24T04:49:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201208242231.pdf: 302891 bytes, checksum: ac4214c88cd8bbe882571c8cc9612e4c (MD5)\nlicense.html: 107 bytes, checksum: a7d86e598caa500b1b433bbb9dc8ef1c (MD5)\n Previous issue date: 2008", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "99 sivua", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "naisj\u00e4rjest\u00f6t", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": 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