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[{"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Rissanen, Anu", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2012-05-13T08:08:59Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2012-05-13T08:08:59Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2012", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1216842", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/37823", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Mielisairaiden erist\u00e4minen laitoksiin alkoi Suomessa 1600-luvulla. Hospitaalien ja l\u00e4\u00e4ninlasarettien kautta syntyi pohja valtion omistamille keskuslaitoksille sek\u00e4 kuntien yll\u00e4pit\u00e4mille kunnalliskotien mielisairasosastoille ja 1900-luvulla syntyneille piirimielisairaaloille. Aina vuoden 1952 mielisairaslakiin saakka valtion teht\u00e4v\u00e4n\u00e4 oli hoitaa akuutteja potilaita. Piirimielisairaaloihin puolestaan sijoitettiin kroonikkopotilaat.\r\n\r\nTutkielman kohteena on Siilinj\u00e4rven piirimielisairaala (Harjam\u00e4ki) ja sen potilaisiin vuosina 1926-1959 k\u00e4ytetyt hoitomuodot. Vaikka tutkimus keskittyy yhteen sairaalaan ja sen hoitok\u00e4yt\u00e4nt\u00f6ihin, peilaa se samalla psykiatrisen hoidon historiaa Suomessa. Eri hoitomuodot on otettu sairaaloissa k\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00f6n suunnilleen samaan aikaan, mutta k\u00e4yt\u00e4nn\u00f6iss\u00e4 on ollut eroja.\r\n\r\nK\u00e4sitelt\u00e4v\u00e4n\u00e4 ajanjaksona psykiatrinen hoitoajattelu koki murroksen ja my\u00f6s hoitomuodot muuttuivat. L\u00e4nsimaisessa psykiatriassa mielisairauksien syyn\u00e4 pidettiin pitk\u00e4\u00e4n erilaisia biologisia tekij\u00f6it\u00e4, joten hoitojen tematiikaksi tuli selke\u00e4n l\u00e4\u00e4ketieteellinen perusta. Hoitomuodot kehitettiin Keski-Euroopassa, josta ne opintomatkojen my\u00f6t\u00e4 saapuivat Suomeen yleens\u00e4 parin vuoden viiveell\u00e4.\r\n\r\nAlussa my\u00f6s Siilinj\u00e4rvell\u00e4 k\u00e4ytettiin passiivisia hoitokeinoja: makuuhoito, pitk\u00e4t kylvyt sek\u00e4 k\u00e4\u00e4rehoito t\u00e4ht\u00e4siv\u00e4t potilaan rauhoittamiseen sek\u00e4 helppohoitoisuuteen. My\u00f6s ensimm\u00e4iset l\u00e4\u00e4kkeet olivat joko rauhoittavia \u2013 esimerkiksi skopolamiini \u2013 tai unil\u00e4\u00e4kkeit\u00e4, kuten paraldehydi. T\u00e4rkein hoitomuoto Siilinj\u00e4rven piirimielisairaalassa oli tutkittavana aikana ty\u00f6hoito. Sairaalan potilaat tekiv\u00e4t erilaisia ulko- ja sis\u00e4t\u00f6it\u00e4, ja l\u00e4hteiden perusteella vaikuttaakin, ett\u00e4 ty\u00f6halu ja \u2013into ovat olleet pitk\u00e4aikaiselle ylil\u00e4\u00e4k\u00e4ri Elon Enrothille paranemisen mittari. Potilaiden tekem\u00e4ll\u00e4 ty\u00f6ll\u00e4 oli my\u00f6s sairaalan taloudelle suuri merkitys: ulkopuolisen ty\u00f6voiman k\u00e4ytt\u00f6 esimerkiksi maatilalla oli v\u00e4h\u00e4ist\u00e4. Potilaiden ty\u00f6 vaikutti my\u00f6s kuntien hoitomaksuihin. Siilinj\u00e4rvi oli hoitop\u00e4iv\u00e4kustannuksiltaan Suomen halvin piirimielisairaala.\r\n\r\nSokkihoidot tulivat Siilinj\u00e4rvelle vuodesta 1937, jolloin otettiin k\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00f6n sek\u00e4 Cardiazol- ett\u00e4 insuliinihoito. S\u00e4hk\u00f6sokkihoito aloitettiin 1946. Sokkihoidosta k\u00e4ytetyin ja my\u00f6s toimivin oli insuliinihoito, sill\u00e4 se antoi osalla skitsofreenikoista hyv\u00e4n hoitovasteen. Uudet psyykenl\u00e4\u00e4kkeet psykofarmakat tulivat Harjam\u00e4elle 1950-luvun puoliv\u00e4list\u00e4 alkaen ja ne mullistivat psykiatrisen hoidon sek\u00e4 koko sairaalan ilmapiirin my\u00f6s Siilinj\u00e4rvell\u00e4. Uudenlainen avoimuus sek\u00e4 hoitoinnostus saavuttivat my\u00f6s Harjam\u00e4en sairaalan.", "language": "", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Anu Rissanen (anheturi) on 2012-05-13 08:08:56.999549. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (1 tekij\u00e4) (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake-1-tekijae). JyX data:", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija@noreply.fi) on 2012-05-13T08:08:59Z\r\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\r\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201205131643.pdf: 3917878 bytes, checksum: 95b9b090b3ccf595f2a5dc2ba25d1398 (MD5)\r\nlicense.html: 5042 bytes, checksum: d6ec462950adf40b292b64e97f7918d1 (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2012-05-13T08:08:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\r\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201205131643.pdf: 3917878 bytes, checksum: 95b9b090b3ccf595f2a5dc2ba25d1398 (MD5)\r\nlicense.html: 5042 bytes, checksum: d6ec462950adf40b292b64e97f7918d1 (MD5)\r\n Previous issue date: 2012", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "112 sivua", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Siilinj\u00e4rven piirimielisairaala", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Ty\u00f6t\u00e4, sokkeja, l\u00e4\u00e4kkeit\u00e4 : Siilinj\u00e4rven piirimielisairaala ja potilaiden hoitomuodot vuosina 1926-1959", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title.alternative", "value": "Siilinj\u00e4rven piirimielisairaala ja potilaiden hoitomuodot vuosina 1926-1959", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": "alternative", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201205131643", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.dcmitype", "value": "Text", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "dcmitype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Humanistinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Humanities", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Historian ja etnologian laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of History and Ethnology", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Suomen historia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Finnish History", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.updated", "value": "2012-05-13T08:08:59Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "updated", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "3031", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "1920-luku", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "1930-luku", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "1940-luku", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "1950-luku", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "psykiatria", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "historia", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "mielisairaalat", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "psyykkisesti sairaat", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "hoitomenetelm\u00e4t", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "mielenterveys", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "psykiatrinen hoito", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "Siilinj\u00e4rvi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "Harjam\u00e4ki", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "Pohjois-Savo", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", 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